Yadda ake shigar da Stack LAMP a cikin AlmaLinux 8.4

LAMP sanannen tari ne da ake amfani da shi don haɓakawa da gwada aikace-aikacen yanar gizo. Yana da acronym ga Linux, Apache, MariaDB, da PHP.

Apache buɗaɗɗen tushen sabar gidan yanar gizo ce kuma ana amfani da ita sosai. MariaDB uwar garken bayanai ce ta buɗe tushen tushen bayanai wacce ke adana bayanai a cikin tebura cikin ɗakunan bayanai, kuma PHP harshe ne na rubutun sabar da ake amfani da shi don haɓaka shafukan yanar gizo masu ƙarfi.

A cikin wannan ci gaba, za mu nuna shigar da tarin LAMP a cikin AlmaLinux.

Mataki 1: Sanya Apache a cikin AlmaLinux

Mun fara tare da shigar da sabar gidan yanar gizon Apache. An shirya kunshin Apache httpd akan ma'ajiyar AppStream. Don haka, zaku iya shigar da Apache ta amfani da mai sarrafa fakitin DNF kamar haka:

$ sudo dnf install -y @httpd

Lokacin da aka gama shigarwa na Apache, ci gaba kuma fara sabis ɗin Apache kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo systemctl start httpd

Hakanan kuna son kunna sabar gidan yanar gizo ta Apache don farawa lokacin da aka kunna tsarin ko akan sake kunnawa. Don haka, kunna sabis na Apache.

$ sudo systemctl enable httpd

Don tabbatar da cewa Apache yana gudana, gudanar da umarni:

$ sudo systemctl status httpd

Fitowar alama ce bayyananne cewa Apache yana gudana kamar yadda aka zata.

Hakanan zamu iya gwada cewa Apache yana aiki ta hanyar bincika IP ko sunan yanki na uwar garken. Amma da farko, idan kuna kunna Firewalld, kuna buƙatar ba da izinin zirga-zirgar HTTP a cikin Tacewar zaɓi.

$ sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http

Don amfani da canje-canje, sake shigar da Tacewar zaɓi.

$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload

Yanzu zaku iya ci gaba don bincika adireshin IP na uwar garken kamar yadda aka nuna.

http://server-ip-address
OR
http://your-domain.com

Shafin maraba na Apache zai zo don dubawa, tabbacin cewa an yi nasarar kafa sabar gidan yanar gizon.

Mataki 2: Sanya MariaDB a cikin AlmaLinux

Ci gaba, za mu shigar da MariaDB - tsarin kula da bayanai ne na dangantaka (RDBMS) wanda shine cokali mai yatsa na MySQL. Hakanan ana samun MariaDB daga ma'ajiyar AppStream. Kuna iya lissafin nau'ikan nau'ikan MariaDB da ke akwai ta hanyar gudanar da umarni mai zuwa

$ sudo dnf module list mariadb

Daga fitarwa, tsohuwar sigar ita ce MariaDB 10.3. Duk da haka, za mu shigar da 10.5 wanda shine sabon abu a cikin ma'ajin.
Don wannan ya faru, sake saita tsarin MariaDB kamar haka.

$ sudo dnf module reset mariadb

Sannan shigar da sabon sigar MariaDB ta amfani da umarnin:

$ sudo dnf module install mariadb:10.5

Da zarar an gama, tabbatar da fara sabis na MariaDB.

$ sudo systemctl start mariadb

Sannan kunna MariaDB don farawa duk lokacin da aka kunna tsarin ko akan sake kunnawa.

$ sudo systemctl enable mariadb

Kawai don tabbatar da cewa uwar garken bayanan tana aiki da aiki, aiwatar da:

$ sudo systemctl status mariadb

Saitunan tsoho na MariaDB suna da rauni kuma suna haifar da haɗarin tsaro ga uwar garken. Don haka, za mu ci gaba da ƙara taurare MariaDB. Gudanar da rubutun da aka nuna.

$ sudo mysql_secure_installation

Za a ɗauke ku ta hanyoyi guda biyu. Tabbatar da farko saita tushen kalmar sirri.

Don ragowar faɗakarwar, amsa Y don daidaita shi zuwa saitunan da aka ba da shawarar. Wannan ya ƙunshi cire masu amfani da ba a san su ba, toshe tushen shiga nesa, da cire bayanan gwajin.

Don shiga cikin uwar garken bayanan ku gudanar da umarni.

$ sudo mysql -u root -p

Mataki 3: Sanya PHP 8 a cikin AlmaLinux

Bangare na ƙarshe na tarin LAMP da za mu shigar shine PHP. Wannan harshe ne na rubutun sabar don haɓaka aikace-aikacen yanar gizo masu ƙarfi.

Don duba nau'ikan PHP da ke cikin ma'ajiyar AppStream, gudu:

$ sudo dnf module list php

Sabuwar sigar da AppStream repo ke bayarwa shine PHP 7.4.

Koyaya, idan kuna son shigar da sabon sigar PHP, kuna buƙatar shigar da ma'ajiyar Remi. Wannan ma'adana ce ta ɓangare na uku wanda ke ba da sabbin nau'ikan PHP.

Sanya ma'ajiyar Remi akan AlmaLinux kamar haka:

$ sudo dnf install http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-8.rpm

Har yanzu, jera samfuran PHP da aka bayar kuma wannan lokacin, zaku sami ma'ajin Remi akan jerin tare da samfuran PHP da aka bayar.

$ sudo dnf module list php

A lokacin rubuta wannan jagorar, sabuwar sigar PHP ita ce PHP 8.1 wanda ɗan takarar Saki ne. Wannan yayi daidai da sigar Beta kuma yakamata a yi amfani dashi kawai don dalilai na gwaji ba samarwa ba.

Don shigar da sabon tsarin PHP, sake saita tsohuwar tsarin PHP kuma kunna tsarin PHP 8.1 kamar haka.

$ sudo dnf module reset php
$ sudo dnf module enable php:remi-8.1

A ƙarshe, shigar da PHP da sauran nau'ikan PHP na fifikonku kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo dnf install php php-common php-cli php-mbstring php-xml php-zip php-mysqlnd php-opcache php-curl php-intl php-gd

Lokacin da shigarwa ya cika, tabbatar da sigar PHP da aka shigar.

$ php -v

Baya ga wannan, zaku iya gwada PHP akan burauzar ta fara ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin PHP na gwaji kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo vim /var/www/html/info.php

Na gaba, liƙa fayilolin PHP masu zuwa.

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

Ajiye canje-canje kuma fita fayil. Sake kunna sabar gidan yanar gizo Apache.

$ sudo systemctl restart httpd

Sannan bincika URL ɗin da aka nuna.

http://server-ip/info.php
OR
http://your-domain.com/info.php

Wannan ya kamata ya jagorance ku zuwa shafin bayanan PHP wanda ke nuna nau'in PHP da aka shigar a tsakanin sauran bayanai.

Kuma wannan ya ƙare wannan koyawa akan shigar da tarin LAMP akan AlmaLinux. Yanzu zaku iya fara ɗaukar nauyin amintaccen Apache ɗinku tare da HTTPS.