Yadda za a gyara bai kasa hawan /etc/fstab Kuskure a cikin Linux

A cikin wannan labarin, zan yi bayanin yadda ake warware kuskuren boot ɗin da aka kasa mount /etc/fstab a Linux. Fayil ɗin da ake tambaya yana ƙunshe da bayanan da suka shafi tsarin fayil ɗin da tsarin zai iya hawa ta atomatik a lokacin taya.

Wannan bayanin yana tsaye kuma ana karanta shi ta wasu shirye-shirye akan tsarin kamar mount, umount, dump da fsck. Yana da mahimman filayen hawa tsarin fayil guda shida: filin farko yana bayanin toshe na'urar musamman ko tsarin fayil mai nisa da za'a saka, filin na biyu yana bayyana ma'anar dutsen don tsarin fayil kuma na uku yana ƙayyade nau'in tsarin fayil.

Filin na huɗu yana bayyana zaɓuɓɓukan dutsen da ke da alaƙa da tsarin fayil, kuma filin na biyar ana karanta shi ta kayan aikin juji. Ana amfani da filin na ƙarshe ta kayan aikin fsck don kafa tsari na bincika tsarin fayil.

Bayan gyara /etc/fstab don ƙirƙirar automount da sake kunna tsarina; ya tashi cikin yanayin gaggawa yana nuna saƙon kuskure a ƙasa.

Na shiga a matsayin tushen daga mahaɗin da ke sama, kuma na buga umarni mai zuwa don duba cikin mujallolin tsarin; sai na ga kurakurai da aka nuna a cikin hoton allo (an nuna ta amfani da ja).

Kamar yadda kake gani, babban kuskuren (rashin da dai sauransu-fstab.mount unit) yana haifar da wasu kurakurai (al'amurran da suka shafi tsarin tsarin tsarin) kamar gazawar gida-fs.target, rhel-autorelabel-mark.service da dai sauransu.

# journalctl -xb

Kuskuren da ke sama na iya haifar da kowane ɗayan batutuwan da ke ƙasa, a cikin fayil ɗin /etc/fstab:

  • bacewar /etc/fstab fayil
  • kuskuren ƙayyadaddun zaɓuɓɓukan hawan tsarin fayil,
  • matsakaicin gazawa ko
  • haruffan da ba a gane su ba a cikin fayil.

Don warware shi, zaku iya amfani da ainihin fayil ɗin idan kun ƙirƙiri madadin, in ba haka ba ku yi sharhi game da kowane canje-canje da kuka yi ta amfani da harafin \# (kuma ku tabbatar da cewa duk layin da ba a bayyana shi ba layin tsarin fayil ne).

Don haka na buɗe /etc/fstab ta amfani da editan rubutu na vi/m don bincika kowane kurakurai.

# vi /etc/fstab

Na gane na buga wasiƙar \r a farkon fayil ɗin kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton allo na sama - tsarin ya gane wannan a matsayin na'ura ta musamman wacce a zahiri ba ta wanzu a tsarin fayil ɗin. , don haka yana haifar da kurakuran da aka nuna a sama.

Wannan ya ɗauki sa'o'i da yawa kafin in lura da gyara shi. Don haka sai na cire wasiƙar, na ba da sharhi kan layi na farko a cikin fayil ɗin, na rufe kuma in adana shi. Bayan kunna sake kunnawa, tsarin ya sake yin boot da kyau.

Don guje wa fuskantar irin waɗannan batutuwa akan tsarin ku, lura da waɗannan abubuwan:

Koyaushe ƙirƙiri madadin fayilolin saitin ku kafin gyara su. Idan akwai wasu kurakurai a cikin saitunan ku, zaku iya komawa zuwa fayil ɗin tsoho/mai aiki.

Misali:

# cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.orig

Abu na biyu, bincika fayilolin saiti don kowane kurakurai kafin adana su, wasu aikace-aikacen suna ba da kayan aiki don bincika daidaita fayilolin daidaitawa kafin gudanar da aikace-aikacen. Yi amfani da waɗannan abubuwan amfani idan ya yiwu.

Koyaya, idan kuna samun saƙon kurakuran tsarin:

Da farko duba cikin tsarin da aka tsara ta amfani da journalctl utility don sanin ainihin abin da ya haifar da su:

# journal -xb

Idan ba za ku iya magance kurakuran ta hanya ɗaya ko ɗaya ba, gudu zuwa kowane ɗayan miliyoyin dandalin Linux akan gidan yanar gizo kuma saka batun a can.

Duba wasu labarai masu alaƙa da amfani.

  1. Asali Jagora ga Linux Boot Tsari
  2. 4 Mafi kyawun Loaders Boot Linux
  3. Sarrafa Saƙonnin Log a ƙarƙashin Na'ura ta Amfani da Journalctl [Ƙararren Jagora]
  4. Sarrafa Tsari da Sabis na Farawa Tsari (SysVinit, Systemd da Upstart)
  5. Gudanar da tsari a cikin RHEL 7: Boot, Rufewa, da Duk abin da ke Tsakanin

Shi ke nan a yanzu. A cikin wannan labarin, na bayyana yadda za a warware kuskuren boot ɗin\ya kasa hawan /etc/fstab a cikin Linux. Har yanzu, don guje wa irin waɗannan batutuwa (ko kuma idan kun ci karo da wasu batutuwan taya), ku tuna ku bi jagororin da aka bayar a sama. A ƙarshe, zaku iya ƙara ra'ayoyinku zuwa wannan jagorar ta hanyar bayanin da ke ƙasa.