Yadda zaka Sanya Adireshin IP tsaye akan Ubuntu 20.04

Yawancin lokaci, lokacin da tsarin abokin ciniki ya haɗu da cibiyar sadarwa ta hanyar WiFi ko kebul na ethernet, ta atomatik yana karɓar adireshin IP daga na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa. Ana yin wannan ta hanyar uwar garken DHCP wanda ke ba da adiresoshin IP ta atomatik ga abokan ciniki daga ɗakunan adireshin.

Rashin daidaituwa tare da DHCP shine cewa da zarar lokacin haya na DHCP ya ƙare, adireshin IP na tsarin yana canzawa zuwa wani daban, kuma wannan yana haifar da yankewa idan aka yi amfani da tsarin don takamaiman sabis kamar sabar fayil. Saboda wannan, kuna so ku saita adireshin IP tsaye don kada ya taɓa canzawa koda lokacin haya ya cika.

A cikin wannan jagorar, zaku koyi yadda ake saita adireshin IP tsaye akan sabar Ubuntu 20.04 da tebur.

Ubuntu yana amfani da daemon NetworkManager don gudanar da tsarin cibiyar sadarwa. Kuna iya saita IP tsaye ko dai a zane ko akan layin umarni.

Don wannan jagorar, za mu mai da hankali kan kafa adreshin IP tsaye ta amfani da GUI da layin umarni, kuma ga tsarin IP:

IP Address: 192.168.2.100
Netmask: 255.255.255.0
Default gateway route address: 192.168.2.1
DNS nameserver addresses: 8.8.8.8, 192.168.2.1

Wannan bayanin zai zama daban a gare ku, don haka maye gurbin ƙimomin daidai gwargwadon tsarin ku.

A wannan shafin

• Sanya Tsayayyen Adireshin IP akan Ubuntu 20.04 Desktop
• Sanya Tsayayyen Adireshin IP akan Ubuntu 20.04 Server

Don farawa, Kaddamar da 'Saituna' daga menu na aikace-aikacen kamar yadda aka nuna.

A kan taga da ya bayyana, danna maballin 'Hanyar sadarwa' a gefen hagu sannan ka buga gunkin gear a kan hanyar sadarwar da kake son saitawa. A halin da nake ciki, Ina daidaitawa da kebul na mai amfani.

A cikin sabon taga da ya bayyana, za a nuna saitunan cibiyar sadarwar ku kamar yadda aka nuna. Ta hanyar tsoho, an saita adireshin IP don amfani da DHCP don karɓar adireshin IP ta atomatik daga na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ko kowane sabar DHCP.

A halinmu, adireshin IP ɗin da aka sanya yanzu shine 192.168.2.104.

Yanzu zaɓi shafin IPv4 don fara saita tsaye adireshin IP. Kamar yadda kake gani, an saita adireshin IP zuwa Atomatik (DHCP) ta tsohuwa.

Danna kan zaɓin 'Manual' kuma za a nuna sabon filin adireshin. Cika fifikon adireshin IP ɗin da kuka fi so, netmask, da ƙofar tsoho.

An saita DNS ɗin zuwa atomatik. Don daidaita DNS ɗin da hannu, danna maballin don kashe DNS na atomatik. Sannan a samar da abubuwanda kuka fi so na DNS wadanda aka raba su da wakafi kamar yadda aka nuna.

Da zarar an gama komai, danna maɓallin 'Aiwatar' a saman kusurwar dama na window. Don canje-canjen da za a yi amfani da su, sake kunna hanyar sadarwar yanar gizo ta danna kan toggle don musaki shi kuma sake kunna shi.

Har yanzu, danna gunkin gear don bayyana sabon tsarin IP kamar yadda aka nuna.

Hakanan zaka iya tabbatar da adireshin IP akan tashar ta hanyar aiwatar da umarnin ip addr.

$ ifconfig
OR
$ ip addr

Don tabbatar da sabobin DNS, gudanar da umarnin:

$ systemd-resolve --status

Mun ga yadda zamu iya saita adreshin IP tsaye a zane akan teburin Ubuntu 20.04. Sauran zaɓi shine daidaita adireshin IP tsaye akan tashar ta amfani da Netplan.

Canaddamar da Canonical, Netplan mai amfani ne na layin umarni da ake amfani dashi don daidaita hanyar sadarwar kan rarraba Ubuntu na zamani. Netplan yana amfani da fayilolin YAML don daidaita abubuwan haɗin yanar gizo. Kuna iya saita hanyar haɗawa don samun IP mai kuzari ta amfani da yarjejeniyar DHCP ko saita tsayayyen IP.

Bude tashar ka sai ka wuce zuwa/etc/netplan directory. Za ku sami fayil ɗin daidaitawa na YAML wanda zaku yi amfani dashi don daidaita adireshin IP ɗin.

A halin da nake ciki fayel ɗin YAML 01-network-manager-all.yaml ne tare da tsoffin saitunan kamar yadda aka nuna.

Ga uwar garken Ubuntu, fayil ɗin YAML shine 00-installer-config.yaml kuma waɗannan saitunan tsoho ne.

Don saita IP tsaye, kwafa da liƙa sanyi a ƙasa. Yi la'akari da tazara a cikin fayil ɗin YAML.

network:
  version: 2
  ethernets:
     enp0s3:
        dhcp4: false
        addresses: [192.168.2.100/24]
        gateway4: 192.168.2.1
        nameservers:
          addresses: [8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4]

Na gaba, adana fayil ɗin kuma gudanar da umarnin netplan da ke ƙasa don adana canje-canje.

$ sudo netplan apply

Bayan haka zaku iya tabbatar da adireshin IP na haɗin hanyar sadarwar ku ta amfani da umarnin ifconfig.

$ ifconfig

Wannan ya kunsa labarin yau. Muna fatan kun kasance a halin yanzu don daidaita adreshin IP tsaye akan tsarin tebur & sabar Ubuntu 20.04.