Yadda ake Shigar da Stratis don Gudanar da Ma'ajiyar Gida ta Layi a RHEL 8


Stratis shine ɗayan sabbin abubuwan da ke jigilar tare da rarraba RHEL 8. Stratis wani bayani ne na kula da adana cikin gida wanda ke mai da hankali kan sauki da ingantaccen amfani yayin kuma a lokaci guda yana samar da damar yin amfani da abubuwan adana abubuwan ci gaba. Yana amfani da tsarin fayil na XFS kuma yana ba ku damar samun damar haɓaka ajiya mai ci gaba kamar:

    Tattalin Arziƙi
  • Fayil din tsarin hoto
  • Tiering
  • Gudanar da tushen tafki
  • Kulawa

Ainihin, Stratis shine wurin ajiyar ajiya wanda aka ƙirƙira daga ɗaya ko fiye diski na gida ko ɓangarorin faifai. Stratis yana taimaka wa mai gudanar da tsarin kafa da sarrafa hadaddun tsarin ajiya.

Kafin mu ci gaba, bari mu dan duba wasu kalmomin fasaha da za ku ci karo da su yayin da muke tafiya:

  • tafki: Wajan wanka yana da kayan aiki guda ɗaya ko fiye. Adadin girman tafkin daidai yake da jimillar na'urorin toshewa.
  • blockdev: Kamar yadda kuke tsammani wannan yana nufin toshe na'urori kamar su ɓangarorin faifai.
  • Tsarin fayil: Tsarin fayil shine tsarin da aka tanada wanda bashi da cikakken daidaitaccen girman. Girman ainihin tsarin fayil yana girma yayin da aka ƙara bayanai. Stratis yana haɓaka girman tsarin fayiloli ta atomatik yayin da girman bayanai ya kusanci girman tsarin fayil ɗin.

Block na'urorin da zaku iya amfani dasu tare da Stratis sun haɗa da:

  1. LVM Mahimmancin Mahimmanci
  2. LUKS
  3. SSDs (Statewararrun Stateasashen Jiha)
  4. Mapper Multipath Mapper Na'ura
  5. iSCSI
  6. HDli (Hard Disk Drives)
  7. mdraid
  8. Na'urorin ajiyar NVMe

Stratis yana ba da kayan aikin software guda biyu:

  • Stratis-cli: Wannan kayan aikin layin umarni ne wanda ke jigila tare da Stratis.
  • Stratisd daemon: Wannan shine aljani wanda yake ƙirƙira da sarrafa abubuwan toshewa kuma yana taka rawa wajen samar da DBUS API.

Yadda ake Shigar Stratis akan RHEL 8

Bayan duba menene Stratis kuma ya ayyana terminan maganganu. Yanzu bari mu girka kuma saita Stratis akan RHEL 8 rarraba (kuma yana aiki akan CentOS 8).

Bari mu ga yadda zaka girka Stratis akan tsarin RHEL 8 naka, shiga azaman tushen mai amfani kuma aiwatar da umarnin.

# dnf install stratisd stratis-cli

Don neman ƙarin bayani game da abubuwan kunshin da aka shigar ana gudanar da umurnin.

# rpm -qi stratisd stratis-cli

Bayan nasarar shigarwa na Stratis, fara sabis ɗin ta hanyar aiwatar da umarni.

# systemctl enable --now stratisd

Don bincika matsayin Stratis, gudanar da umarnin.

# systemctl status stratisd

Don ƙirƙirar gidan wanka na Stratis kuna buƙatar toshe na'urorin da basa amfani dasu ko ɗora su. Hakanan, ana ɗauka cewa sabis ɗin Stratisd yana sama da aiki. Bugu da kari, toshe na'urorin da zakuyi amfani dasu sun zama akalla 1 GB a girma.

A tsarinmu na RHEL 8, muna da ƙarin na'urorin toshe huɗu: /dev/xvdb , /dev/xvdc , /dev/xvdd , < lambar>/dev/xvde . Don nuna na'urorin toshewa, gudanar da umarnin lsblk.

# lsblk

Babu ɗayan waɗannan na'urori masu toshe kayan da zai sami teburin bangare. Kuna iya tabbatar da wannan ta amfani da umarni.

