Yadda ake kashe ko kunna IPv6 a cikin RHEL, Rocky & AlmaLinux

Taƙaice: Wannan jagorar tana bincika yadda ake kashe IPv6 akan rarrabawar RHEL, Rocky Linux, da AlmaLinux.

A cikin kwamfuta, akwai nau'ikan adireshin IP guda biyu; IPv4 da kuma IPv6.

IPv4 adireshi ne 32-bit wanda ya ƙunshi octets 4 wanda aka raba ta lokaci uku. Shi ne tsarin adireshin IP da aka fi amfani da shi kuma yana goyan bayan adiresoshin IP har 232. Akwai kyakkyawar dama cewa na'urarka tana amfani da adireshin IPv4 don haɗawa zuwa kowace hanyar sadarwa - waya ko mara waya.

A gefe guda, IPv6 adireshin 128-bit ne tare da octets 16. Yana da tsayi da yawa fiye da IPv4 kuma yana ba da adiresoshin IP 2128. Wannan ya kai adiresoshin IP 340 undecillion, yayin da IPv4 ke iyakance ga adiresoshin IP biliyan 4.3.

A mafi yawan lokuta, IPv4 da IPv6 suna aiki hannu da hannu ba tare da wata matsala ba. Koyaya, akwai lokutan da zaku buƙaci musaki adireshin IPv6 na ɗan lokaci, misali, lokacin da ake warware kurakuran hanyar sadarwa.

A cikin wannan jagorar, zamu nuna yadda ake kashe IPv6 akan rabawa RHEL, Rocky, da AlmaLinux.

Kashe IPv6 na dindindin akan RHEL, Rocky & AlmaLinux

A cikin wannan sashe, za mu bi ku ta yadda ake kashe IPV6 har abada. Kafin wani abu, tabbatar da cewa tsarin Linux ɗinku yana amfani da IPv6 ta amfani da umarnin ip mai zuwa kamar haka:

$ ip a | grep inet6

Daga fitarwar da ke ƙasa, zaku iya ganin cewa an kunna IPv6. Mataki na gaba shine kashe IPV6.

Za mu kashe IPv6 ta yin canje-canje ga fayil ɗin sanyi na grub.

Don haka, shiga cikin fayil ɗin saitin GRUB kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo vim /etc/default/grub

Ƙara layin da ke ƙasa a ƙarshen.

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="$GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX ipv6.disable=1"

Ajiye canje-canje kuma fita.

Don canjin da za a yi amfani da shi, muna buƙatar ƙirƙirar sabon fayil ɗin daidaitawa na GRUB. Don yin haka, gudanar da umarni:

$ sudo grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

Bugu da ƙari, samar da fayil ɗin sanyi na EFI GRUB don tsarin EFI kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/rocky/grub2.cfg

Bayan haka, sake kunna tsarin ku

$ sudo reboot

kuma, sake, duba idan IPv6 yana da tallafi.

$ ip a | grep inet6

Idan ba ku sami fitarwa ba yana nufin IPv6 yanzu an kashe.

Kashe IPv6 na ɗan lokaci akan RHEL, Rocky & AlmaLinux

Wani zaɓi shine a kashe IPv6 na ɗan lokaci, wanda za'a iya samu ta hanyar gyara fayil ɗin /etc/sysctl.conf ko ƙara fayil ɗin sanyi a cikin /etc/sysctl.d directory.

Kuna iya yin canje-canje zuwa fayil ɗin /etc/sysctl.conf ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa:

$ sudo sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1

Sannan tabbatar da cewa an kashe IPv6.

$ ip a | grep inet6

A madadin, zaku iya gyara fayil ɗin /etc/sysctl.conf da hannu.

$ sudo vim /etc/sysctl.conf

Haɗa layin masu zuwa don kashe IPv6 don duk adaftar cibiyar sadarwa.

net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1

Ajiye canje-canje kuma fita. Sannan gudanar da umarni mai zuwa don aiwatar da canje-canje.

$ sudo sysctl -p

Sake kunna IPv6 akan RHEL, Rocky & AlmaLinux

Bude /etc/default/grub fayil kuma cire shigarwar ipv6.disable=1 daga GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX kamar yadda aka nuna.

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="$GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX"

Gudun umarnin grub2-mkconfig don sabunta fayil ɗin grub.cfg:

# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

A madadin, akan tsarin UEFI, gudanar da waɗannan abubuwa:

# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/efi/EFI/redhat/grub.cfg

Tabbatar maye gurbin redhat tare da sunan rarraba ku rocky ko almalinux.

Sake kunna tsarin don kashe tallafin IPv6.

Idan kun kunna IPv6 na ɗan lokaci, kawai cire layin masu zuwa daga fayil /etc/sysctl.conf kuma sake kunna tsarin.

net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1

Sai dai in an buƙata, gabaɗaya ba a ba da shawarar kashe IPv6 akan tsarin Linux ɗin ku ba saboda yana iya haifar da batutuwa, musamman lokacin amfani da sabar DHCP wanda har yanzu ke goyan bayan IPv6.

A cikin wannan koyawa, Mun rufe hanyoyi daban-daban waɗanda zaku iya kashe IPv6 akan RHEL, Rocky, da AlmaLinux. Ana maraba da ra'ayoyin ku akan wannan jagorar.