Yadda ake Shigar da Amfani da VirtualBox 7.0 a AlmaLinux


Taƙaice: A cikin wannan jagorar, za mu bincika yadda ake shigar da VirtualBox 7.0 a cikin AlmaLinux 9 da AlmaLinux 8 rabawa don ƙirƙirar injin kama-da-wane baƙo ta amfani da fayil ɗin hoton ISO.

A halin yanzu mallakar Oracle kuma yana kula da shi, Oracle VM VirtualBox shine ɗayan mashahurin dandamali na buɗe tushen tushen gani na duniya wanda ke baiwa masu amfani damar ƙirƙirar injunan kama-da-wane daga kayan aikin kwamfuta.

VirtualBox wani nau'in hypervisor ne na 2, wanda ke nuna cewa an sanya shi a saman OS na yanzu kamar Windows ko Linux don ƙirƙirar Layer abstraction wanda ke kwaikwayon kayan masarufi kamar CPU, RAM, da ajiya, Ta yin hakan, yana ba da damar. masu amfani don ƙirƙirar kayan aikin kama-da-wane da aka sani da baƙo ko injunan kama-da-wane.

VirtualBox yana goyan bayan tsarin baƙo da yawa da suka haɗa da Windows, Linux, OpenBSD, Solaris, da OpenSolaris.

A lokacin rubuta wannan jagorar, VirtualBox 7.0.2 shine sigar kwanan nan, wanda aka saki akan 10 Oktoba 2022 kuma ya zo tare da manyan ci gaba masu zuwa.

  • Sabon mayen shigarwa na VM tare da zaɓin 'baƙi OS shigarwa' wanda ba a kula da shi ba' don sauƙaƙe ingantaccen aikin aiki.
  • Ƙara tallafin 3D bisa DirectX 11 (da DXVK akan tsarin da ba na Windows ba).
  • Taimakon EFI don Tabbataccen Boot.
  • Amintaccen Boot da tallafin TPM 1.2/2.0.
  • Cikakken boye-boye na faifai don injunan baƙo.
  • Haɗin na'urorin EHCI da XHCI USB a matsayin ɓangare na buɗaɗɗen tushen fakitin tushe.
  • Ƙara GUI mai amfani don sa ido kan ƙididdiga masu aiki kamar RAM da Amfanin CPU, Disk I/O, da sauransu.
  • Za a iya ƙara injunan kama-da-wane na Cloud zuwa Manajan Injin Kaya kuma ana sarrafa su azaman VM na gida.

Don ƙarin cikakken jerin duk abubuwan da aka bayar, Bincika bayanan sakin Virtualbox.

Mataki 1: Bincika Ƙwararru a AlmaLinux

A matsayin abin da ake buƙata don shigar da kowane hypervisor, kuna buƙatar samun Intel ko AMD CPU tare da kunna haɓakawa. Don haka, kafin wani abu, tabbatar da idan an kunna kama-da-wane.

Don yin haka, gudanar da umarnin lscpu mai zuwa:

$ lscpu | grep -i virtualization

Fitowa mai zuwa yana tabbatar da cewa tsarinmu yana sanye da fasahar Intel Virtualization wanda umarnin VT-x ke nunawa.

Virtualization:             VT-x
Virtualization type:        full

Bayan an tabbatar da cewa tsarin ku yana goyan bayan kama-da-wane, ci gaba zuwa mataki na gaba.

Idan fitarwar ba ta nuna wani tallafi na zahiri ba, to kuna buƙatar kunna shi daga saitunan BIOS don kunna haɓakawa.

Mataki 2: Kunna EPEL Repo a cikin AlmaLinux

Ana buƙatar wasu mahimman abubuwan dogaro don shigarwa ya ci gaba da sauƙi. Amma da farko, tabbatar da shigar da ma'ajiyar EPEL kamar haka.

$ sudo dnf install epel-release -y

Da zarar an gama shigarwa, shigar da abin dogara kamar haka.

$ sudo dnf install dkms kernel-devel kernel-headers gcc perl bzip2 wget curl make -y

Kernel-devel kunshin ci gaba ne don gina kayan kwaya don dacewa da kwaya. Yana ba da kanun kernel da makefiles don gina kayayyaki a kan kwaya.

Sigar kernel-devel da aka shigar zai bambanta da nau'in kernel akan tsarin ku.

Kuna iya tabbatar da hakan ta hanyar aiwatar da umarni masu zuwa:

$ rpm -q kernel-devel
$ uname -r

Don warware rashin daidaituwa tsakanin nau'ikan biyu, sabunta tsarin.

$ sudo dnf update -y

Sannan sake kunna tsarin

$ sudo reboot

Har yanzu, tabbatar da cewa sigar ci gaba ta kernel-devel ta dace da kernel Linux.

Mataki 3: Sanya VirtualBox 7.0 a cikin AlmaLinux

Don shigar da sabuwar sigar VirtualBox, muna buƙatar ƙara ma'ajiyar VirtualBox na hukuma kamar haka.

$ sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo=https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/rpm/el/virtualbox.repo

Kuna iya jera duk nau'ikan VirtualBox waɗanda ma'ajiya ta tanadar kamar haka.

