Yadda ake Shigar da Amfani da VirtualBox a RHEL 9/8


Taƙaice: A cikin wannan koyawa, muna duban yadda ake girka VirtualBox 7.0 a cikin RHEL 9 da RHEL 8 don ƙirƙirar injunan baƙo ta amfani da fayil ɗin hoton ISO.

Oracle VM VirtualBox sanannen software ce ta kyauta kuma mai buɗe ido wacce masu son tebur ke amfani da su sosai har ma da masu kula da tsarin da masu tsara shirye-shirye don ƙirƙirar injunan ƙirƙira don dalilai daban-daban kamar gwajin tsarin aiki.

A matsayin nau'in hypervisor na 2, ana shigar da VirtualBox a saman tsarin aiki kamar Windows da Linux. Yana goyan bayan tsarin baƙo da yawa da suka haɗa da Windows, Linux, OpenBSD, Solaris, da OpenSolaris.

A halin yanzu, VirtualBox 7.0.2 shine mafi kyawun sigar VirtualBox, wanda aka saki akan 10 Oktoba 2022 kuma yana ba da fasali masu zuwa.

  • Ƙara goyon baya ga Secure Boot da TPM 1.2/2.0.
  • Taimakon EFI don Tabbataccen Boot.
  • Za a iya ƙara injunan kama-da-wane na Cloud zuwa Manajan Injin Kaya kuma ana sarrafa su azaman VM na gida.
  • Ikon rufaffen injunan ɓarna gaba ɗaya.
  • Ikon ƙara injunan kama-da-wane na Cloud zuwa Manajan Injin Kaya wanda za'a iya sarrafawa azaman VMs na gida.
  • Ƙarin na'urorin sarrafa USB na EHCI da XHCI a matsayin ɓangare na buɗaɗɗen tushen fakitin.
  • Ingantacciyar tallafin jigo ga duk dandamali.
  • Ƙarin kayan aikin GUI don lura da ƙididdiga masu aiki kamar CPU da Amfani da RAM, Disk I/O, da sauransu.

Mu fara…

Mataki 1: Bincika Ƙwarewa a cikin RHEL

Yayin da kuke tashi daga ƙasa, matakin farko shine tabbatar da ko Virtualization yana tallafawa ta CPU ɗin ku. Wannan yana da hankali tunda VirtualBox kamar sauran masu haɓakawa yana buƙatar kunna haɓakawa akan ko dai Intel ko AMD CPUs.

Don bincika ko ana samun goyon bayan Virtualization, gudanar da umarnin lscpu mai zuwa.

$ lscpu | grep -i virtualization

Virtualization:             VT-x Virtualization type: full

Daga abin da aka nuna, mun ga cewa an kunna Virtualization akan CPU ɗinmu tare da fasahar Intel Virtualization wanda aka nuna ta amfani da umarnin VT-x.

Idan babu fitarwa, to kuna buƙatar kunna tallafin Virtualization daga saitunan BIOS.

Mataki 2: Kunna EPEL Repo a cikin RHEL

Ana buƙatar ƴan abubuwan dogaro don shigar da VirtualBox don ci gaba da gudana ba tare da matsala ba. Kafin kayi haka, da farko, shigar da ma'ajiyar EPEL.

------------ On RHEL 9 ------------ 
$ sudo dnf install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-9.noarch.rpm -y

------------ On RHEL 8 ------------
$ sudo dnf install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-8.noarch.rpm -y

Na gaba, shigar da abubuwan dogaro kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo dnf update -y
$ sudo dnf install binutils kernel-devel kernel-headers libgomp make patch gcc glibc-headers glibc-devel dkms -y

Mataki 3: Sanya VirtualBox 7.0 a cikin RHEL

Don shigar da sabon sigar Oracle VM VirtualBox, muna buƙatar shigar da shi daga ma'ajiyar VirtualBox na hukuma.

Don ƙara ma'ajiyar VirtualBox, gudanar da umarni:

$ sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo=https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/rpm/el/virtualbox.repo

Na gaba, shigo da maɓallin VirtualBox GPG kamar haka.

$ sudo  rpm --import https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc

Tare da ma'ajiyar VirtualBox da maɓallin GPG da aka shigo da su, yanzu zaku iya shigar da VirtualBox ta amfani da mai sarrafa fakitin dnf. Kafin yin haka, zaku iya ɗaukar ɗan lokaci kuma bincika samuwar VirtualBox kamar yadda aka nuna:

$ sudo dnf search virtualbox

Daga fitarwar da ke sama, zaku iya ganin nau'ikan VirtualBox guda biyu ana ba da su ta wurin ajiyar kuɗi. Tunda manufar mu shine shigar da sabuwar sigar VirtualBox, gudanar da umarni mai zuwa:

$ sudo dnf install VirtualBox-7.0 -y

Tabbatar ƙara mai amfani da shiga cikin ƙungiyar vboxusers ta amfani da umarni masu zuwa.

$ sudo usermod -aG vboxusers $USER
$ newgrp vboxusers

Mataki na 4: Sanya Fakitin Tsawaita Akwatin Virtual a RHEL

Don tsawaita ayyukan VirtualBox, ana ba da shawarar shigar da fakitin tsawo na VirtualBox, wanda kunshin software ne wanda ke haɓaka hulɗa tare da baƙon ku ko injunan kama-da-wane.