# blkid -p /dev/xvdb

Idan baku sami fitarwa ba, to wannan yana nufin cewa na'urorin toshiyarwarku basu da teburin ɓangaren zama akan su. Koyaya, idan har akwai teburin bangare, zaku iya share shi ta amfani da umarnin:

# wipefs -a /<device-path>

Kuna iya ƙirƙirar gidan wanka na Stratis daga na'urar toshe ɗaya ta amfani da rubutun.

# stratis pool create <pool-name> <block-device>

Misali don ƙirƙirar tafki daga /dev/xvdb gudanar da umurnin.

# stratis pool create my_pool_1 /dev/xvdb

Don tabbatar da ƙirƙirar tafkin gudu.

# stratis pool list

Don ƙirƙirar wurin wanka daga na'urori da yawa, yi amfani da rubutun da ke ƙasa tare da lissafa duk na'urorin kan layi ɗaya.

# stratis pool create <pool_name> device-1 device-2 device-n

Don ƙirƙirar tafki daga /dev/xvdc , /dev/xvdd da /dev/xvde suna tafiyar da umarnin.

# stratis pool create my_pool_2 /dev/xvdc /dev/xvdd/ /dev/xvde

Har yanzu, jera wuraren waha da ke akwai ta amfani da umarnin.

# stratis pool list

A wannan lokacin, ya kamata ku sami wuraren waha 2: my_pool_1 da_pool_2.

Kamar yadda kake gani a sama, filin diski mai wuya wanda aka mamaye shi ta pool my_pool_2 sau uku ne na na farkon tafkin da muka kirkira daga na'urar toshe ɗaya kawai tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar 10GB.

Bayan ƙirƙirar tsarin fayilolinku, zaku iya ƙirƙirar tsarin fayil daga ɗayan tafkunan ta amfani da rubutun.

# stratis fs create <poolname> <filesystemname>

Misali, don kirkirar filesystem-1 da fileystem-2 daga my_pool_1 da my_pool_2 bi da bi suna gudanar da umarni:

# stratis fs create my_pool_1 filesystem-1
# stratis fs create my_pool_2 filesystem-2

Don duba sababbin fayilolin fayiloli, gudanar da umurnin.

# stratis fs list

Don rage sakamakon tsarin fayil zuwa tafki ɗaya, gudanar da umarnin:

# stratis fs list <poolname>

Misali, don bincika tsarin fayiloli a cikin my_pool_2 gudanar da umurnin.

# stratis fs list my_pool_2

Yanzu, idan kuna tafiyar da umarnin lsblk, fitarwa yakamata yayi kama da samfurin samfurin da ke ƙasa.

# lsblk

Yanzu zamu hau kan tsarin fayilolin da muke dasu don samun damar su. Na farko, ƙirƙirar wuraren hawa.

Don tsarin fayil a cikin tafkin farko, gudanar da umarnin:

# mkdir /data
# mount /stratis/my_pool_1/filesystem-1 /data

Don tsarin fayiloli na biyu a cikin tafki na biyu, gudanar da umurnin.

# mkdir /block
# mount /stratis/my_pool_2/filesystem-2 /block

Don tabbatar da kasancewar abubuwan hawa na yanzu gudu df umurnin:

# df -Th | grep  stratis

Cikakke! Muna iya gani sarai cewa abubuwan da muke hawa suna nan.

Abubuwan hawa da muka ƙirƙira ba zasu iya rayuwa sake sakewa ba. Don sanya su dagewa, fara samun UUID na kowane tsarin fayiloli:

# blkid -p /stratis/my_pool_1/filesystem-1
# blkid -p /stratis/my_pool_2/filesystem-2

Yanzu ci gaba da kwafe UUID's da hawa zaɓuɓɓukan aya zuwa/sauransu/fstab kamar yadda aka nuna.

# echo "UUID=c632dcf5-3e23-46c8-82b6-b06a4cc9d6a7 /data xfs defaults 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
# echo "UUID=b485ce80-be18-4a06-8631-925132bbfd78 /block xfs defaults 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab

Ga tsarin don yin rajistar sabon tsari yana gudanar da umarnin:

# systemctl daemon-reload

Don tabbatar da daidaitawar aiki kamar yadda ake tsammani, ɗora fayilolin fayiloli.

