Yadda ake Shigar TightVNC don Samun damar Desktops a cikin Linux


Virtual Networking Computing (VNC) wani nau'in tsarin raba nesa ne wanda ke ba da damar sarrafa duk wata kwamfuta da ke da alaƙa da intanet. Allon madannai da danna linzamin kwamfuta na iya aikawa cikin sauƙi daga wannan kwamfuta zuwa waccan. Yana taimaka wa masu gudanarwa da ma'aikatan fasaha don sarrafa sabar su da kwamfutoci ba tare da kasancewa wuri ɗaya ba a zahiri.

VNC aikace-aikace ne na buɗaɗɗen tushe wanda aka ƙirƙira a ƙarshen 1990s. Yana da zaman kanta kuma yana dacewa da Windows da Unix/Linux. Wannan yana nufin mai amfani na al'ada mai amfani da Windows na iya yin mu'amala da tsarin tushen Linux ba tare da wani hazel ba.

[Za ku iya kuma so: 11 Mafi kyawun Kayan aiki don samun damar Desktop Linux mai nisa]

Don amfani da VNC dole ne ku sami haɗin TCP/IP da abokin ciniki mai duba VNC don haɗawa zuwa kwamfutar da ke gudana ɓangaren uwar garken VNC. Sabar tana watsa kwafin nunin kwamfuta mai nisa zuwa mai kallo.

Wannan labarin yana nuna yadda ake shigar da VNC Server ta amfani da TightVNC ingantaccen sigar tsohuwar shirin VNC, tare da samun damar tebur mai nisa akan distros na tushen Debian.

Mataki 1: Shigar da Muhalli na Desktop

Idan kun shigar da ƙaramin sigar tsarin aiki, wanda ke ba da layin umarni kawai ba GUI ba. Don haka, kuna buƙatar shigar da GUI (Tsarin mai amfani da hoto) mai suna GNOME ko tebur XFCE wanda ke aiki sosai akan samun damar VNC mai nisa.

$ sudo dnf groupinstall "Server with GUI"   [On RHEL/CentOS/Fedora and Rocky Linux/AlmaLinux]
OR
$ sudo apt install xfce4 xfce4-goodies      [On Debian, Ubuntu and Mint]

Mataki 2: Shigar TightVNC Server

TightVNC software ce mai sarrafa tebur mai nisa wacce ke ba mu damar haɗi zuwa kwamfutoci masu nisa. Don shigarwa, yi amfani da umarnin yum mai zuwa kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.

$ sudo yum -y install tigervnc-server xorg-x11-fonts-Type1  [On RHEL/CentOS/Fedora and Rocky Linux/AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt install tightvncserver      [On Debian, Ubuntu and Mint]

Mataki na 3: Ƙirƙiri Mai Amfani VNC na Al'ada

Ƙirƙiri mai amfani na yau da kullun, wanda za a yi amfani da shi don haɗawa zuwa tebur mai nisa. Misali, na yi amfani da “tecmint” a matsayin mai amfani, zaku iya zaɓar sunan mai amfani na ku.

$ sudo useradd tecmint
OR
$ sudo adduser tecmint
$ sudo passwd tecmint

Mataki 4: Saita VNC Password for User

Da farko, canza zuwa mai amfani ta amfani da (su – tecmint) kuma kunna 'vncpasswd'don saita kalmar wucewa ta VNC ga mai amfani.

Lura: Wannan kalmar sirri don samun dama ga tebur na nesa na VNC ne, kuma kalmar sirri da muka ƙirƙira a mataki na 3 shine don samun damar zaman SSH.

 su - tecmint
[[email  ~]$ vncpasswd
Password:
Verify:

Umurnin da ke sama yana tambayarka don samar da kalmar sirri sau biyu kuma ya ƙirƙiri kundin adireshin .vnc a ƙarƙashin kundin adireshin gida na mai amfani tare da fayil ɗin wucewa a ciki. Kuna iya duba an ƙirƙiri fayil ɗin kalmar sirri, ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

# ls -l /home/tecmint/.vnc
-rw------- 1 tecmint tecmint 8 Jul 14 21:33 passwd

Idan kuna ƙara wani mai amfani, kawai canza zuwa mai amfani kuma ƙara kalmar sirri ta vnc tare da umarnin vncpasswd.

Mataki 5: Sanya VNC don Gnome

Anan, za mu saita TigerVNC don samun damar Gnome ta amfani da saitunan saitin mai amfani daga fayil ~/.vnc/config.