A kallo, fakitin tsawo yana ba da ƙarin fasali masu zuwa.

  • Amfani da na'urar USB a cikin mahallin ku (USB 2.0 da USB 3.0).
  • Kwafi da Manna rubutu tsakanin mai watsa shiri da injina.
  • Rufe Hotunan Disk.
  • Amfani da kyamarar gidan yanar gizo akan injin kama-da-wane.
  • da sauransu.

Don shigar da VirtualBox Extension Pack, ziyarci umarnin wget na hukuma kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ wget https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/7.0.2/Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-7.0.2.vbox-extpack

Sa'an nan, gina kernel modules kamar haka.

$ sudo /sbin/vboxconfig

Na gaba, shigar da fakitin tsawo na VirtualBox kamar haka.

$ sudo VBoxManage extpack install Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-7.0.2.vbox-extpack

Tabbatar karantawa da karɓar sharuɗɗan lasisi kuma latsa 'Y'.

A ƙarshe an shigar da VirtualBox. Don ƙaddamar da shi, yi amfani da Manajan aikace-aikacen don bincika shi kuma buɗe shi. Mai sarrafa Oracle VM VirtualBox zai buɗe kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa. Daga nan, zaku iya ƙirƙira da sarrafa injunan kama-da-wane.

Mataki 5: Ƙirƙiri Injin Farko a RHEL

A cikin wannan sashe, za mu nuna yadda ake ƙirƙirar injin kama-da-wane ta amfani da fayil ɗin hoton ISO. Hoton ISO da za mu yi amfani da shi shine fayil ɗin Ubuntu 20.04 LTS.

Don farawa tare da ƙirƙirar injin kama-da-wane danna kan 'Sabo' kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.

Tabbatar samar da duk cikakkun bayanan injin kama-da-wane. Wannan ya haɗa da sunan VM, wurin na'ura mai mahimmanci, da hoton ISO na OS. Na gaba, saka girman ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da adadin CPUs don rarraba zuwa tsarin ku kuma danna 'Na gaba'.

Za ku ƙirƙiri rumbun kwamfyuta mai rumfa daga karce ko amfani da fayil ɗin rumbun kwamfyuta wanda ya rigaya ya kasance. Tun da muna ƙirƙirar sabon injin kama-da-wane daga hoton ISO, za mu zaɓi zaɓi na farko - 'Ƙirƙiri Hard Disk Yanzu'.

Hakanan, jin daɗin daidaita girman diski ta hanyar zamewa mai nuni baya da gaba don nuna girman faifan da kuka fi so.

A ƙarshe, zaku sami taƙaitaccen duk saitunan da kuka zaɓa don na'urar ku. Idan kun gamsu, danna 'Gama', in ba haka ba, koma baya kuma ku yi canje-canjen da ake buƙata.

Da zarar an ƙirƙira, VM zai bayyana a sashin hagu kamar yadda aka nuna. VirtualBox ya cika da ɗimbin saituna waɗanda zasu iya taimaka muku sarrafa VM ɗinku da kyau. Don samun dama ga saitunan injin kama-da-wane, danna gunkin 'Saituna'.

Za a nuna sashin 'Saituna' kamar yadda aka nuna tare da zaɓi na sigogi waɗanda za a iya gyara su a gefen hagu.

Anan, zaku iya zaɓar don daidaita saituna biyu. Misali, don daidaita adadin masu sarrafa CPU, danna 'System'> 'Processor'. Anan, zaku iya tantance adadin CPUs ta hanyar jan mai nuni tare da darjewa. Hakanan zaka iya danna don kunna fasalin PAE/NIX.

Da zarar kun gama, danna 'Ok'.

Hakanan, zaku iya yin canje-canje ga saitunan hanyar sadarwa. Misali, zaku iya canza adaftar cibiyar sadarwar tsoho daga ‘NAT’ zuwa ‘Bridged Adapter’, ‘Internal’, ‘ Adaftar Mai watsa shiri kawai’, da sauransu.

Da zarar kun gamsu da saitunan da aka yi, kunna injin kama-da-wane, ta danna 'Fara'. Tagan injin kama-da-wane zai buɗe kuma daga wannan lokacin, zaku iya fara shigar da tsarin aikin ku.

Mataki 6: Shigar da Ƙarin Baƙi na VirtualBox a cikin RHEL

Ƙarin baƙi na VirtualBox ƙarin guda ne na software waɗanda suka zo tare da kwafin VirtualBox na ku. Sun ƙunshi direbobin na'urori da aikace-aikacen tsarin da ke haɓaka aikin injin ɗin ku.

Don shigar da ƙarin baƙo, kewaya zuwa Na'urori -> Saka Hoton CD na Ƙarfafa Baƙo.

Shi ke nan don wannan jagorar. Mun rufe yadda ake shigar da Oracle VirtualBox akan RHEL 9/8 kuma mun nuna yadda ake ƙirƙirar injin kama-da-wane kuma mun samar da ƙarin hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa kan yadda ake shigar da ƙarin baƙi na VirtualBox.