Yadda ake Kashe Tsarin Linux Ta amfani da Kill, Pkill, da Killall

Linux Operating System yana zuwa tare da umarnin kashe don ƙare tsari. Umurnin yana ba da damar ci gaba da gudanar da uwar garken ba tare da buƙatar sake yin aiki ba bayan babban canji/sabuwa. Anan ya zo babban iko na Linux kuma wannan shine ɗayan dalilan, dalilin da yasa Linux ke gudana akan 96.4% na sabobin, akan duniya.

Umurnin Kill yana aika sigina, ƙayyadadden sigina zuwa tsari mai gudana a halin yanzu. Ana iya aiwatar da umarnin kashe ta hanyoyi da yawa, kai tsaye ko daga rubutun harsashi.

[Za ku iya kuma so: Nemo Manyan Tsarukan 15 ta Amfani da Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa tare da 'saman' a Yanayin Batch]

Yin amfani da umarnin kashewa daga /usr/bin yana ba ku ƙarin fasali don kashe tsari ta sunan tsari ta amfani da pkill.

Ma'anar gama gari don umarnin kashe shine:

# kill [signal or option] PID(s)

Don umarnin kashe Sunan sigina zai iya zama:

Signal Name		Signal Value			Behaviour

SIGHUP			      1				Hangup
SIGKILL			      9				Kill Signal
SIGTERM			      15			Terminate

A bayyane daga halin da ke sama, SIGTERM ita ce tsoho kuma hanya mafi aminci don kashe tsari. SIGHUP hanya ce mai ƙarancin tsaro ta kashe tsari fiye da SIGTERM. SIGKILL ita ce hanya mafi rashin tsaro a cikin ukun da ke sama, don kashe tsarin da ya ƙare tsari ba tare da adanawa ba.

Domin kashe tsari, muna buƙatar sanin ID na tsari na tsari. Tsari misali ne na shirin. Duk lokacin da shirin ya fara, ana ƙirƙirar PID na musamman don wannan tsari.

Kowane tsari a cikin Linux yana da pid. Tsarin farko da ke farawa lokacin da aka kunna Linux System shine tsarin init, don haka an sanya shi darajar '1' a mafi yawan lokuta.

Hakanan kuna iya son: Duk Abin da kuke Bukatar Sanin Game da Tsarukan Tsari a cikin Linux [Mai Gabatarwa]]

Init shine babban tsari kuma ba za a iya kashe shi ta wannan hanyar ba, wanda ke tabbatar da cewa tsarin ba a kashe shi da gangan ba. Init ya yanke shawara kuma ya ba da damar a kashe kansa, inda kisa shine kawai buƙatar rufewa.

Lissafa Duk Tsarin Linux Masu Gudu

Don sanin duk matakai da daidai pid ɗin da aka sanya su, gudanar da umarnin ps mai zuwa.

# ps -A

PID TTY          TIME CMD
    1 ?        00:00:01 init
    2 ?        00:00:00 kthreadd
    3 ?        00:00:00 migration/0
    4 ?        00:00:00 ksoftirqd/0
    5 ?        00:00:00 migration/0
    6 ?        00:00:00 watchdog/0
    7 ?        00:00:01 events/0
    8 ?        00:00:00 cgroup
    9 ?        00:00:00 khelper
   10 ?        00:00:00 netns
   11 ?        00:00:00 async/mgr
   12 ?        00:00:00 pm
   13 ?        00:00:00 sync_supers
   14 ?        00:00:00 bdi-default
   15 ?        00:00:00 kintegrityd/0
   16 ?        00:00:00 kblockd/0
   17 ?        00:00:00 kacpid
   18 ?        00:00:00 kacpi_notify
   19 ?        00:00:00 kacpi_hotplug
   20 ?        00:00:00 ata/0
   21 ?        00:00:00 ata_aux
   22 ?        00:00:00 ksuspend_usbd

Yaya game da Keɓance fitarwa na sama ta amfani da syntax azaman 'tsari pidof'.

# pidof mysqld

Wata hanyar da za a iya cimma burin da ke sama ita ce bin tsarin haɗin gwiwar da ke ƙasa.

# ps aux | grep mysqld

root      1582  0.0  0.0   5116  1408 ?        S    09:49   0:00 
/bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql 
--socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 
--basedir=/usr --user=mysql

mysql     1684  0.1  0.5 136884 21844 ?        Sl   09:49   1:09 
/usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql 
--log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 
--socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

root     20844  0.0  0.0   4356   740 pts/0    S+   21:39   
0:00 grep mysqld

Hakanan kuna iya son: Yadda ake Nemo Manyan Tsarukan 15 ta Amfani da Ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin Linux.

Yadda ake Kashe Tsari a Linux

Kafin mu ci gaba da aiwatar da umarni na kisa, wasu mahimman abubuwan da ya kamata a lura dasu:

Mai amfani zai iya kashe duk ayyukansa.
Mai amfani ba zai iya kashe tsarin wani mai amfani ba.
Mai amfani ba zai iya kashe tsarin da tsarin ke amfani da shi ba.
Mai amfani da tushen zai iya kashe tsarin-matakin-tsari da tsarin kowane mai amfani.

Wata hanyar yin wannan aikin ita ce aiwatar da umarnin 'pgrep'.

# pgrep mysql

Don kashe tsarin PID na sama, yi amfani da umarnin kashe kamar yadda aka nuna.

kill -9 3139

Umurnin da ke sama zai kashe tsarin yana da pid=3139, inda PID shine Ƙimar Lambobi na tsari.

Ana iya sake rubuta wata hanyar yin aikin iri ɗaya kamar.

# kill -SIGTERM 3139

Hakazalika 'kill -9 PID' yayi kama da 'kill -SIGKILL PID' da mataimakinsa.

Yadda ake Kashe Tsari a Linux Amfani da Sunan Tsari

Dole ne ku san sunan tsarin, kafin kisa da shigar da sunan tsari mara kyau na iya lalata ku.

# pkill mysqld

Kashe tsari fiye da ɗaya a lokaci guda.

# kill PID1 PID2 PID3
or
# kill -9 PID1 PID2 PID3
or
# kill -SIGKILL PID1 PID2 PID3

Menene idan tsari yana da lokuta da yawa da yawan matakan yara, muna da umarni 'killall' ko pkill. Waɗannan biyun su ne kawai umarni na wannan iyali, waɗanda ke ɗaukar sunan tsari azaman hujja a wurin lambar tsari.

# killall [signal or option] Process Name
Or
# pkill Process Name

Don kashe duk misalan mysql tare da matakan yara, yi amfani da umarnin kamar haka.

# killall mysqld
OR
# pkill mysqld

Kuna iya tabbatar da matsayin tsarin koyaushe idan yana gudana ko a'a, ta amfani da kowane umarni na ƙasa.

# service mysql status
OR
# systemctl status mysql
# pgrep mysql
# ps -aux | grep mysql

Shi ke nan a yanzu, daga wajena. Nan ba da jimawa ba zan sake kasancewa a nan tare da wani batu mai ban sha'awa da ba da labari. Har sai, zauna a hankali, haɗa zuwa Tecment, kuma cikin koshin lafiya. Kar ku manta da bayar da ra'ayin ku mai mahimmanci a cikin sashin sharhi.