20 MySQL (Mysqladmin) Umurnin Gudanar da Bayanai a cikin Linux


mysqladmin amfani ne na layin umarni wanda yazo tare da sabar MySQL kuma masu gudanar da Bayanai sun yi amfani dashi don aiwatar da wasu ayyuka na MySQL cikin sauki kamar kafa kalmar sirri, canza kalmar shiga, saka idanu kan ayyukan mysql, sake shigar da gata, sake duba matsayin uwar garken dss.

A cikin wannan labarin mun tattara wasu umarni masu matukar amfani ‘mysqladmin’ waɗanda masu amfani da tsarin/rumbun adana bayanai ke amfani da su a aikinsu na yau da kullun. Dole ne ku sanya sabar MySQL akan tsarinku don yin waɗannan ayyukan.

Idan baku shigar da sabar MySQL ba ko kuma kuna amfani da tsohuwar tsohuwar uwar garken MySQL, to muna baku shawarar dukkanku ku girka ko sabunta fasalin ku ta hanyar bin labarinmu na ƙasa.

  1. Shigar da Sabis na MySQL 5.5.28 akan RHEL/CentOS/Fedora

1. Yadda ake saita MySQL Root password?

Idan kana da sabon shigarwa na uwar garken MySQL, to baya buƙatar kowane kalmar sirri don haɗa shi azaman mai amfani. Don saita kalmar sirri ta MySQL don tushen mai amfani, yi amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

# mysqladmin -u root password YOURNEWPASSWORD

2. Yadda zaka canza kalmar sirri ta MySQL?

Idan kuna son canzawa ko sabunta kalmar sirri ta MySQL, to kuna buƙatar buga umarnin mai zuwa. Misali, kace tsohuwar kalmar sirrinka itace 123456 kuma kana so ka canza ta da sabuwar kalmar sirri ce xyz123.

mysqladmin -u root -p123456 password 'xyz123'

3. Yadda zaka duba MySQL Server yake gudana?

Don gano ko sabar MySQL tana aiki kuma tana aiki, yi amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

# mysqladmin -u root -p ping

Enter password:
mysqld is alive

4. Yadda ake Binciko wacce MySQL nake aiki?

Umurnin da ke gaba yana nuna sigar MySQL tare da halin gudu na yanzu.

# mysqladmin -u root -p version

Enter password:
mysqladmin  Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.5.28, for Linux on i686
Copyright (c) 2000, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Server version          5.5.28
Protocol version        10
Connection              Localhost via UNIX socket
UNIX socket             /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Uptime:                 7 days 14 min 45 sec

Threads: 2  Questions: 36002  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 15  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 8  Queries per second avg: 0.059

5. Yadda zaka gano Matsayin uwar garken MySQL na yanzu?

Don gano halin yanzu na uwar garken MySQL, yi amfani da umarni mai zuwa. Umurnin mysqladmin yana nuna matsayin lokacin aiki tare da zaren gudana da tambayoyi.

# mysqladmin -u root -ptmppassword status

Enter password:
Uptime: 606704  Threads: 2  Questions: 36003  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 15  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 8  Queries per second avg: 0.059

6. Yadda zaka bincika halin duk MySQL Server Variable’s da darajar ta?

Don bincika duk yanayin gudana na masu canzawa da ƙimomin uwar garken MySQL, rubuta wannan umurnin. Kayan aikin zai yi kama da na ƙasa.

# mysqladmin -u root -p extended-status

Enter password:
+------------------------------------------+-------------+
| Variable_name                            | Value       |
+------------------------------------------+-------------+
| Aborted_clients                          | 3           |
| Aborted_connects                         | 3           |
| Binlog_cache_disk_use                    | 0           |
| Binlog_cache_use                         | 0           |
| Binlog_stmt_cache_disk_use               | 0           |
| Binlog_stmt_cache_use                    | 0           |
| Bytes_received                           | 6400357     |
| Bytes_sent                               | 2610105     |
| Com_admin_commands                       | 3           |
| Com_assign_to_keycache                   | 0           |
| Com_alter_db                             | 0           |
| Com_alter_db_upgrade                     | 0           |
| Com_alter_event                          | 0           |
| Com_alter_function                       | 0           |
| Com_alter_procedure                      | 0           |
| Com_alter_server                         | 0           |
| Com_alter_table                          | 0           |
| Com_alter_tablespace                     | 0           |
+------------------------------------------+-------------+

7. Yaya ake ganin duk sabar MySQL mai canzawa da Darajoji?

Don ganin duk masu canji masu gudana da ƙimar uwar garken MySQL, yi amfani da umarnin kamar haka.

