Yadda ake ƙirƙirar ICungiyar NIC ko Haɗin gwiwa a cikin CentOS 8/RHEL 8


ICungiyar NIC ita ce tarawa ko haɗuwa da hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizo biyu ko fiye a cikin hanyar haɗi guda mai ma'ana don samar da ragi da kasancewa mai yawa. Hanyar ma'amala mai ma'ana/haɗin haɗin yanar gizo an san shi da haɗin gwiwar ƙungiya. A yayin da mahaɗan aiki na aiki ya faɗi, ɗayan maɓallan madadin ko ajiyayyun hanyoyin suna shura ta atomatik kuma suna tabbatar da haɗin haɗi zuwa sabar.

Kafin mu mirgine hannayenmu, yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar da kanka da waɗannan kalmomin masu zuwa:

  • Teamd - Wannan shine daemon mai haɗa kai da kai wanda ke amfani da ɗakin karatu na libteam don sadarwa tare da na'urori tare da kernel na Linux.
  • Teamdctl– Wannan kayan aiki ne wanda yake bawa masu amfani damar sarrafa wani misali na ƙungiya. Kuna iya dubawa da canza halin tashar jirgin ruwa, da sauyawa tsakanin ajiyar waje da jihohi masu aiki.
  • Mai gudu - Waɗannan su ne rukunin lambar da aka rubuta a cikin JSON kuma ana amfani dasu don aiwatar da wasu ra'ayoyin ƙungiyar NIC daban-daban. Misalan yanayin masu gudu sun hada da Robin Robin, Daidaita kaya, watsa shirye-shirye, da kuma ajiyar madadin.

Don wannan jagorar, za mu saita ƙungiyar NIC ta amfani da yanayin-madadin aiki. Wannan shine inda mahaɗin ɗaya ya kasance mai aiki yayin da sauran suna kan jiran aiki kuma an adana su azaman hanyoyin haɗin haɗi idan mahaɗin mai aiki ya sauka.

A wannan shafin

  • Sanya ƙungiyar Daemon a cikin CentOS
  • Sanya Nungiyar NIC a cikin CentOS
  • Gwajin Teamungiyar Networkungiyar Haɗin Gwaji
  • Share Tsarin Haɗin Gwiwar Hanyar Sadarwa

Ba tare da bata lokaci ba, bari mu fara.

Teamd shine aljanin da ke da alhakin ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar cibiyar sadarwar da za ta yi aiki azaman mai amfani da hankali yayin aiki. Ta hanyar tsoho, ana shigo da shi tare da CentOS/RHEL 8. Amma idan, saboda kowane irin dalili, ba a girka shi ba, aiwatar da umarnin dnf mai zuwa don girka shi.

$ sudo dnf install teamd

Da zarar an shigar an tabbatar da cewa an shigar da rukunin ta hanyar kunna umarnin rpm:

$ rpm -qi teamd

Don daidaita ƙungiyar NIC za mu yi amfani da kayan aikin nmcli mai sauƙi wanda za a iya amfani da su don gudanar da sabis ɗin NetworkManager. A cikin tsarina, ina da katunan NIC guda 2 waɗanda zan haɗu ko haɗewa don ƙirƙirar mahaɗan ƙungiyar ma'ana: enp0s3 da enp0s8 . Wannan na iya zama daban a wurinku.

Don tabbatar da ayyukan tsaran hanyoyin sadarwa gudu:

$ nmcli device status

Kayan aikin ya tabbatar da kasancewar haɗin cibiyar sadarwa mai aiki 2. Don tattara ƙarin bayani game da musaya kamar UUID, gudanar da umarnin:

$ nmcli connection show

Don ƙirƙirar haɗin haɗin yanar gizo ko haɗin kai, wanda zai zama haɗin haɗinmu, za mu share abubuwan haɗin yanar gizon da ke yanzu. Bayan haka za mu ƙirƙirar abubuwan da ke cikin bawa ta amfani da abubuwan da aka share sannan kuma mu haɗa su da mahaɗin haɗawa.

Amfani da UUID ɗin su na aiwatar da umarnin da ke ƙasa don share hanyoyin:

$ nmcli connection delete e3cec54d-e791-4436-8c5f-4a48c134ad29
$ nmcli connection delete dee76b4c-9alb-4f24-a9f0-2c9574747807

A wannan lokacin lokacin da kuka duba tashoshin, za ku lura cewa an cire haɗin su kuma ba su da haɗi zuwa sabar. Asali, sabar ka zata kasance rabe daga sauran hanyoyin sadarwar.