# mount /data
# mount /block

Don cire tsarin fayil, kuna buƙatar, da farko, buɗe fayil ɗin fayil ɗin kamar yadda aka nuna.

# umount /mount-point

A wannan yanayin, za mu sami.

# umount /data

Don lalata tsarin fayiloli, yi amfani da ginin kalma:

# stratis filesystem destroy <poolname> <filesystem-name>

Don haka, zamu sami:

# stratis filesystem destroy my_pool_1 filesystem-1

Don tabbatar da cirewar fayil ɗin, ba da umarnin.

# stratis filesystem list my_pool_1

Daga fitarwa, zamu iya gani sarai cewa an share tsarin fayil ɗin da ke hade da my_pool_1.

Kuna iya ƙara faifai a cikin wurin wanka na yanzu ta amfani da umarnin:

# stratis pool add-data <poolname> /<devicepath>

Misali, don ƙara ƙarin faifai /dev/xvdf , zuwa my_pool_1, gudanar da umarnin:

# stratis pool add-data my_pool_1 /dev/xvdf

Ka lura cewa girman my_pool_1 yana da girma sau biyu bayan an ƙara ƙarin ƙarar.

Snaauki hoto ɗan gajeren karatu ne kuma yana rubuta kwafin tsarin fayil a wani lokaci lokaci.

Don ƙirƙirar hoto, kunna umarnin:

# stratis fs snapshot <poolname> <fsname> <snapshotname>

A wannan yanayin, umarnin zai kasance:

# stratis fs snapshot my_pool_2 filesystem-2 mysnapshot

Kuna iya ɗaukaka sifar bayanan - & # 36 (kwanan wata +% Y-% m-% d) zuwa hoton hoto ƙara alamar kwanan wata kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.

Don tabbatar da ƙirƙirar hoto, gudanar da umarnin:

# stratis filesystem list <poolname>

A wannan yanayin, umarnin zai kasance:

# stratis filesystem list my_pool_2

Don sake dawo da tsarin fayilolin Stratis zuwa hoto da aka ƙirƙira a baya, da farko, buɗewa da lalata asalin tsarin fayil ɗin.

# umount /stratis/<poolname>/filesystem

A cikin yanayinmu, wannan zai kasance.

# umount /stratis/my_pool_2/filesystem-2

Sannan ƙirƙirar kwafin hoto ta amfani da tsarin fayil na asali:

# stratis filesystem snapshot <poolname> filesystem-snapshot filesystem

Umurnin zai kasance:

# stratis filesystem snapshot my_pool_2 mysnapshot-2019-10-24 block

A ƙarshe, hau hoton hoto.

# mount /stratis/my-pool/my-fs mount-point

Don cire hoton hoto, da farko, zazzage hoton.

# unmount /stratis/my_pool_2/mysnapshot-2019-10-24

Gaba, ci gaba da halakar hoto:

# stratis filesystem destroy my_pool_2 mysnapshot-2019-10-24

Don cire gidan wanka na Stratis, bi matakai masu sauƙi a ƙasa.

1. Rubuta tsarin fayiloli da suke cikin wurin wanka.

# stratis filesystem list <poolname>

2. Na gaba, zazzage dukkan fayilolin fayiloli a cikin tafkin.

# umount /stratis//filesystem-1
# umount /stratis//filesystem-2
# umount /stratis//filesystem-3

3. Rushe tsarin fayiloli.

# stratis filesystem destroy <poolname> fs-1 fs-2

4. Kuma a sa'an nan, rabu da waha.

# stratis pool destroy poolname

A wannan yanayin, rubutun zai kasance.

# stratis pool destroy my_pool_2

Kuna iya sake tabbatar da jerin wuraren waha.

# stratis pool list

A ƙarshe, cire shigarwar a cikin/etc/fstab don tsarin fayiloli.

Mun zo karshen jagorar. A cikin wannan koyawa, muna ba da haske kan yadda zaku iya girka da amfani da Stratis don sarrafa ajiyar gida mai rufi akan RHEL. Muna fatan kun same shi da amfani. Ba shi harbi kuma bari mu san yadda abin ya kasance.