Maƙerin Matsala - Yana karya Injin Linux ɗin ku kuma ya neme ku don gyara Linux Broken

Gyara Tsarin Linux da ya karye na iya zama aiki mai wahala idan ba ku da ra'ayin ainihin abin da ke faruwa. Menene yawancin mu ke yi idan muka sami karya tsarin Linux? Yawancin mu muna bincika dandalin da/ko google game da matsalar. Yayin da muke ƙin matsaloli, yaya game da shigar da aikace-aikacen 'Maker Matsala', wanda ke haifar da matsala da gaske, yana ba ku lokaci mai wahala kuma yana son ku gyara tsarin da ya karye.

Wannan kyakkyawar hanya ce ta koyo don gyara tsarin Linux da ya karye. Don wannan dalili, akwai Linux Distro na musamman da ake samu da ake kira 'Damn Vulnerable Linux' (DVL), an haɗa shi da kayan aikin da ba su da kyau, tsofaffin kayan aiki da amfani waɗanda ke horar da masu gudanarwa zuwa daidaitattun masana'antu.

Koyaya, babu wani rarraba ko kayan aiki da ke maye gurbin fahimtar fahimtar Linux a sarari da gogewa wajen magance matsalolin da ba a sani ba. Anan ne, Mai Matsala ya shigo cikin hoton. Tare da wannan Maker Matsala za ku iya horar da kanku akan kowane daidaitaccen rarraba Linux don haka ba a buƙatar takamaiman distro.

A zahiri, ba za ku taɓa raina rarrabawar DVL ba. DVL distro yana ƙunshe da fasalolin aikace-aikace da kwari da yawa yayin da Maker Maƙeri, zai samar muku da kayayyaki daban-daban guda 16.

Abubuwan Maƙerin Matsala

Matsalar Maker ta ƙunshi manyan abubuwa guda uku kuma sune:

  1. An ƙera injin ɗin mai matsala ta hanyar dandali, don haka yana iya aiki akan dandamali da yawa gwargwadon yuwuwar .
    2. An ƙirƙira waɗannan nau'ikan matsala don nuna nau'ikan injin da suke amfani da su, da waɗanne buƙatun da suke da su.
  2. Maginin-module-maginin wani ƙarin tsari ne (na zaɓi) wanda aka ƙera don fayyace fayilolin matsala-module a cikin wasu kayayyaki. A halin yanzu ba a aiwatar da shi ba.

A wannan lokacin, kawai RedHat Enterprise Linux, CentOS, Fedora da SUSE Linux Enterprise Server ne ake tallafawa. Lokacin da kuka shigar da kunna Maker Maƙerin a karon farko, zai zaɓi matsala ba da gangan ba daga saitin samfuransa kuma ya neme ku don magance matsalar boot, matsalar daidaitawa, matsalar hardware da matsalar rahoton mai amfani.

Ana ba da shawarar sosai cewa kar a sanya Maker Matsala akan Injin Farko/Samar da Ku. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da shi akan kowace na'ura ta 'Virtual Machine' don nisantar kowane matsala ko asarar bayanai.

Shigar da Matsala-Maker a cikin Linux

Aikace-aikacen aikin dandamali ne don haka kar a haɗa su tare da takamaiman fayiloli/aikace-aikacen OS. An haɓaka aikin a cikin harshen shirye-shiryen Perl. Tabbas kuna buƙatar shigar Perl akan sabar Linux ɗin ku, kafin amfani da aikace-aikacen.

Don shigar da samfuran Perl da ake buƙata, kuna buƙatar shigarwa kuma kunna ma'ajin RPMForge na ɓangare na uku a ƙarƙashin tsarin ku. Da fatan za a yi amfani da labarin mai zuwa don kunna ma'ajiyar.

Shigar kuma Kunna Ma'ajiyar RPMForge a cikin RHEL/CentOS

Da zarar kun kunna ma'ajiyar RPMForge, zaku iya gudanar da umarni mai zuwa don shigar da samfuran Perl da ake buƙata.

# yum install perl-Archive-Tar perl-YAML

Yanzu, zazzage sabuwar aikace-aikacen Mai Matsala ta amfani da hanyar zazzagewar mai zuwa ko kuna iya amfani da umarnin wget don saukar da shi kamar yadda aka nuna.

# cd /tmp
# wget http://kaz.dl.sourceforge.net/project/trouble-maker/trouble-maker/0.11/trouble-maker-0.11.tgz
# cd /
# tar -zxvf /tmp/trouble-maker-0.11.tgz
# /usr/local/trouble-maker/bin/trouble-maker.pl --version=RHEL_6

Yadda ake Gudun Matsala-Maker a cikin Linux

Yanayin tsoho don gudanar da mai kawo matsala yana da sauƙin amfani. Kawai gudanar da umarni mai zuwa tare da tutar sigar. Misali, akan RedHat Enterprise Linux 6, gudanar da umarni kamar yadda aka nuna.

# /usr/local/trouble-maker/bin/trouble-maker.pl --version=RHEL_6

Don gudanar da takamaiman tsari.

# /usr/local/trouble­maker/bin/trouble­maker.pl –version=RHEL_6 –selection=module_name

Modules Masu Matsala

Duban wasu daga cikin fasalolin System, wanda ya taso sakamakon Gudun Matsala.

Yanki don gani: An canza Runlevel ɗin ku daga 5 zuwa 3 a cikin fayil /etc/inittab.

Yanki don gani: Gyarawa a /etc/passwd fayil.

Wuri don gani: Matsala tare da fayil /etc/inittab.

Yanki don gani: An gyara wurin tushen ɓangaren. Kuna buƙatar canza /boot/grub/grub.conf

Yanki don gani: Kuna buƙatar bincika fayil /etc/pam.d/login fayil.

Yanki don gani: daidai /boot/grub/grub.conf

Yanki don gani: Dole ne ku gani a adadin wurare. Bincika idan umarnin 'ifconfig' yana aiki ko ba a bi shi ta hanyar duba fayil ɗin /etc/sysconfig/network fayil.

Yanki don gani: duba /etc/pam.d/login fayil da /etc/fayil ɗin tsaro kuma gyara ko dai ko duka biyun.

Yanki don gani: bincika kurakurai a cikin fayil ɗin sanyi na ftp, /etc/hosts.allow da /etc/hosts.deny.

Wuri don gani: Gyara fayil ɗin sanyi na SSH.

Kammalawa

Na riga na kwatanta nau'ikan nau'ikan guda 10 a sama, daga cikin nau'ikan 16 na masu kawo matsala, kuma na bar sauran kayayyaki 6 don ku bincika. Don zama gaskiya 1 module ɗin ba shi da daɗi don haka an bar ku tare da nau'ikan nau'ikan 5 don bincika da jimillar kayayyaki 15 da dummy module 1 da ake samu a cikin 'Maker Matsala'. Gudanar da shirin a kan hadarin ku. Ba mu da alhakin kowane lalacewa ga Tsarin/Sabis ɗin ku.

Rubutun Magana

  1. Shafin Gida na samfur
  2. Takardun Samfura

Da fatan ku mutane za ku so rubutun kuma ku gaya mana abin da kuka samu game da 'Maker Matsala'. Wannan shine kawai yanzu kuma kar ku manta da samar mana da mahimman ra'ayoyin ku a cikin sashin sharhi.