Yadda ake girka Desktop na Ubuntu 20.04


A ranar Alhamis, 23 ga Afrilu, 2020, Canonical Ltd, masu yin Ubuntu Linux rarraba a hukumance sun saki sigar sigar Ubuntu 20.04 mai suna\"Focal Fossa", sigar LTS ce (Dogon Taimako) bisa tsarin kernel na Linux 5.4, wanda za a samar da sabuntawar sabuntawa na tsawon shekaru 5 har zuwa Afrilu 2025 kuma zai kai ƙarshen rayuwa a 2030.

Idan kuna neman shigarwar sabar, to karanta labarinmu: Yadda ake girke Ubuntu 20.04 Server

Ubuntu 20.04 LTS jirgi tare da sabbin abubuwa da yawa, wanda ya haɗa da zaɓi na sabuwar kuma mafi girma kyauta, aikace-aikacen buɗe ido. Wasu daga cikin sanannun aikace-aikacen sun hada da sabbin fitowar GCC 9.3, Glibc 2.31, OpenJDK 11, Python 3.8.2, PHP 7.4, Ruby 2.7.0, Perl 5.30, Golang 1.13, Rustc 1.41 kuma ya zo tare da tallafi na ciki don WireGuard VPN.

Sabbin fasalulluka na tebur sun hada da sabon zane-zanen hoto (wanda aka hada shi da tambarin BIOS), sanyaya taken Yaru, GNOME 3.36, Mesa 20.0 OpenGL, BlueZ 5.53, PulseAudio 14.0 (prerelease), Firefox 75.0, Thunderbird 68.7.0, da LibreOffice 6.4 . Game da daidaitawar hanyar sadarwa, netplan yana zuwa tare da ƙarin fasali da yawa.

Hakanan, a cikin tsarin tushe, Python 3.8 shine fasalin tsoho na Python da aka yi amfani dashi, ubuntu-software an maye gurbin ta Snap Store (snap-store), azaman kayan aiki na asali don nemowa da girke fakitoci da tarko. Don ƙarin bayani game da sababbin abubuwan, duba bayanan sakin hukuma.

  • 2 GHz mai sarrafawa biyu-biyu
  • 4 GiB RAM (amma 1 GiB na iya aiki)
  • 25 GB na sararin rumbun kwamfutarka
  • VGA mai iya ɗaukar allo 1024 × 768 ƙudurin allo
  • Ko dai ɗayan biyun: CD/DVD drive ko tashar USB don mai sakawa media
  • A zabi, Samun damar Intanet yana da taimako

Ana iya saukar da hoton Ubuntu na shigarwa ISO hoto ta amfani da mahada mai zuwa don tsarin bit x64 kawai.

  1. ubuntu-20.04-desktop-amd64.iso

A cikin wannan labarin, zaku koyi yadda ake Ubuntu 20.04 LTS tare da hotunan kariyar kwamfuta. Idan kun fi son haɓakawa, karanta jagorarmu wanda ke nuna Yadda ake Haɓakawa zuwa Ubuntu 20.04 daga Ubuntu 18.04 & 19.10.

Shigarwa na Ubuntu Desktop na 20.04 LTS

1. Da zarar ka samo hoton tebur na Ubuntu 20.04, ƙirƙirar kafofin watsa labarai masu amfani ta amfani da kayan aikin Rufus ko ƙirƙirar kebul na USB wanda za a iya amfani da shi ta amfani da LiveUSB Mahalicci wanda ake kira Unetbootin.

2. Next, saka bootable DVD ko USB a cikin dace drive a kan inji. Bayan haka sai a fara kwamfutar sannan a umarci BIOS ta latsa maɓallin aiki na musamman ( F2 , F8 , F9 ko F10 ,

Da zarar BIOS ta gano kafofin watsa labarai masu ganuwa, sai ta fara aiki daga ita. Bayan nasarar nasara, mai shigarwar zai duba faifanku (tsarin fayil), latsa Ctrl + C don tsallake wannan aikin.

3. Lokacin da aikin duba faifai ya cika ko kuma idan ka soke shi, bayan secondsan dakiku, ya kamata ka ga shafin maraba na Ubuntu 20.04 kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke gaba.

Zaɓi Shigar Ubuntu.

4. Next, zabi makullin maballin ka danna Ci gaba.

5. Bayan haka, zabi abubuwanda kake son girkawa bisa tsarin shigarwa (shigarwa na al'ada ko kadan). Hakanan, bincika zaɓi don shigar da ɗaukakawa yayin aiwatar shigarwa da inda za a girka software na ɓangare na uku.

6. Yanzu zabi ainihin nau'in shigarwa. Wannan shi ne mafi yawan ɓangaren rikicewa, musamman ga sababbin masu amfani da Linux. Akwai yanayi guda biyu da zamuyi la'akari dasu anan.

