13 Misalai na Dokar Cat a cikin Linux

Kyanwa (gajere don “concatenate”) umarni yana ɗaya daga cikin umarnin da ake amfani dasu akai-akai a cikin Linux/Unix kamar tsarin aiki. Umurnin cat yana ba mu damar ƙirƙirar fayiloli guda ɗaya ko masu yawa, duba ɗauke da fayil, haɗa fayiloli da tura fitarwa a cikin m ko fayiloli A cikin wannan labarin, zamu sami damar amfani da umarnin kyanwa tare da misalai a cikin Linux.

cat [OPTION] [FILE]...

A cikin misalin da ke ƙasa, zai nuna abinda ke ciki na/sauransu/passwd fayil.

# cat /etc/passwd

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
narad:x:500:500::/home/narad:/bin/bash

A cikin misalin da ke ƙasa, zai nuna abubuwan gwajin da gwajin1 a cikin tashar.

# cat test test1

Hello everybody
Hi world,

Za mu ƙirƙiri fayil ɗin da ake kira file test2 tare da umarnin da ke ƙasa.

# cat >test2

Yana jiran shigarwa daga mai amfani, rubuta rubutu da ake so kuma latsa CTRL + D (riƙe maɓallin Ctrl ƙasa ka rubuta 'd') don fita. Za a rubuta rubutun a cikin fayil na test2. Kuna iya ganin abun ciki na fayil tare da bin umarnin cat.

# cat test2

hello everyone, how do you do?

Idan fayil mai yawan abun ciki wanda bazai dace da tashar fitarwa ba kuma allon yana birgima da sauri, zamu iya amfani da sigogi da ƙari tare da umarnin cat kamar yadda aka nuna a sama.

# cat song.txt | more
# cat song.txt | less

Tare da -n zaɓi zaku iya ganin lambobin layi na fayil.txt a cikin tashar fitarwa.

# cat -n song.txt

1  "Heal The World"
2  There's A Place In
3  Your Heart
4  And I Know That It Is Love
5  And This Place Could
6  Be Much
7  Brighter Than Tomorrow
8  And If You Really Try
9  You'll Find There's No Need
10  To Cry
11  In This Place You'll Feel
12  There's No Hurt Or Sorrow

A cikin ƙasa, zaku iya gani tare da -e zaɓi cewa '$' yana nunawa a ƙarshen layi sannan kuma a sararin samaniya yana nuna '$' idan akwai wata tazara tsakanin sakin layi. Waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan suna da amfani don matse layuka da yawa a cikin layi ɗaya.

# cat -e test

hello everyone, how do you do?$
$
Hey, am fine.$
How's your training going on?$
$

A cikin fitowar da ke ƙasa, zamu ga sararin TAB ya cika da '‘I' hali.

# cat -T test

hello ^Ieveryone, how do you do?

Hey, ^Iam fine.
^I^IHow's your training ^Igoing on?
Let's do ^Isome practice in Linux.

A cikin misalin da ke ƙasa muna da gwajin fayiloli guda uku, test1 da test2 kuma zamu iya duba abubuwan cikin fayil ɗin kamar yadda aka nuna a sama. Muna buƙatar raba kowane fayil tare da; (rabin salo).

# cat test; cat test1; cat test2

This is test file
This is test1 file.
This is test2 file.

Zamu iya tura daidaitaccen fitowar fayil zuwa cikin sabon fayil kuma wani fayil wanda yake tare da alamar '>' (mafi girma fiye da). A hankali, abubuwan da ke cikin gwajin1 za a sake sake rubuta su ta cikin abubuwan gwajin fayil.

# cat test > test1

Endsara aiki a cikin fayil mai gudana tare da alamar '>>' (ninki biyu ya fi girma). Anan, za a saka abubuwan da ke cikin fayil ɗin gwaji a ƙarshen fayil ɗin gwajin1.

# cat test >> test1

Lokacin da kake amfani da turawa tare da daidaitaccen shigarwar '<' (kasa da alama), yayi amfani da sunan fayil test2 azaman shigarwa don umarni kuma za a nuna fitarwa a cikin tashar.

# cat < test2

This is test2 file.

Wannan zai kirkiri fayel da ake kira test3 kuma duk abin da aka fitar za'a sake jujjuya shi a cikin sabon fayil da aka kirkira.

# cat test test1 test2 > test3

Wannan zai ƙirƙiri gwajin fayil4 kuma ana fitar da fitowar umarnin cat don rarrabe kuma sakamakon za a miƙa shi a cikin sabon fayil ɗin da aka kirkira.

# cat test test1 test2 test3 | sort > test4

Wannan labarin yana nuna ƙa'idodi na asali waɗanda zasu iya taimaka muku bincika umarnin cat. Kuna iya tura shafi na mutum na umarnin cat idan kuna son sanin ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka. A cikin fitowar labari na gaba za mu rufe ƙarin umarnin cat. Da fatan za a raba shi idan kun sami wannan labarin mai amfani ta hanyar akwatin mu na sharhi da ke ƙasa.