Yadda ake Shigar WordPress tare da Nginx a cikin Ubuntu 20.04


A yau, sama da 36% na yanar gizo suna gudana akan dandamali na WordPress, saboda yana ɗaya daga cikin tsarin sarrafa abun ciki mai buɗewa wanda akafi amfani dashi don ƙirƙirar gidan yanar gizo ko blog ta amfani da fasali mai ƙarfi, kyawawan ƙira, kuma sama da duka, yanci zuwa gina duk abin da kake so.

A cikin wannan labarin, zaku koyi yadda ake girka WordPress tare da Nginx webserver a cikin Ubuntu 20.04. Don shigar da WordPress, dole ne a girka dutsen LEMP akan sabar Ubuntu 20.04, in ba haka ba, duba jagorarmu:

  • Yadda Ake Shigar da LEMP Stack tare da PhpMyAdmin a cikin Ubuntu 20.04

Shigar da WordPress a cikin Ubuntu 20.04

1. Da zarar kun sami LEMP a wuri, matsa gaba don saukarwa da saita WordPress daga shafin aikinta ta amfani da umarnin wget mai zuwa.

$ wget -c http://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz

2. Lokacin da kunshin ya gama zazzagewa, cire fayil din da aka ajiye ta amfani da umurnin kwal kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ tar -xzvf latest.tar.gz

3. Yanzu kwafa abun cikin jakar wordpress a cikin jakar gidan yanar gizon ka (misali mysite.com ) wanda ya kamata a adana shi a karkashin tushen daftarin aiki na yanar gizo (/var/www/html/), kamar yadda aka nuna.

Lura cewa lokacin amfani da umarnin cp, kundin adireshin mysite.com ba dole bane ya kasance a da, za a ƙirƙira shi ta atomatik.

$ ls -l
$ sudo cp -R wordpress/ /var/www/html/mysite.com
$ sudo ls -l /var/www/html/mysite.com/

4. Na gaba, saita izini daidai a kan kundin adireshin yanar gizo /var/www/html/mysite.com . Mai amfani da yanar gizo da rukuni www-data yakamata su mallakeshi tare da karantawa, rubutawa, da aiwatar da izini.

$ sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/mysite.com
$ sudo chmod -R 775 /var/www/html/mysite.com

Irƙirar Database na WordPress don Yanar Gizo

5. WordPress yana buƙatar ɗakunan bayanai don adana bayanan gidan yanar gizo. Don ƙirƙirar ɗaya don rukunin yanar gizonku, shiga cikin harsashin MariaDB ta amfani da umarnin mysql ta amfani da zaɓi -u don samar da sunan mai amfani da -p don kalmar sirri da kuma amfani da sudo idan kuna samun dama azaman tushen mai amfani da rumbun adana bayanan.

$ sudo mysql -u root -p 
OR
$ sudo mysql -u root		#this also works for root database user

6. Da zarar ka isa ga kwatar bayanan, sai ka fitar da wadannan umarni don kirkirar bayanan gidan yanar gizon ka, mai amfani da rumbun adana bayanan sirri da kuma kalmar sirri kamar yadda aka nuna (kar ka manta da amfani da dabi'un ku maimakon\"mysite", "" mysiteadmin "da \" [ email kariya]! ”).

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE mysite;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON mysite.* TO 'mysiteadmin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY  '[email !';
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
MariaDB [(none)]> EXIT;

7. A wannan lokacin, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar fayil wp-config.php don sabon shigarwar WordPress ɗinku, inda zaku bayyana ma'anar bayanan bayanai da wasu sigogin ma. Motsa cikin tushen daftarin aiki na gidan yanar gizo /var/www/html/mysite.com kuma ƙirƙirar wp-config.php fayil daga samfurin samfurin da aka bayar ta tsohuwa.

$ cd /var/www/html/mysite.com
$ sudo mv wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php

8. Bayan ƙirƙirar fayil wp-config.php , buɗe shi don gyara.

$ sudo vim wp-config.php

Yanzu gyara saitunan haɗin bayanan bayanai (sunan tushen bayanai don WordPress, sunan mai amfani na MariaDB, da kalmar sirrin mai amfani) kamar yadda aka haskaka a cikin hoton da ke tafe, ta yadda sabon shafin yanar gizonku na WordPress zai haɗu da bayanan da kuka kirkira domin shi.

