Hanyoyi 3 don Kirkirar bootable Ubuntu USB Startk Disk


Irƙirar bootable USB drive yana ɗayan hanyoyin da aka fi so na gwaji da girka tsarin aiki na Linux akan PC. Wannan haka yake saboda yawancin PCs na zamani ba sa zuwa da DVD drive kuma. Bugu da ari, masu tafiyar USB suna da sauƙin ɗauka kuma basu da matsala kamar CD/DVD.

Yawancin kayan aikin zane suna da yawa wanda zasu iya taimaka maka ƙirƙirar kebul na USB wanda za'a iya ɗauka. Ofaya daga cikin kayan aikin da aka fi amfani dasu shine Rufus, kayan aiki mai sauƙi amma mai inganci. Abin ba in ciki, ana samun sa ne kawai don tsarin Windows.

Abin godiya, jirgin Ubuntu tare da kayan aikinsa mai suna Startup Disk Creator. Kayan aikin yana da sauƙin amfani kuma yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar faifan USB Ubuntu wanda ba za a iya ɗauka ba cikin lokaci.

Tare da bootable Ubuntu USB drive zaka iya aiwatar da waɗannan ayyukan:

  1. Sanya Ubuntu akan PC ɗinka.
  2. Gwada teburin Ubuntu ba tare da sanya shi a rumbun kwamfutarka ba.
  3. Boot cikin Ubuntu akan wata PC ɗin kuma kuyi aiki dashi.
  4. Yi ayyukan bincike kamar gyara ko gyara ƙirar da ta ɓace.

Da wannan a zuciya, bari mu ga yadda za ku iya ƙirƙirar faifan farawa Ubuntu USB farawa.

Don wannan aikin, tabbatar da cewa kuna da abubuwan da ake buƙata masu zuwa kafin ku fara:

  • A kebul na USB - Mafi qarancin 4GB.
  • Ubuntu ISO hoto (Za mu yi amfani da Ubuntu 20.04 ISO).
  • Haɗin haɗin intanet don saukar da hoto na Ubuntu ISO - Idan ba ku da ɗaya.

A cikin wannan jagorar, zamu bincika hanyoyi guda uku waɗanda zaku iya amfani dasu don ƙirƙirar faifan farawa Ubuntu USB farawa.

  1. Yadda Ake Kirkiri Bootable Ubuntu USB Allon farawa Disk Ta Amfani da Zane Kayan aiki
  2. Yadda Ake Kirkiri Bootable Ubuntu USB Allon farawa Disk Ta amfani da Dokar ddrescue
  3. Yadda ake Kirkirar bootable Ubuntu USB Allon farawa Disk Amfani dd Command

Bari mu canza kayan aiki mu ga yadda zaka ƙirƙiri farawa Ubuntu.

Mai kirkirar faifai mai farawa shine kayan aikin Ubuntu na asali wanda yazo wanda aka sanya shi a cikin kowane fitowar Ubuntu ta zamani. Yana bawa mai amfani damar ƙirƙirar Live USB drive daga hoto na ISO hanya ce mai sauƙi amma mai sauri kuma ingantacciya.

Don ƙaddamar da maƙerin farawa Disk, danna 'Ayyukan' a saman kusurwar hagu na tebur ɗinka kuma bincika kayan aikin a cikin manajan aikace-aikacen kamar yadda aka nuna. Gaba, danna maballin 'Startup Disk Creator' don ƙaddamar da shi.

Da zarar an ƙaddamar, zaku sami taga kamar yadda aka nuna. Sashe na sama yana nuna hanyar hoton ISO, sigar fayil ɗin ISO da girmanta. Idan duk zabin suna lafiya, ci gaba da buga 'Make Startup Disk' don fara aiwatar da ƙirƙirar bootable USB drive.

Bayan haka, zaku sami sanarwar faɗakarwa suna tambayar ku ko ci gaba da ƙirƙirar ko zubar da ciki. Danna maɓallin 'Ee' don ƙaddamar da ƙirƙirar bootable drive. Bayar da kalmar sirri don tabbatarwa da fara aikin.

Kayan aikin Kirkira na farawa zai fara rubuta hoton faifai akan masarrafar USB. Wannan ya kamata kawai 'yan mintoci kaɗan don kammalawa.

Da zarar an kammala, zaku sami sanarwar sanarwa a ƙasa yana nuna cewa duk sun tafi daidai. Don gwada Ubuntu, danna maɓallin 'Test Disk'. Idan kana son ci gaba da fara amfani da bootable drive, kawai danna 'Kashe'.

Kayan aikin ddrescue sanannen kayan aikin dawo da bayanai ne wanda zaka iya amfani dasu domin dawo da bayanai daga na'urorin ajiya wadanda suka gaza kamar rumbun kwamfutoci, abubuwan koyon alkalami, da dai sauransu.

Don shigar ddrescue akan tsarin Ubuntu/Debian aiwatar da umarnin.

$ sudo apt install gddrescue

SAURARA: Ma'anar wuraren ajiya suna nufin shi azaman gddrescue. Koyaya lokacin kiran shi akan tashar amfani ddrescue.

Gaba, muna buƙatar tabbatar da ƙarar ƙarfin na'urar toshe na maɓallin USB. Don cimma wannan, yi amfani da umarnin lsblk kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa:

$ lsblk

Abubuwan da ke ƙasa yana tabbatar da cewa an nuna kebul ɗin mu ta /dev/sdb .

Yanzu yi amfani da rubutun da ke ƙasa don ƙirƙirar sandar USB mai ɗorawa.

$ sudo ddrescue path/to/.iso /dev/sdx --force -D

Misali don ƙirƙirar faifan farawa Ubuntu 20.04 mun zartar da umarnin da ke ƙasa.

$ sudo ddrescue ubuntu-20.04-beta-desktop-amd64.iso /dev/sdb --force -D

Aikin yana ɗaukar minutesan mintuna kuma bootable kebul ɗin ka zai kasance cikin shiri ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba.

Wani abu mai sauƙi da sauƙi don amfani da kayan aikin layin umarni da zaku iya amfani dasu don ƙirƙirar faifan farawa shine umarnin dd. Don amfani da kayan aikin, toshe cikin kebul na USB ɗin ku kuma gano ƙarar na'urar ta amfani da umarnin lsblk.

Na gaba, cire komputa na USB ta amfani da umarnin da ke ƙasa:

$ sudo umount /dev/sdb

Da zarar an cire kwamfutar USB, gudanar da umarnin mai zuwa:

$ sudo dd if=ubuntu-20.04-beta-desktop-amd64.iso  of=/dev/sdb bs=4M

Inda Ubuntu-20.04-beta-desktop-amd64.iso shine fayil ɗin ISO kuma bs = 4M shawara ce ta zaɓi don taimakawa hanzarta aiwatar da ƙirƙirar bootable drive.

Yanzu zaku iya fitar da kebul ɗin USB ɗinku na Live ku toshe shi zuwa kowane PC kuma ku gwada ko shigar Ubuntu.

Wannan ya kawo mu karshen wannan maudu'in. Muna fatan kun sami wannan jagorar mai amfani kuma yanzu zaku iya kirkirar bootable USB farawa disk ta amfani da duk hanyoyin da aka bayyana anan.