Yadda ake haɓakawa daga Debian 10 zuwa Debian 11

Ga waɗanda ke son haɓakawa daga Debian 10 Buster zuwa Debian 11 Bullseye, tsarin yana da sauƙi amma yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci dangane da saurin haɗin yanar gizo. Haɓakawa a kwanakin baya ya ɗauki kusan awa ɗaya saboda jinkirin saurin saukewa daga wurin ajiyar Debian US, mai yiwuwa saboda mutane da yawa suna haɓakawa a yanzu.

Mataki na farko kafin haɓakawa shine adana kowane mahimman bayanai! Duk da yake wannan sau da yawa ba lallai ba ne, lokacin da ba a yi wa madadin ba, wani abu zai gaza kuma ya karya tsarin. Idan za a iya yin madadin/fayil ɗin tar, ana ba da shawarar sosai kafin a ci gaba.

Rarrabawa daga hanya, bari mu fara aikin haɓakawa. Da kaina, bayar da shawarar cewa a sabunta tsarin na yanzu gaba ɗaya kafin yunƙurin haɓaka haɓakawa amma wannan yana yiwuwa ba lallai bane.

Ana sabunta Debian 10 Linux

Don sabunta tsarin gaba ɗaya yana ba da umarni mai zuwa azaman tushen ko tare da mai amfani 'sudo':

# apt update
# apt upgrade
# apt full-upgrade
# apt --purge autoremove
OR
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade
$ sudo apt full-upgrade
$ sudo apt --purge autoremove

Da zarar sabuntawa ya ƙare, kuna buƙatar sake kunna tsarin don amfani da kernel da sauran sabuntawa:

$ sudo systemctl reboot

Saita Jerin Tushen APT

Yanzu lokaci ya yi da za a yi shi ne shirya tsarin don duba sabbin ma'ajiyar 'Bullseye'. Zaton fayil ɗin daidaitaccen /etc/apt/sources.list.

Da farko, tabbatar da adana fayil ɗin Source.list sannan kuyi canje-canje kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo cp -v /etc/apt/sources.list /root/
$ sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

Original /etc/apt/sources.list

Yanzu maye gurbin ainihin layin 'Buster' tare da layin masu zuwa a cikin fayil ɗin /etc/apt/sources.list zuwa 'Bullseye'kamar yadda aka gani a hoton da ke ƙasa.

deb http://mirrors.linode.com/debian bullseye main
deb-src http://mirrors.linode.com/debian bullseye main
 
deb http://mirrors.linode.com/debian-security bullseye-security/updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.linode.com/debian-security bullseye-security/updates main
 
# bullseye-updates, previously known as 'volatile'
deb http://mirrors.linode.com/debian bullseye-updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.linode.com/debian bullseye-updates main

Sabuwar fayil ɗin /etc/apt/sources.list da aka gyara.

Haɓakawa zuwa Debian 11 daga Debian 10

Mataki na gaba yanzu shine sabunta jerin fakitin da ake akwai don shigarwa.

$ sudo apt update

Da zarar abubuwan amfani sun sabunta jerin fakiti, lokaci yayi da za a fara haɓakawa daga Debian 10 zuwa Debian 11 tsari.

$ sudo apt full-upgrade

Gudun haɗin Intanet zai taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓakawa kamar yadda haɓakawa zai buƙaci kusan Gigabyte ko fiye na sabbin fakiti don saukewa.

Dangane da tsarin tsarin da kuma shigar da kunshin za a iya samun wasu abubuwan da ke buƙatar sa hannun mai amfani. Mai sakawa zai ba da damar sake kunna ayyukan kamar yadda ake buƙata idan mai amfani ya zaɓa.

Kamar yadda aka saba shigar da Debian 11, ana ba da shawarar cewa mai amfani ya bar tsarin ya gudanar da haɓakawa kuma ya duba shi lokaci-lokaci saboda wannan tsari zai ɗauki ɗan lokaci. Lokacin da ya gama, kawai sake kunna injin kuma ku ji daɗin Debian 11 a cikin duk abin mamaki!.

$ sudo systemctl reboot

Bayan sake kunnawa, tabbatar da tabbatar da haɓakawa.

$ uname -r
$ lsb_release -a

Shi ke nan! Mun sami nasarar haɓakawa zuwa Debian 11 Bullseye daga Debian 10 Buster.