$ dnf search virtualbox

Daga fitarwa, za ku iya ganin cewa an samar da VirtualBox 7.0 ta wurin ajiya.

Don shigar da VirtualBox 7.0, gudanar da umarni mai zuwa:

$ sudo dnf install virtualBox-7.0 -y

Umurnin yana shigar da VirtualBox 7.0 tare da sauran abubuwan dogaro.

Mataki na 4: Shigar Fakitin Tsawaita Akwatin Akwati a cikin AlmaLinux

Fakitin Extension na VirtualBox fakiti ne wanda ke haɓaka ainihin aikin VirtualBox kuma yana ba da ƙarin ayyuka kamar:

  • Kwafi da liƙa rubutu zuwa kuma daga mai masaukin baki.
  • Amfani da na'urar USB a cikin mahallin ku (USB 2.0 da USB 3.0).
  • Amfani da kyamarar gidan yanar gizo akan tsarin baƙo.
  • Rufe hoton diski.
  • da sauransu.

Don shigar da VirtualBox Extension Pack, kan gaba zuwa umarnin wget na hukuma kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ wget https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/7.0.2/Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-7.0.2.vbox-extpack

Na gaba, gina kernel modules kamar haka.

$ sudo /sbin/vboxconfig

Na gaba, shigar da fakitin tsawo na VirtualBox kamar haka.

$ sudo VBoxManage extpack install Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-7.0.2.vbox-extpack

Shiga cikin lasisin mai amfani kuma yarda da sharuɗɗan lasisi ta hanyar buga y kuma latsa ENTER.

A wannan gaba, an shigar da VirtualBox. Don fara amfani da shi, yi amfani da Manajan Aikace-aikacen don bincika shi kuma danna Oracle VM Virtualbox don ƙaddamar da Oracle VM Virtualbox Manager kamar yadda aka nuna.

Mataki 5: Ƙirƙiri Injin Farko a AlamLinux

A cikin wannan sashe, za mu nuna yadda ake ƙirƙirar injin kama-da-wane ta amfani da fayil ɗin hoton ISO. Muna da fayil ɗin Mint ISO na Linux da aka ajiye a gida akan tsarin mu na AlmaLinux.

Don farawa tare da ƙirƙirar injin kama-da-wane danna kan 'Sabo' kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.

Wannan yana ƙaddamar da mayen shigar da injin kama-da-wane. Tabbatar cika duk cikakkun bayanai ciki har da sunan injin kama-da-wane, hanya zuwa VM, da hoton ISO, kuma danna 'Na gaba'.

Jawo faifai don zaɓar girman ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da aka fi so da adadin CPUs. Sannan danna 'Next'.

Na gaba, saka madaidaicin ƙarfin faifan diski kuma danna 'Next'.

Za a tanadar muku taƙaitaccen duk saitunan da kuka zaɓa. Idan duk yayi kyau, danna 'Gama', in ba haka ba, danna 'Baya' kuma kuyi canje-canjen da suka dace.

Da zarar ka danna 'Gama' za a nuna injin kama-da-wane a gefen hagu kamar yadda aka nuna. Don fara injin kama-da-wane, danna maɓallin 'Fara'.

Bayan 'yan daƙiƙa kaɗan, injin kama-da-wane zai buɗe kuma za a nuna menu na GRUB na OS ɗin ku. Daga can, zaku iya ci gaba da shigar da OS ɗin ku.

Mataki 6: Virtual Machine Saituna

VirtualBox yana ba da ɗimbin zaɓuɓɓuka don taimaka muku yin tweaks da yawa waɗanda zasu taimaka muku mafi kyawun sarrafawa da samun mafi kyawun injin ku.

Don duba saitunan da aka bayar, danna maɓallin 'Settings'.

A gefen hagu na gefen hagu, za ku ga jerin zaɓuɓɓuka waɗanda za ku iya tweak. Misali, zaɓin 'System' yana ba ku damar daidaita sigogin tsarin daban-daban kamar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, adadin CPUs, odar taya, ƙarin fasali, da haɓakawa.

Danna shafin 'Processor' don canza adadin masu sarrafawa.

Zaɓin 'Nuni' yana ba ku damar daidaita ƙwaƙwalwar Bidiyo da sauran zaɓuɓɓukan hoto.

A cikin 'Network' sashe, za ka iya ƙara ko cire kama-da-wane adaftan kazalika da canza nau'in Adafta don amfani.

Mataki 7: Shigar da Ƙarin Baƙi na VirtualBox a cikin AlmaLinux

Ƙarin baƙi na VirtualBox ƙarin guda ne na software waɗanda suka zo haɗe tare da kwafin VirtualBox na ku. Suna ba da ƙarin fasaloli waɗanda ke haɓaka aiki & aikin na'urar ku.

Don shigar da ƙari na baƙo, kewaya zuwa Na'urori -> Saka Hoton CD na Ƙarin Baƙi.

A cikin wannan koyawa, mun nuna yadda ake shigar da VirtualBox 7.0 akan AlmaLinux 8/9. Bugu da kari, mun bincika yadda ake ƙirƙirar injin kama-da-wane, tweak daban-daban saituna, kuma a ƙarshe yadda ake samun mafi kyawun injin baƙo ta hanyar shigar da ƙarin baƙi na VirtualBox.