10 SCP Umarnin don Canja wurin Fayiloli/ Jaka a cikin Linux

Masu gudanar da Linux yakamata su saba da yanayin CLI. Tunda yanayin GUI a cikin sabar Linux ba a saba shigar dashi ba. SSH na iya zama mafi shaharar yarjejeniya don baiwa masu gudanar da Linux damar sarrafa sabar ta hanya mai nisa. Gina tare da umarnin SSH akwai umarnin SCP. Ana amfani da SCP don kwafi fayil(s) tsakanin sabar ta hanya mai tsaro.

[Za ku iya kuma son: Yadda ake Aminta da Harden OpenSSH Server]

Umurnin da ke ƙasa za a karanta shi azaman\kwafi source_file_name zuwa cikin destination_folder a destination_host ta amfani da username account.

scp source_file_name [email _host:destination_folder

Akwai sigogi da yawa a cikin umarnin SCP waɗanda zaku iya amfani da su. Anan ga sigogin da za su iya amfani da su akan amfanin yau da kullun.

Bayar da cikakken bayanin tsarin SCP ta amfani da siga -v

Babban umarnin SCP ba tare da sigogi ba zai kwafi fayiloli a bango. Masu amfani ba za su ga kome ba sai dai idan an yi tsari ko wasu kuskure ya bayyana.

Kuna iya amfani da ma'aunin -v don buga bayanan kuskure cikin allon. Zai iya taimaka maka gyara haɗin haɗin kai, tantancewa, da matsalolin daidaitawa.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -v Label.pdf [email @202.x.x.x:.

Executing: program /usr/bin/ssh host 202.x.x.x, user mrarianto, command scp -v -t .
OpenSSH_6.0p1 Debian-3, OpenSSL 1.0.1c 10 May 2012
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to 202.x.x.x [202.x.x.x] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: Host '202.x.x.x' is known and matches the RSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/pungki/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct
debug1: Next authentication method: password
[email 's password:
debug1: Authentication succeeded (password).
Authenticated to 202.x.x.x ([202.x.x.x]:22).
Sending file modes: C0770 3760348 Label.pdf
Sink: C0770 3760348 Label.pdf
Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 136.0KB/s 00:27
Transferred: sent 3766304, received 3000 bytes, in 65.2 seconds
Bytes per second: sent 57766.4, received 46.0
debug1: Exit status 0

Samar da lokutan gyare-gyare, lokutan samun dama, da yanayi daga fayilolin asali

Ma'aunin -p zai taimake ku da wannan. Ƙidayataccen lokaci da saurin haɗin haɗin zai bayyana akan allon.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -p Label.pdf [email :.

[email 's password:
Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 126.6KB/s 00:29

Yi saurin canja wurin fayil ta amfani da siga -C

Ɗayan sigogin da za su iya saurin canja wurin fayil ɗin ku shine ma'aunin -C. Ma'aunin -C zai matsa fayilolinku akan tafiya. Abu na musamman shine matsawa-kawai yana faruwa a cikin hanyar sadarwa. Lokacin da fayil ɗin ya isa uwar garken inda aka nufa, zai dawo zuwa girman asalin kamar kafin matsawa ya faru.

Dubi waɗannan umarni. Yana amfani da fayil guda ɗaya na 93 Mb.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -pv messages.log [email :.

Executing: program /usr/bin/ssh host 202.x.x.x, user mrarianto, command scp -v -p -t .
OpenSSH_6.0p1 Debian-3, OpenSSL 1.0.1c 10 May 2012
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to 202.x.x.x [202.x.x.x] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /home/pungki/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
debug1: Found key in /home/pungki/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct
debug1: Trying private key: /home/pungki/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: Next authentication method: password
[email 's password:
debug1: Authentication succeeded (password).
Authenticated to 202.x.x.x ([202.x.x.x]:22).
debug1: Sending command: scp -v -p -t .
File mtime 1323853868 atime 1380425711
Sending file timestamps: T1323853868 0 1380425711 0
messages.log 100% 93MB 58.6KB/s 27:05
Transferred: sent 97614832, received 25976 bytes, in 1661.3 seconds
Bytes per second: sent 58758.4, received 15.6
debug1: Exit status 0

Kwafi fayiloli ba tare da sigar -C zai haifar da 1661.3 seconds. Kuna iya kwatanta sakamakon da umarnin da ke ƙasa wanda ke amfani da sigar -C.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -Cpv messages.log [email :.

