Yadda ake Sanya WordPress tare da Nginx akan Debian da Ubuntu

NGINX (lafazi: injin-x) buɗaɗɗen tushe mai ƙarfi ne, haske, sabar HTTP mai sassauƙa wanda ya ƙaru cikin shahara a shekarun baya kuma yanzu shine babbar hanyar sadarwar uwar garke wanda yana iko da wasu manyan gidajen yanar gizo masu yawan zirga-zirga a kwanakin nan, kamar Facebook, WordPress, Sourceforge ko wasu.

Abin da ya sa ya zama mai sauri kuma abin dogara shi ne gaskiyar cewa yana amfani da tsari iri ɗaya kamar Apache, amma yana da wata hanya ta daban game da kwasfa na yanar gizo, ta amfani da abin da ya faru - gine-ginen asynchronous wanda ba ya haifar da matakai kamar yadda ya kamata. da sauri kamar yadda yake karɓar buƙatun kuma yana amfani da fayilolin sanyi masu sauƙi.

Don tsarin Ubuntu da Debian, an riga an haɗa Nginx azaman fakiti a ma'ajiyar su kuma ana iya shigar da su ta hanyar fakitin da ya dace.

Hakanan yana goyan bayan Mai watsa shiri na gani kamar Apache kuma yana amfani da tashar Fastcgi don sadarwa tare da fayilolin PHP akan sabar ta hanyar PHP-FPM.

Wannan koyaswar ta ƙunshi shigarwa da saitunan asali na fayil don Nginx don ɗaukar nauyin gidan yanar gizon WordPress CMS akan Mai watsa shiri na Farko kuma saitin ya shafi Ubuntu 18.04/20.04, Debian 10/9 da Linux Mint 20/19/18.

Shigar da Sabar Yanar Gizo ta Nginx

1. Shigar Nginx don Ubuntu, Debian ko Linux Mint daidai yake kamar kowane fakiti kuma ana iya shigar dashi tare da umarni mai sauƙi kawai.

$ sudo apt-get install nginx

2. Na gaba, fara, kunna, kuma tabbatar da matsayin Nginx yi amfani da umarnin systemctl masu zuwa.

$ sudo systemctl start nginx
$ sudo systemctl enable nginx
$ sudo systemctl status nginx

Shigar da PHP da MariaDB Server

3. Domin Nginx ya sami damar gudanar da WordPress, kuna buƙatar shigar da fakitin PHP, PHP-FPM, da MariaDB.

$ sudo apt-get install php php-mysql php-fpm php-curl php-gd php-intl php-mbstring php-soap php-xml php-xmlrpc php-zip mariadb-server mariadb-client

4. Na gaba, tabbatar da cewa sabis ɗin bayanai na MariaDB yana gudana kuma yana kunna farawa ta atomatik lokacin da aka kunna tsarin ku.

$ sudo systemctl status mariadb
$ sudo systemctl is-enabled mariadb

5. Domin sadarwa tare da FastCGI baya, dole ne sabis na PHP-FPM ya kasance yana aiki akan sabar.

$ sudo systemctl start php7.4-fpm
$ sudo systemctl enable php7.4-fpm
$ sudo systemctl status php7.4-fpm

6. Yanzu kuna buƙatar tabbatar da shigarwar MariaDB ɗinku ta hanyar gudanar da rubutun mysql_secure_installation wanda ke jigilar kaya tare da kunshin MariaDB.

$ sudo mysql_secure_installation

Bayan gudanar da rubutun, zai ɗauke ku ta jerin tambayoyi inda za ku iya amsa ye (y) don inganta tsaro na shigarwar MariaDB ta hanyoyi masu zuwa:

Shigar da kalmar sirri ta yanzu don tushen (shigar da babu): Shigar da
Saita tushen kalmar sirri? [Y/n] y
Cire masu amfani da ba a san su ba? [Y/n] y
A hana tushen shiga daga nesa? [Y/n] y
Cire bayanan gwaji da samun dama gare shi? [Y/n] y
Sake ɗorawa teburin gata yanzu? [Y/n] y

Shigar da WordPress

7. WordPress yana buƙatar database don adana bayanai akan uwar garken, don haka ƙirƙirar sabon bayanan WordPress don gidan yanar gizon ku ta amfani da umarnin mysql kamar yadda aka nuna.