Na farko ana amfani da rumbun kwamfutar da ba a raba shi ba tare da an shigar da tsarin aiki ba. Sannan abu na biyu, za mu kuma yi la'akari da yadda ake girkawa a kan rumbun kwamfutarka da aka riga aka raba (tare da OS mai kama da misali Ubuntu 18.04).

7. Don wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar saita bangarorin da hannu don haka zaɓi Wani abu kuma danna Ci gaba.

8. Yanzu kana bukatar ka raba rumbun kwamfutarka don shigarwa. Kawai zaɓa/danna kan na'urar ajiya da ba a raba ta daga lissafin wadatattun na'urorin ajiya. Sannan danna Sabon Teburin Sako.

Lura cewa mai shigarwar zai zaɓi na'urar ta atomatik wanda za'a shigar da boot-booter kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke tafe.

9. Next, danna Ci gaba daga pop-up taga don ƙirƙirar komai bangare tebur a kan na'urar.

10. Yanzu ya kamata ka sami damar ganin sararin samaniya da aka kirkira daidai da damar rumbun kwamfutarka. Danna sau biyu akan sararin kyauta don ƙirƙirar bangare kamar yadda aka bayyana a gaba.

11. Don ƙirƙirar ɓangaren tushen (/) (inda za'a shigar da fayilolin tsarin tushe), shigar da girman sabon bangare daga cikin sararin kyauta kyauta. Sannan saita kafa nau'in fayil din fayil din zuwa EXT4 da dutsen dutsen zuwa / daga jeri-jaka.

12. Yanzu sabon bangare ya kamata ya bayyana a cikin jerin bangare kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto na gaba.

13. Na gaba, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar swap/yanki. Danna sau biyu a sararin samaniya kyauta kyauta don ƙirƙirar sabon bangare don amfani dashi azaman yanki. Sannan shigar da girman swap sashi kuma saita yankin musanya kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hotonnan mai zuwa.

14. A wannan gaba, ya kamata ka ga an kirkiri bangarori biyu, tushen bangare da kuma bangaren canzawa. Gaba, danna Shigar Yanzu.

15. Za a sa ka yarda wa mai shigarwar ya rubuta canje-canje na kwanan nan game da rabuwa zuwa faifai. Danna Ci gaba don ci gaba.

16. Don wannan yanayin, zakuyi amfani da bangarorin da ke akwai, zaɓi Wani abu kuma danna Ci gaba.

17. To yakamata kaga bangarorin da kake dasu misali, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da zai biyo baya. Danna sau biyu kan bangare tare da shigarwar OS ta baya, Ubuntu 18.04 a cikin yanayinmu.

18. Na gaba, shirya bangare kuma saita girman tsarin fayil, nau'in tsarin fayil zuwa Ext4, sannan sai a zabi zabin tsari sannan a saita dutsen zuwa tushen (/) .

19. Yarda da canje-canje a cikin teburin bangare na rumbun kwamfutarka, a taga mai zuwa ta gaba ta latsa Ci gaba.

20. Yanzu ya kamata ka sami tushen da sauya bangare kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke gaba. Lura cewa mai sakawa zai gano kayan musayar ta atomatik. Don haka danna Shigar Yanzu don ci gaba.

21. Na gaba, zaɓi wurin da kake ka latsa Ci gaba.

22. Sannan samar da bayanan mai amfani da ku don tsarin lissafi. Shigar da cikakken suna, sunan komputa da sunan mai amfani, da kalmar sirri mai karfi, mai aminci kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke zuwa. Sannan danna Ci gaba.

23. Yanzu ainihin tsarin tsarin kafa zai fara kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hotonnan mai zuwa. Jira ta gama.

24. Da zarar tsarin tsarin ya kammala, sake yi tsarinka ta hanyar latsa Sake kunnawa Yanzu. Ka tuna cire cirewar kafofin watsa labarai, in ba haka ba, tsarin zai ci gaba da kora daga gare ta.

25. Bayan sake kunnawa, danna sunanku daga ƙirar da ke ƙasa.

26. Sannan shiga sabon shigarwa na Ubuntu 20.04 ta hanyar samar da madaidaicin kalmar sirri da kuka sanya yayin matakin ƙirƙirar mai amfani.

27. Bayan shiga, bi umarnin kan allo don haɗawa da asusun kan layi (ko tsallake), saita Livepatch (ko latsa Next), karɓi zaɓi don aika bayanan amfani zuwa Canonical (ko latsa Next), sannan ɗaya da kuka gani a shirye don tafiya, danna Anyi don fara amfani da tsarinka.

Barka da warhaka! Kun shigar da Ubuntu 20.04 LTS a kwamfutarka. A cikin labarinmu na gaba, zamu nuna yadda ake girka Ubuntu 20.04 LTS uwar garke. Sauke maganganun ku ta hanyar fom din da ke kasa.