# mysqladmin  -u root -p variables

Enter password:
+---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name                                     | Value                                        |
+---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+
| auto_increment_increment                          | 1                                            |
| auto_increment_offset                             | 1                                            |
| autocommit                                        | ON                                           |
| automatic_sp_privileges                           | ON                                           |
| back_log                                          | 50                                           |
| basedir                                           | /usr                                         |
| big_tables                                        | OFF                                          |
| binlog_cache_size                                 | 32768                                        |
| binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates           | OFF                                          |
| binlog_format                                     | STATEMENT                                    |
| binlog_stmt_cache_size                            | 32768                                        |
| bulk_insert_buffer_size                           | 8388608                                      |
| character_set_client                              | latin1                                       |
| character_set_connection                          | latin1                                       |
| character_set_database                            | latin1                                       |
| character_set_filesystem                          | binary                                       |
| character_set_results                             | latin1                                       |
| character_set_server                              | latin1                                       |
| character_set_system                              | utf8                                         |
| character_sets_dir                                | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/                   |
| collation_connection                              | latin1_swedish_ci                            |
+---------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------+

8. Yaya zaka bincika duk tsarin Gudanar da sabar uwar garken MySQL?

Umurnin mai zuwa zai nuna duk ayyukan da ake gudanarwa na tambayoyin bayanan MySQL.

# mysqladmin -u root -p processlist

Enter password:
+-------+---------+-----------------+---------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id    | User    | Host            | db      | Command | Time | State | Info             |
+-------+---------+-----------------+---------+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| 18001 | rsyslog | localhost:38307 | rsyslog | Sleep   | 5590 |       |                  |
| 18020 | root    | localhost       |         | Query   | 0    |       | show processlist |
+-------+---------+-----------------+---------+---------+------+-------+------------------+

9. Yaya ake ƙirƙirar Bayanai a cikin sabar MySQL?

Don ƙirƙirar sabon ɗakunan ajiya a cikin sabar MySQL, yi amfani da umarnin kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.

# mysqladmin -u root -p create databasename

Enter password:
# mysql -u root -p

Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 18027
Server version: 5.5.28 MySQL Community Server (GPL) by Remi

Copyright (c) 2000, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| databasename       |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

10. Yaya za a sauke bayanan Bayanai a cikin sabar MySQL?

Don sauke Bayanan Bayanai a cikin sabar MySQL, yi amfani da umarni mai zuwa. Za a umarce ku don tabbatar da latsa 'y'.

# mysqladmin -u root -p drop databasename

Enter password:
Dropping the database is potentially a very bad thing to do.
Any data stored in the database will be destroyed.

Do you really want to drop the 'databasename' database [y/N] y
Database "databasename" dropped

11. Yadda ake Reload/wartsakar da gata ta MySQL?

Sake shigar da umarni ya gaya wa sabar don sake shigar da teburin tallafin. Umurnin wartsakewa yana wanke dukkan tebur kuma ya sake buɗe fayilolin log.

# mysqladmin -u root -p reload;
# mysqladmin -u root -p refresh

12. Yadda ake kashe uwar garken MySQL lafiya?

Don kashe uwar garken MySQL a amince, rubuta umarnin mai zuwa.

mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown

Enter password:

Hakanan zaka iya amfani da waɗannan umarnin don farawa/dakatar da sabar MySQL.

# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

13. Wasu masu amfani da umarni na MySQL

Mai zuwa wasu umarni ne na amfani da ruwa tare da bayanin su.

