Yadda ake Ƙirƙiri da Sarrafa Tsarin Fayil na Btrfs a cikin Linux

Btrfs ko B-itace tsarin fayil shine GPL-lasisin kwafin-on-write (COW) wanda kamfanoni da yawa suka haɓaka kamar haka Oracle, Redhat, Fujitsu, Intel, Facebook , Linux Foundation, Suse, da dai sauransu Brtfs za su goyi bayan matsakaicin har zuwa 16 exbibyte kuma fileize na iya zama matsakaicin har zuwa 8 exbibyte, saboda iyakancewar kwaya.

Ana iya ƙirƙira fayiloli a kowace haruffa ban da / da BABU. Btrfs yana da fasalulluka na warkarwa da kai kuma suna da damar faɗaɗa juzu'i da yawa. A cikin Btrfs za mu iya raguwa, haɓaka tsarin fayil, ƙara ko cire na'urar toshe cikin yanayin kan layi.

Hakanan yana ba da ƙaramin juzu'i, ƙananan juzu'i ba na'urorin toshe ba ne daban, za mu iya ƙirƙirar hotuna da dawo da hoton waɗancan ƙananan kundin. Maimakon amfani da LVM za mu iya amfani da btrfs. Btrfs fayil-tsarin har yanzu suna ƙarƙashin gwaji ba a haɗa su cikin samarwa ba, Idan muna da wasu mahimman bayanai, a halin yanzu an ba da shawarar kada a yi amfani da btrfs a cikin yanayin samarwa.

Btrfs ya fito da sigar 3.18 ta watan Disamba 2014 tare da sabbin abubuwa da yawa.

Wannan sabon sigar btrfs ya cika da sabbin abubuwa da yawa kamar haka:

  1. Ta hanyar tsoho mkfs skinny-metadata fasalin yana samuwa daga kernel 3.10.
  2. Don gyara manyan ɓatattun fayilolin fayiloli tare da kulawa.
  3. Ƙara zaɓin juyawa don nuna ci gaba.
  4. Ikon haɗa fayilolin da aka ɓace zuwa batattu+ samu. Wannan gyara ne don kwaro na kwaya kwanan nan.
  5. Don ganin bayanin yadda ake amfani da tsarin fayil maimakon df.
  6. Da sauran ƙarin gyaran bug-fixes tare da ingantattun takardu.
  7. Ƙaƙƙarfan kundin tsarin fayil.

Hostname	:	btrfs.tecmintlocal.com
IP addrress 	:	192.168.0.120
Disk Size Used	:	8GB [/dev/sdb]

Mataki 1: Shigarwa da Ƙirƙirar Tsarin Fayil na Btrfs

1. A mafi yawan sabbin rarraba Linux na yau, btrfs kunshin ya zo kamar yadda aka riga aka shigar. Idan ba haka ba, shigar da kunshin btrfs ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

# yum install btrfs-progs -y		[On RedHat based Distro's]
# sudo apt-get install btrfs-tools -y	[On Debian based Distro's]

2. Bayan an shigar da kunshin btrfs akan tsarin, yanzu muna buƙatar kunna tsarin Kernel don btrfs ta amfani da umarnin ƙasa.

# modprobe btrfs

3. Anan, mun yi amfani da faifai ɗaya kawai (watau /dev/sdb) a cikin wannan faifai, za mu saita kundin ma'ana kuma mu ƙirƙiri tsarin fayil na btrfs. Kafin ƙirƙirar su, bari mu fara tabbatar da faifan da ke haɗe zuwa tsarin.

# ls -l /dev | grep sd

4. Da zarar kun tabbatar da cewa faifan yana haɗe da tsarin daidai, yanzu lokaci ya yi da za a ƙirƙiri bangare don LVM. Za mu yi amfani da umarnin 'fdisk' don ƙirƙirar ɓangarori akan faifai /dev/sdb. Bi umarnin kamar yadda aka bayyana a ƙasa don ƙirƙirar sabon bangare akan tuƙi.

# fdisk -c /dev/sdb

  1. Latsa 'n' don ƙirƙirar sabon bangare.
  2. Sa'an nan kuma zaɓi 'P' don bangare na Farko.
  3. Na gaba zaɓi lambar ɓangaren azaman 1.
  4. Bayyana ƙimar tsoho ta hanyar danna maɓallin Shigar sau biyu kawai.
  5. Na gaba latsa 'P' don buga ɓangarorin da aka ƙayyade.
  6. Latsa 'L' don lissafta duk nau'ikan da ake da su.
  7. Buga 't' don zaɓar ɓangarori.
  8. Zaɓi '8e' don Linux LVM kuma latsa Shigar don nema.
  9. Sai kuma a sake amfani da 'p' don buga canje-canjen da muka yi.
  10. Yi amfani da 'w' don rubuta canje-canje.

5. Da zarar kun ƙirƙiri partition cikin nasara, kuna buƙatar sabunta canje-canjen tebur ɗin zuwa kernel don hakan bari mu gudanar da umarnin partprobe don ƙara bayanan diski zuwa kernel kuma bayan haka jera ɓangaren kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.

# partprobe -s
# ls -l /dev | grep sd

6. Ƙirƙirar ƙarar jiki da ƙungiyar girma akan/dev/sdb1 faifai ta amfani da pvcreate da vgcreate umurnin.

# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
# vgcreate tecmint_vg /dev/sdb1

7. Ƙirƙiri Ƙarfin Ƙira a cikin ƙungiyar ƙara. Anan na ƙirƙiri kundila masu ma'ana guda biyu.

# lvcreate -L +2G -n tecmint_lv1 tecmint_vg
# lvcreate -L +2G -n tecmint_lv2 tecmint_vg

8. Lissafin ƙirƙira ƙarar Jiki, Ƙungiya mai ƙima da ƙididdiga masu ma'ana.

# pvs && vgs && lvs

9. Bari mu ƙirƙiri tsarin-fayil a yanzu don ƙididdiga masu ma'ana.

# mkfs.btrfs /dev/tecmint_vg/tecmint_lv1

10. Na gaba, ƙirƙiri madaidaicin tuddai kuma shigar da tsarin fayil.

# mkdir /mnt/tecmint_btrfs1
# mount /dev/tecmint_vg/tecmint_lv1 /mnt/tecmint_btrfs1/

11. Tabbatar da mount point tare da taimakon df umurnin.

# df -h

Anan girman samuwa shine 2 GB