Executing: program /usr/bin/ssh host 202.x.x.x, user mrarianto, command scp -v -p -t .
OpenSSH_6.0p1 Debian-3, OpenSSL 1.0.1c 10 May 2012
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to 202.x.x.x [202.x.x.x] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /home/pungki/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
debug1: Host '202.x.x.x' is known and matches the RSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/pungki/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: /home/pungki/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: Next authentication method: password
[email 's password:
debug1: Enabling compression at level 6.
debug1: Authentication succeeded (password).
Authenticated to 202.x.x.x ([202.x.x.x]:22).
debug1: channel 0: new [client-session]
debug1: Sending command: scp -v -p -t .
File mtime 1323853868 atime 1380428748
Sending file timestamps: T1323853868 0 1380428748 0
Sink: T1323853868 0 1380428748 0
Sending file modes: C0600 97517300 messages.log
messages.log 100% 93MB 602.7KB/s 02:38
Transferred: sent 8905840, received 15768 bytes, in 162.5 seconds
Bytes per second: sent 54813.9, received 97.0
debug1: Exit status 0
debug1: compress outgoing: raw data 97571111, compressed 8806191, factor 0.09
debug1: compress incoming: raw data 7885, compressed 3821, factor 0.48

Kamar yadda kake gani, lokacin da kake amfani da matsawa, ana yin aikin canja wuri a cikin 162.5 seconds. Yana da sauri sau 10 fiye da rashin amfani da sigar “-C”. Idan kuna kwafin fayiloli da yawa a cikin hanyar sadarwar, ma'aunin -C zai taimake ku don rage jimillar lokacin da kuke buƙata.

Abin da ya kamata mu lura shi ne cewa hanyar matsawa ba za ta yi aiki akan kowane fayiloli ba. Lokacin da fayil ɗin tushen ya riga ya matsa, ba za ku sami wani ci gaba a wurin ba. Fayiloli irin su .zip, .rar, hotuna, da fayilolin .iso ba za su yi tasiri da sigar “-C” ba.

Canza SCP Cipher zuwa Rufe Fayiloli

Ta hanyar tsoho SCP ta amfani da AES-128 don ɓoye fayiloli. Idan kana so ka canza zuwa wani sifa don ɓoye shi, zaka iya amfani da ma'aunin -c. Dubi wannan umarni.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -c 3des Label.pdf [email :.

[email 's password:
Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 282.5KB/s 00:13

Umurnin da ke sama yana gaya wa SCP don amfani da 3des algorithm don ɓoye fayil ɗin. Da fatan za a kula cewa wannan sigar ta amfani da -c ba -C ba.

Ƙayyadaddun Amfani da Bandwidth tare da Umurnin SCP

Wani siga da zai iya zama mai amfani shine ma'aunin -l. Ma'aunin -l zai iyakance bandwidth don amfani. Zai zama da amfani idan kun yi rubutun aiki da kai don kwafin fayiloli da yawa, amma ba kwa son bandwidth ɗin ya lalace ta hanyar SCP.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -l 400 Label.pdf [email :.

[email 's password:
Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 50.3KB/s 01:13

Ƙimar 400 a bayan ma'aunin -l yana nufin cewa muna iyakance bandwidth don tsarin SCP zuwa 50 KB/sec kawai. Abu daya da za a tuna shi ne cewa an ƙayyade bandwidth a Kilobits/sec (kbps). Yana nufin cewa 8 ragowa daidai suke da 1 byte.

Yayin da SCP ke ƙidaya a Kilobyte/sec (KB/s). Don haka idan kuna son iyakance bandwidth ɗinku don iyakar SCP na 50 KB/s kawai, kuna buƙatar saita shi zuwa 50 x 8 = 400.

Ƙayyade Takamaiman tashar jiragen ruwa don amfani da SCP

Yawancin lokaci, SCP yana amfani da tashar jiragen ruwa 22 azaman tsohuwar tashar jiragen ruwa. Amma saboda dalilai na tsaro, zaku iya canza tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa wata tashar. Misali, muna amfani da tashar jiragen ruwa 2249. Sa'an nan umarnin ya zama kamar haka.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -P 2249 Label.pdf [email :.

[email 's password:
Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 262.3KB/s 00:14

Tabbatar cewa yana amfani da babban P ba p ba tunda an riga an yi amfani da p don lokuta da yanayin da aka kiyaye.