# mysql -u root -p
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE mysite;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON mysite.* TO 'mysiteadmin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY  '[email !';
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
MariaDB [(none)]> EXIT;

8. Yanzu lokaci ya yi da za a ƙirƙiri hanyar tushen hanyar WordPress Virtual Host, zazzage ma'aunin tarihin WordPress, cire shi sannan a fitar da kwafin maimaitawa zuwa /var/www/html/wordpress.

$ sudo mkdir -p /var/www/html/mysite.com
$ wget http://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
$ tar xfvz latest.tar.gz
$ sudo cp -r wordpress/* /var/www/html/mysite.com

9. Don shigar da WordPress santsi ba tare da wani wp-config.php ƙirƙirar kurakuran fayil ba, baiwa masu amfani da tsarin Nginx www-data tare da rubuta izini akan /var/www/html/mysite.comhanyar da juyawa canje-canje bayan shigar da WordPress.
$ sudo chown -R www-data /var/www/html/mysite.com $ sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/mysite.com
Ƙirƙirar Mai watsa shiri na NGINX don Yanar Gizon WordPress
10. Yanzu lokaci ya yi da za a ƙirƙiri ainihin Mai watsa shiri na Virtual don gidan yanar gizon WordPress akan sabar Nginx. Gudun umarni mai zuwa don ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin sanyi na uwar garken WordPress.
$ sudo vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/mysite.com.conf
Sannan ƙara abun ciki mai zuwa.
server { listen 80; listen [::]:80; root /var/www/html/mysite.com; index index.php index.html index.htm; server_name mysite.com www.mysite.com; error_log /var/log/nginx/mysite.com_error.log; access_log /var/log/nginx/mysite.com_access.log; client_max_body_size 100M; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args; } location ~ \.php$ { include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf; fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; } }
11. Ta hanyar tsoho, Nginx yana bin duk buƙatun zuwa toshewar uwar garken default. Don haka, cire toshewar default uwar garken don ba da damar gidan yanar gizonku na WordPress ko wasu gidajen yanar gizon da kuke son ɗauka akan sabar iri ɗaya daga baya.
$ sudo rm /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default $ sudo rm /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
12. Na gaba, duba tsarin daidaitawa na NGINX don kowane kurakurai kafin ku iya sake kunna sabis na Nginx don amfani da sababbin canje-canje.
$ sudo nginx -t $ sudo systemctl restart nginx
Kammala Shigar WordPress ta Mai Sanya Yanar Gizo
13. Yanzu buɗe burauzar gidan yanar gizon ku kuma kammala shigarwar WordPress ta amfani da mai saka gidan yanar gizo.
http://mysite.com/ OR http://SERVER_IP/
14. Sannan ƙara bayanan gidan yanar gizon kamar taken, admin username, password, da adireshin imel. Sannan danna Sanya WordPress don ci gaba da shigarwa.
15. Da zarar shigarwa na WordPress ya ƙare, ci gaba da samun dama ga dashboard mai gudanarwa na gidan yanar gizon ta danna maɓallin shiga kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin allon mai zuwa.
16. A gidan yanar gizon admin's login, samar da sunan mai amfani da kalmar sirri da aka ƙirƙira a sama sannan danna login, don samun damar dashboard admin na rukunin yanar gizon ku.
17. Bayan shigarwa ya kammala soke izini ta hanyar ba da umarni mai zuwa.
$ sudo chown -R root /var/www/html/mysite.com
Kunna HTTPS akan WordPress

18. Idan kuna son kunna HTTPS akan gidan yanar gizonku na WordPress, kuna buƙatar shigar da takardar shaidar SSL kyauta daga Mu Encrypt kamar yadda aka nuna.
$ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install software-properties-common $ sudo add-apt-repository universe $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install certbot python3-certbot-nginx $ sudo certbot --nginx
Don tabbatar da cewa an saita rukunin yanar gizonku na WordPress daidai ta amfani da takardar shaidar SSL Kyauta, ziyarci gidan yanar gizon ku a https://yourwebsite.com/ kuma nemi gunkin kulle a mashigin URL. A madadin, zaku iya bincika HTTPS na rukunin yanar gizon ku a https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/.
Taya murna! Kun sami nasarar shigar da sabuwar sigar WordPress tare da NGINX akan sabar ku, yanzu fara gina sabon gidan yanar gizonku ko bulogi.