$ nmcli device status

Gaba, zamu ƙirƙiri haɗin gwiwar ƙungiya da ake kira team0 a cikin yanayin mai tsere mai aiki-madadin. Kamar yadda aka fada a baya, yanayin mai tseren mai gudu yana amfani da aiki guda ɗaya kuma yana adana wasu don sakewa idan mahaɗin aiki ya sauka.

$ nmcli connection add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 config '{"runner": {"name": "activebackup"}}'

Don duba halayen da aka sanya wa team0 dubawa suna gudanar da umarni:

$ nmcli connection show team0

Cikakke! A wannan gaba, muna da sau ɗaya kawai a sama, wanda shine maɓallin team0 kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ nmcli connection show

Na gaba, saita adireshin IP don team0 dubawa kamar yadda aka nuna ta amfani da umarnin nmcli. Tabbatar sanya IP bisa ga tsarin sadarwar ku na hanyar sadarwa da makircin magancewa.

$ nmcli con mod team0 ipv4.addresses 192.168.2.100/24
$ nmcli con mod team0 ipv4.gateway 192.168.2.1
$ nmcli con mod team0 ipv4.dns 8.8.8.8
$ nmcli con mod team0 ipv4.method manual
$ nmcli con mod team0 connection.autoconnect yes

Bayan haka, ƙirƙirar hanyoyin haɗin bawa kuma haɗa bayin zuwa mahaɗin ƙungiyar:

$ nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-slave0 ifname enp0s3 master team0
$ nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-slave1 ifname enp0s8 master team0

Duba yanayin hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizon kuma, kuma za ku lura cewa hanyoyin bawan suna aiki yanzu.

$ nmcli connection show

Na gaba, kashe kuma kunna mahaɗin ƙungiyar. Wannan yana kunna haɗin tsakanin haɗin bawan da mahaɗin ƙungiyar.

$ nmcli connection down team0 && nmcli connection up team0

Na gaba, tabbatar da yanayin haɗin haɗin ƙungiyar kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ ip addr show dev team0

Muna iya ganin cewa hanyar haɗin yanar gizo tana sama da madaidaiciyar adireshin IP ɗin da muka saita a baya.

Don dawo da ƙarin bayanai game da mahaɗin ƙungiyar, gudanar da umurnin:

$ sudo teamdctl team0 state

Daga cikin kayan aikin, zamu iya ganin duka hanyoyin guda biyu ( enp0s3 da enp0s8 ) sun tashi kuma mahaɗin mai aiki shine enp0s8 .

Don gwada yanayin haɗin aikinmu na madadin, za mu cire haɗin mahaɗin da ke aiki a halin yanzu - enp0s3 - kuma bincika ko wani mahaɗin ya shigo ciki.

$ nmcli device disconnect enp0s3
$ sudo teamdctl team0 state

Lokacin da ka bincika matsayin haɗin gwiwar haɗin gwiwa, za ka ga cewa hanyar haɗin enp0s8 ya shiga kuma yana ba da haɗin haɗi zuwa sabar. Wannan ya tabbatar da cewa saitin mu yana aiki!

Idan ana son share mahaɗin haɗin/mahaɗin kuma a koma zuwa saitunan hanyar sadarwar da aka saba, da farko saukar da haɗin haɗin:

$ nmcli connection down team0

Na gaba, share bayin.

$ nmcli connection delete team0-slave0 team0-slave1

A ƙarshe, share aikin haɗin gwiwa.

$ nmcli connection delete team0

A wannan gaba, duk hanyoyin musanyar suna ƙasa kuma ba za'a iya samun sabar ku ba. Don kunna hanyoyin sadarwar ku kuma dawo da haɗin haɗi, gudanar da umarni:

$ sudo ifconfig enp0s3 up
$ sudo ifconfig enp0s8 up
$ sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager

Nungiyar NIC tana ba da kyakkyawan mafita don sake tsarin cibiyar sadarwa. Tare da musayar hanyar sadarwa ta 2 ko sama da haka, zaku iya saita haɗin haɗin kai a cikin kowane yanayin mai gudu don tabbatar da kasancewa mai yawa a yayin taron haɗi ɗaya ya sauka ba da gangan ba. Muna fatan kun sami wannan jagorar mai amfani. Buge mu kuma bari mu san yadda kwarewarku ta kasance.