Kwafi fayiloli a cikin kundin adireshi akai-akai

Wani lokaci muna buƙatar kwafin kundin adireshi da duk fiyiloli/ kundayen adireshi a cikinsa. Zai fi kyau idan za mu iya yin shi a cikin umarni 1. SCP yana goyan bayan wannan yanayin ta amfani da ma'aunin -r.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -r documents [email :.

[email 's password:
Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 282.5KB/s 00:13
scp.txt 100% 10KB 9.8KB/s 00:00

Lokacin da aka gama aiwatar da kwafin, a wurin uwar garken inda za ku sami directory mai suna \documents tare da duk fayilolinsa.

Kashe mita ci gaba da saƙon faɗakarwa/ganowa

Idan kun zaɓi kada ku ga mita ci gaba da saƙon gargaɗi/bincike daga SCP, kuna iya kashe shi ta amfani da sigar “-q”. Ga misalin.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -q Label.pdf m[email :.

[email 's password:
[email  ~/Documents $

Kamar yadda kake gani, bayan shigar da kalmar wucewa, babu wani bayani game da tsarin SCP. Bayan da tsari ne cikakke, za ka ga wani m sake.

Kwafi fayiloli ta amfani da SCP ta hanyar wakili

Ana yawan amfani da uwar garken wakili a cikin muhallin ofis. A asali, SCP ba a saita wakili ba. Lokacin da mahallin ku ke amfani da wakili, dole ne ku gaya wa SCP don sadarwa tare da wakili.

Ga yanayin. Adireshin wakili shine 10.0.96.6 kuma tashar wakili shine 8080. Wakilin kuma ya aiwatar da amincin mai amfani. Da farko, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin ~/.ssh/config. Na biyu, kun sanya wannan umarni a ciki.

ProxyCommand /usr/bin/corkscrew 10.0.96.6 8080 %h %p ~/.ssh/proxyauth

Sannan kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar fayil ~/.ssh/proxyauth wanda ya ƙunshi.

myusername:mypassword

Bayan haka, zaku iya yin SCP a bayyane kamar yadda kuka saba.

Da fatan za a lura cewa maiyuwa ne ba a shigar da ma'aunin toshe ba tukuna a kan na'urar ku. A kan Mint na Linux, Ina buƙatar shigar da shi da farko, ta amfani da daidaitaccen tsarin shigarwa na Linux Mint.

$ apt-get install corkscrew

Don sauran tsarin tushen yum, masu amfani za su iya shigar da abin rufe fuska ta amfani da umarnin yum mai zuwa.

# yum install corkscrew

Wani abu kuma shine tunda fayil ɗin “~/.ssh/proxyauth” ya ƙunshi “username” da “Password” ɗin ku a cikin tsararren rubutu, da fatan za a tabbatar cewa fayil ɗin za a iya isa gare ku kawai.

Zaɓi fayil ɗin ssh_config daban

Ga masu amfani da wayar hannu waɗanda galibi ke canzawa tsakanin cibiyoyin sadarwar kamfani da cibiyoyin sadarwar jama'a, zai yi wahala koyaushe canza saituna a cikin SCP. Zai fi kyau idan za mu iya sanya fayil ɗin ssh_config daban don dacewa da bukatunmu.

Ana amfani da wakili a cibiyar sadarwar kamfani amma ba a cikin hanyar sadarwar jama'a ba kuma kuna canza cibiyoyin sadarwa akai-akai.

[email  ~/Documents $ scp -F /home/pungki/proxy_ssh_config Label.pdf

[email :.
[email 's password:
Label.pdf 100% 3672KB 282.5KB/s 00:13

Ta hanyar tsoho ssh_config fayil kowane mai amfani za a sanya shi a cikin ~/.ssh/config. Ƙirƙirar takamaiman fayil ssh_config tare da dacewa da wakili zai sauƙaƙa sauyawa tsakanin cibiyoyin sadarwa.

Lokacin da kake kan hanyar sadarwar kamfani, zaka iya amfani da ma'aunin -F. Lokacin da kuke kan hanyar sadarwar jama'a, zaku iya tsallake sigar -F.

Hakanan kuna iya son: Pscp - Canja wurin/Kwafi fayiloli zuwa Sabar Linux da yawa Ta Amfani da Shell Single

Shi ke nan game da SCP. Kuna iya ganin shafukan mutum na SCP don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai. Da fatan za a ji daɗin barin sharhi da shawarwari.