Irƙirar NGINX Virtual Server Block (VirtualHost) don Gidan yanar gizon WordPress

9. Don NGINX suyi amfani da gidan yanar gizon ku ga abokan ciniki ta amfani da sunan yankin ku (misali mysite.com ), kuna buƙatar saita toshe uwar garken kama-da-wane (kwatankwacin mai karɓar baƙi a ƙarƙashin Apache) don rukunin yanar gizonku a cikin NGINX sanyi.

Irƙiri fayil ɗin da ake kira mysite.com.conf ƙarƙashin /etc/nginx/conf.d/ shugabanci kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/mysite.com.conf

Kwafa da liƙa saitin mai zuwa a cikin fayil ɗin. Ka tuna maye gurbin mysite.com da www.mysite.com tare da sunan yankinku.

server {
        listen 80;
        listen [::]:80;
        root /var/www/html/mysite.com;
        index  index.php index.html index.htm;
        server_name mysite.com www.mysite.com;

        error_log /var/log/nginx/mysite.com_error.log;
        access_log /var/log/nginx/mysite.com_access.log;
        
        client_max_body_size 100M;
        location / {
                try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
        }
        location ~ \.php$ {
                include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
                fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
                fastcgi_param   SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        }
}

Lura: A cikin daidaitawar da ke sama, ƙimar fastcgi_pass ya kamata ya nuna zuwa soket ɗin PHP-FPM yana saurara, kamar yadda aka bayyana ta ƙimar sashin saurare a cikin/da sauransu/php/7.4/fpm/pool.d/www.conf fayil sanyi sanyi. Tsohuwar ita ce UNIX soket /run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock.

10. Abu mai mahimmanci, NGINX yakan bi duk buƙatun zuwa uwar garken da aka saba. Saboda haka, cire tsoffin fayil ɗin toshe sabarku don kunna sabon rukunin yanar gizonku da wasu rukunin yanar gizon da kuka yi niyyar saitawa akan sabar ɗaya don ɗorawa da kyau.

$ sudo rm /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
$ sudo rm /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

11. Na gaba, bincika tsarin daidaita NGINX don kowane kuskure kafin ku iya sake farawa sabis na Nginx don amfani da canje-canjen da ke sama.

$ sudo nginx -t
$ sudo systemctl restart nginx

Kammala shigarwar WordPress ta Mai shigar da Yanar gizo

12. Na gaba, kuna buƙatar kammala shigarwar WordPress ta amfani da mai saka yanar gizo. Bude burauzar yanar gizo kuma yi amfani da sunan yankinku don kewaya:

http://mysite.com/
OR
http://SERVER_IP/

Lokacin da mai shigar da yanar gizo ke lodawa, zaɓi harshen da kuka fi so don aikin shigarwa kuma danna Ci gaba.

13. Sannan cika bayanan da ake bukata game da sabon gidan yanar sadarwar ka. Wannan shine taken shafin, sunan mai amfani na gudanarwa, kalmar sirrin mai amfani, da adireshin imel. Sannan danna Shigar da WordPress. Lura cewa koyaushe zaku iya shirya wannan bayanin daga baya.

14. Bayan an gama nasarar shigar da WordPress, ci gaba don samun damar dashboard ɗin mai gudanar da gidan yanar gizon ta latsa maɓallin shiga kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin allon mai zuwa.

15. A shafin shiga na shafin mai gudanarwa, samar da sunan amfani da kalmar wucewa da aka kirkira a sama sannan ka latsa shiga, don samun damar dashboard din gudanarwa na shafin ka.

Barka da warhaka! Kunyi nasarar shigar da sabon sigar WordPress tare da NGINX a cikin Ubuntu 20.04, don fara ginin sabon rukunin yanar gizonku ko blog.

Don gudanar da kafaffen shafi, kuna buƙatar kunna HTTPS ta shigar da takardar shaidar SSL/TLS don ɓoyayyun sadarwa tare da abokan ciniki. A cikin yanayin samarwa, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da takardar shaidar ta En Encrypt kyauta ce ta atomatik, buɗe, kuma amintacce ne mafi yawa idan ba duk masu bincike na gidan yanar gizo na zamani ba. A madadin, zaku iya siyan ɗaya daga hukumar shedar kasuwanci (CA).