$ vim ~/.vnc/config

Ƙara saitin mai zuwa gare shi.

session=gnome
geometry=1920x1200
localhost
alwaysshared

Ma'aunin zaman yana ayyana zaman da kake son samun dama, kuma ma'aunin lissafi yana ƙara ƙudurin tebur na VNC.

Yanzu fita daga shiga mai amfani kuma komawa zuwa tushen mai amfani.

$ exit

TigerVNC ya zo tare da saitunan saitunan tsoho waɗanda ke ba ku damar taswirar mai amfani zuwa takamaiman tashar jiragen ruwa a cikin fayil /etc/tigervnc/vncserver.users:

# vim /etc/tigervnc/vncserver.users 

Fayil ɗin daidaitawa yana amfani da sigogi =. A cikin misali mai zuwa, muna sanya tashar nuni : 1 ga tecment mai amfani.

# This file assigns users to specific VNC display numbers.
# The syntax is =. E.g.:
#
# :2=andrew
# :3=lisa
:1=tecmint

Idan kana ƙara wani mai amfani, kawai saita tashar nuni zuwa : 2 sannan sunan mai amfani ya biyo baya.

Mataki na 6: Fara Sabar Tigervnc

Bayan yin duk canje-canje, gudanar da umarni mai zuwa don fara uwar garken VNC. Kafin fara zaman VNC tare da mai amfani da tecmint, bari in ba ku ƙaramin intro game da Lambobin Port da ids.

By Default VNC yana aiki akan Port 5900 da ID: 0 (wanda shine tushen mai amfani). A cikin yanayin mu, na ƙirƙiri tecmint, ravi, Navin, da avishek. Don haka, waɗannan masu amfani suna amfani da tashoshin jiragen ruwa da id's kamar haka

User's		Port's		ID's
5900		root		:0
5901		tecmint		:1
5902		ravi		:2
5903		navin		:3
5904		avishek		:4

Don haka, a nan mai amfani tecmint zai sami tashar jiragen ruwa 5901 da id kamar: 1 da sauransu. Idan ka ƙirƙiri wani mai amfani ya ce (mai amfani5) to zai sami tashar jiragen ruwa 5905 da id: 5 da sauransu ga kowane mai amfani da ka ƙirƙira.

Don farawa da kunna sabis na VNC don mai amfani da aka sanya zuwa tashar nuni : 1, shigar da:

# systemctl start [email :1 --now
# systemctl enable [email :1 --now

Kuna iya tabbatar da cewa an fara aikin VNC cikin nasara tare da:

# systemctl status [email :1

Don ba da damar shiga VNC ga sauran masu amfani, kawai maye gurbin 1 tare da lambar tashar nuni.

Mataki 7: Bude VNC Ports akan Tacewar zaɓi

Bude tashar jiragen ruwa akan iptables, Firewalld ko ufw, ce ga mai amfani (tecmint) a 5901.

# iptables -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 5901 -j ACCEPT
OR
# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=5901/tcp
OR
$ sudo ufw allow 5901/tcp

Don masu amfani da yawa, ravi, navin, da avishek. Ina buɗe tashoshin jiragen ruwa 5902, 5903, da 5904 bi da bi.

# iptables -I INPUT 5 -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp -m multiport --dports 5902:5904 -j ACCEPT
OR
# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=5902-5904/tcp
OR
$ sudo ufw allow 5901:5910/tcp

Sake kunna sabis na Iptables.

# service iptables save
# service iptables restart
Or
# firewall-cmd --reload
# systemctl restart firewalld

Mataki 8: Zazzage Client VNC

Yanzu je zuwa injin Windows ko Linux ɗin ku kuma zazzage abokin ciniki na VNC Viewer sannan ku shigar da shi a cikin tsarin ku don shiga cikin tebur.

  • Sauke VNC Viewer

Mataki 9: Haɗa zuwa Desktop Mai Nisa Ta Amfani da Client

Bayan kun shigar da abokin ciniki na VNC Viewer, buɗe shi za ku sami wani abu mai kama da allon da ke ƙasa. Shigar da adireshin IP na uwar garken VNC tare da ID na VNC (watau 1) don tecment mai amfani.

Shigar da kalmar wucewa da muka ƙirƙira tare da umarnin vncpasswd.

Shi ke nan, kun haɗa zuwa Taswirar Nesa.

[ Hakanan kuna iya son: Yadda ake samun damar Desktop VNC mai nisa daga mai binciken gidan yanar gizo ta amfani da TightVNC Java Viewer]