  1. rlush-host: Haɗa duk bayanan rundunar daga cache host.
  2. zubar da tebur: Haɗa dukkan tebura.
  3. zane-zane: Anzubar da duk zaren cache.
  4. ja ruwa: kwashe duk bayanan bayanan.
  5. gata-gata: Sake shigar da teburin tallafi (daidai da sake loda).
  6. matsakaiciyar matsayi: Bayyana masu canjin yanayi.

# mysqladmin -u root -p flush-hosts
# mysqladmin -u root -p flush-tables
# mysqladmin -u root -p flush-threads
# mysqladmin -u root -p flush-logs
# mysqladmin -u root -p flush-privileges
# mysqladmin -u root -p flush-status

14. Yadda ake kashe Tsarin Abokin Cinikin MySQL?

Yi amfani da umarnin da ke gaba don gano tsarin aikin abokin ciniki MySQL.

# mysqladmin -u root -p processlist

Enter password:
+----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host      | db | Command | Time | State | Info             |
+----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| 5  | root | localhost |    | Sleep   | 14   |       |					 |
| 8  | root | localhost |    | Query   | 0    |       | show processlist |
+----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+

Yanzu, gudanar da umarni mai zuwa tare da kisa da aiwatar da ID kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.

# mysqladmin -u root -p kill 5

Enter password:
+----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host      | db | Command | Time | State | Info             |
+----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| 12 | root | localhost |    | Query   | 0    |       | show processlist |
+----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+

Idan kanaso ka kashe tsari da yawa, to sai ka wuce ID'ss tare da wakafi rabuwa kamar yadda aka nuna a kasa.

# mysqladmin -u root -p kill 5,10

15. Yadda ake gudanar da umarni mysqladmin da yawa tare?

Idan kuna son aiwatar da umarni 'mysqladmin' da yawa tare, to umarnin zai kasance kamar haka.

# mysqladmin  -u root -p processlist status version

Enter password:
+----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host      | db | Command | Time | State | Info             |
+----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| 8  | root | localhost |    | Query   | 0    |       | show processlist |
+----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
Uptime: 3801  Threads: 1  Questions: 15  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 15  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 8  Queries per second avg: 0.003
mysqladmin  Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.5.28, for Linux on i686
Copyright (c) 2000, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Server version          5.5.28
Protocol version        10
Connection              Localhost via UNIX socket
UNIX socket             /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Uptime:                 1 hour 3 min 21 sec

Threads: 1  Questions: 15  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 15  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 8  Queries per second avg: 0.003

16. Yadda zaka Haɗa uwar garken MySQL

Don haɗa uwar garken MySQL na nesa, yi amfani da -h (mai masaukin baki) tare da Adireshin IP na inji mai nisa.

# mysqladmin  -h 172.16.25.126 -u root -p

17. Yadda ake aiwatar da umarni akan uwar garken MySQL na nesa

Bari mu ce kuna son ganin matsayin sabar uwar garken MySQL na nesa, to umarnin zai kasance.

# mysqladmin  -h 172.16.25.126 -u root -p status

18. Yaya za'a fara/dakatar da kwafar MySQL akan sabar bawa?

Don farawa/dakatar da kwafin MySQL akan sabar salve, yi amfani da waɗannan umarnin.

# mysqladmin  -u root -p start-slave
# mysqladmin  -u root -p stop-slave

19. Yadda za a adana MySQL uwar garke cire kuskure Information to rajistan ayyukan?

Yana gaya wa uwar garke don rubuta bayanan cirewa game da makullin amfani, amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da amfani da tambaya ga fayil ɗin MySQL ɗin ciki har da bayani game da mai tsara taron.

# mysqladmin  -u root -p debug

Enter password:

20. Yadda zaka duba mysqladmin zabi da amfani

Don neman ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka da amfani da umarnin myslqadmin amfani da umarnin taimako kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa. Zai nuna jerin wadatattun zaɓuɓɓuka.

# mysqladmin --help

Munyi iya ƙoƙarinmu don haɗawa da kusan dukkan 'mysqladmin' umarni tare da misalansu a cikin wannan labarin, Idan har yanzu, ba mu rasa komai ba, da fatan za a sanar da mu ta hanyar tsokaci kuma kar a manta raba tare da abokanka.