Yadda ake Enable HTTP/2.0 a cikin Nginx

HTTP/2 shine mizanin mizani na yarjejeniyar HTTP, shine magajin HTTP/1.1. Yana ƙara zama sananne saboda fa'idodin da yake bayarwa ga masu haɓaka yanar gizo da masu amfani gaba ɗaya. Yana bayar da ingantaccen jigilar kayayyaki don ilimin HTTP ta hanyar tallafawa duk ainihin fasalulluran HTTP/1.1 amma yana nufin ya zama mafi inganci a hanyoyi da yawa.

Akwai fasali da yawa a saman HTTP/2 waɗanda zasu ba ku ƙarin dama don inganta rukunin yanar gizo/aikace-aikace. Yana bayar da maimaita abubuwa da daidaituwa na gaskiya, mafi kyau matsi na kan layi (binary encoding), mafi fifiko, mafi kyawun hanyoyin sarrafa abubuwa, da sabon yanayin mu'amala da ake kira\"uwar garken turawa" wanda ke bawa sabar damar tura martani ga abokin ciniki./2 ya dogara ne da yarjejeniyar SPDY ta Google.

Sabili da haka, babban abin da HTTP/2 ke mayar da hankali shi ne rage cikakken lokacin loda shafin yanar gizo, don haka inganta aikin. Hakanan yana mai da hankali kan hanyar sadarwar da kuma amfani da sabar harma da tsaro saboda, tare da HTTP/2, ɓoye SSL/TLS wajibi ne.

A cikin wannan labarin, zaku koyi yadda ake kunna Nginx tare da tallafin HTTP/2 a cikin sabar Linux.

  • Shigar aiki na NGINX sigar 1.9.5 ko mafi girma, an gina shi tare da ngx_http_v2_module module.
  • Tabbatar cewa rukunin yanar gizonku yana amfani da takardar shaidar SSL/TLS, idan ba ku da ɗaya, za ku iya karɓa daga takardar shaidar hannu.

Kuna iya shigar da NGINX ko tura shi tare da tarin LEMP kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin jagororin masu zuwa:

  • Yadda ake Shigar da Nginx akan CentOS 8
  • Yadda Ake Shigar da Sabo na LEMP akan CentOS 8
  • Yadda Ake Shigar NGINX, MySQL/MariaDB da PHP akan RHEL 8
  • Yadda ake Shigar da LEMP Stack tare da PhpMyAdmin a cikin Ubuntu 20.04
  • Sanya Nginx tare da Tubalan Sabis (Masu watsa shiri na Virtual) akan Debian 10
  • Yadda ake Amfani da Nginx azaman HTTP Load Balancer a cikin Linux

Yadda ake Enable HTTP/2.0 a cikin NGINX

Idan kun shigar da NGINX, tabbatar cewa an gina shi tare da tsarin ngx_http_v2_module ta hanyar bin umarnin nan mai zuwa.

# strings /usr/sbin/nginx | grep _module | grep -v configure| sort | grep ngx_http_v2_module

Da zarar kuna da gidan yanar gizo/aikace-aikacen da NGINX ke aiki tare da HTTPS da aka ƙaddara, buɗe fayilolin sabar gidan yanar gizon ku (ko mai masaukin baki) don gyara.

# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.conf                    [On CentOS/RHEL]
$ sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com.conf    [On Ubuntu/Debian]

Kuna iya kunna tallafi na HTTP/2 ta hanyar ƙara kawai saitin http2 zuwa duk umarnin saurari kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke tafe.

listen 443 ssl http2;

Samfurin samfurin uwar garken samfurin yayi kama a ƙasa.

server {
        server_name example.com www.example.com;
        access_log  /var/log/nginx/example.com_access.log;
        error_log  /var/log/nginx/example.com_error.log;

        listen [::]:443 ssl ipv6only=on http2; # managed by Certbot
        listen 443 ssl http2; # managed by Certbot

        ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
        ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
        include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf; # managed by Certbot
        ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by Certbot    
}

Adana canje-canje a cikin fayil ɗin kuma rufe shi.

Sannan bincika tsarin daidaitawar NGINX, idan yayi daidai, sake kunna sabis na Nginx.

# nginx -t
# systemctl restart nginx

Na gaba, buɗe burauzar yanar gizo don tabbatarwa idan ana amfani da gidan yanar gizonku akan HTTP/2.

http://www.example.com

Don samun dama ga taken HTTP, kaɗa-dama a kan shafin yanar gizon da aka nuna, zaɓi Duba daga jerin zaɓuɓɓuka don buɗe kayan aikin masu haɓaka, sannan danna shafin yanar gizo, kuma sake shigar da shafin.

Duba a ƙarƙashin ladabi don ganin wanda rukunin yanar gizonku ke amfani da shi (idan ba ku ga taken ladabi ba, danna-dama a kan kowane taken a misali Suna, sannan bincika layinhantsan daga jerin don nuna shi azaman kanun labarai).

Idan rukunin yanar gizonku yana aiki a kan HTTP/1.1, a ƙarƙashin Protocol, za ku ga http/1.1 kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke gaba.

Idan yana aiki a HTTP/2, a ƙarƙashin Protocol, za ka ga h2 kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke gaba. Kuna so ku kashe maɓallin binciken don duba sabon abun cikin da ake aiki kai tsaye daga mai amfani da yanar gizo.

Shi ke nan! Don ƙarin bayani, duba takardun koyaushe na ngx_http_v2_module. Kada ku yi jinkirin yin tambayoyi ta hanyar hanyar neman amsa a ƙasa.