Hanyoyi 5 masu Amfani don Yin Lissafi a cikin Linux Terminal


A cikin wannan labarin, za mu nuna muku hanyoyi daban-daban masu amfani na yin lissafin lissafi a cikin tashar Linux. A ƙarshen wannan labarin, za ku koyi ainihin hanyoyi daban-daban masu amfani na yin lissafin lissafi a cikin layin umarni.

Bari mu fara!

1. Amfani da Bash Shell

Hanya ta farko kuma mafi sauƙi don yin lissafi na asali akan Linux CLI shine ta amfani da baka biyu. Ga wasu misalan inda muke amfani da ƙimar da aka adana a cikin masu canji:

$ ADD=$(( 1 + 2 ))
$ echo $ADD
$ MUL=$(( $ADD * 5 ))
$ echo $MUL
$ SUB=$(( $MUL - 5 ))
$ echo $SUB
$ DIV=$(( $SUB / 2 ))
$ echo $DIV
$ MOD=$(( $DIV % 2 ))
$ echo $MOD

2. Yin amfani da umurnin expr

Umurnin expr yana kimanta maganganu kuma yana buga ƙimar da aka bayar zuwa daidaitaccen fitarwa. Za mu dubi hanyoyi daban-daban na amfani da expr don yin lissafi mai sauƙi, yin kwatanta, ƙara darajar ma'auni da gano tsawon kirtani.

Wadannan su ne wasu misalan yin lissafi mai sauƙi ta amfani da umurnin expr. Lura cewa yawancin masu aiki suna buƙatar kuɓuta ko a nakalto su don harsashi, misali ma'aikacin * (zamu duba ƙarin a ƙarƙashin kwatanta kalmomi).

$ expr 3 + 5
$ expr 15 % 3
$ expr 5 \* 3
$ expr 5 – 3
$ expr 20 / 4

Na gaba, za mu rufe yadda ake kwatance. Lokacin da magana ta kimanta zuwa ƙarya, expr zai buga ƙimar 0, in ba haka ba yana buga 1.

Bari mu kalli wasu misalai:

$ expr 5 = 3
$ expr 5 = 5
$ expr 8 != 5
$ expr 8 \> 5
$ expr 8 \< 5
$ expr 8 \<= 5

Hakanan zaka iya amfani da umarnin expr don ƙara darajar ma'auni. Dubi misalin da ke gaba (haka ma za ku iya rage darajar ma'auni).

$ NUM=$(( 1 + 2))
$ echo $NUM
$ NUM=$(expr $NUM + 2)
$ echo $NUM

Bari kuma mu kalli yadda ake gano tsawon kirtani ta amfani da:

$ expr length "This is linux-console.net"

Don ƙarin bayani musamman kan ma'anar ma'aikatan da ke sama, duba shafin expr man:

$ man expr

3. Amfani da umurnin bc

bc (Basic Calculator) kayan aiki ne na layin umarni wanda ke ba da duk fasalulluka da kuke tsammani daga ma'aunin kimiyya ko lissafi mai sauƙi. Yana da amfani musamman don yin lissafi mai iyo.

Idan ba a shigar da umarnin bc ba, zaku iya shigar da shi ta amfani da:

$ sudo apt install bc   #Debian/Ubuntu
$ sudo yum install bc   #RHEL/CentOS
$ sudo dnf install bc   #Fedora 22+

Da zarar an shigar, za ku iya gudanar da shi a cikin yanayin mu'amala ko kuma ba tare da haɗin gwiwa ba ta hanyar ba da hujja zuwa gare shi - za mu kalli shari'ar biyu. Don gudanar da shi ta hanyar mu'amala, rubuta umarnin bc akan umarni da sauri kuma fara yin wasu lissafi, kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ bc 

Misalai masu zuwa suna nuna yadda ake amfani da bc ba tare da haɗin gwiwa ba akan layin umarni.

$ echo '3+5' | bc
$ echo '15 % 2' | bc
$ echo '15 / 2' | bc
$ echo '(6 * 2) - 5' | bc

Ana amfani da tutar -l zuwa ma'auni na asali (lambobi bayan maki goma) zuwa 20, misali:

$ echo '12/5 | bc'
$ echo '12/5 | bc -l'

4. Amfani da Awk Command

Awk yana ɗaya daga cikin fitattun shirye-shiryen sarrafa rubutu a cikin GNU/Linux. Yana goyan bayan ƙari, ragi, ninkawa, rarrabuwa, da ma'aikatan lissafi na modulus. Hakanan yana da amfani don yin lissafi mai iyo.

Kuna iya amfani da shi don yin lissafi na asali kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ awk 'BEGIN { a = 6; b = 2; print "(a + b) = ", (a + b) }'
$ awk 'BEGIN { a = 6; b = 2; print "(a - b) = ", (a - b) }'
$ awk 'BEGIN { a = 6; b = 2; print "(a *  b) = ", (a * b) }'
$ awk 'BEGIN { a = 6; b = 2; print "(a / b) = ", (a / b) }'
$ awk 'BEGIN { a = 6; b = 2; print "(a % b) = ", (a % b) }'

Idan kun kasance sababbi ga Awk, muna da cikakkun jerin jagororin don fara ku da koyon sa: Koyi Kayan Aikin sarrafa Rubutun Awk.

5. Amfani da Factor Command

Ana amfani da umarnin factor don lalata lamba zuwa manyan dalilai. Misali:

$ factor 10
$ factor 127
$ factor 222
$ factor 110  

Shi ke nan! A cikin wannan labarin, mun bayyana hanyoyi daban-daban masu amfani na yin lissafi a cikin tashar Linux. Jin kyauta don yin kowace tambaya ko raba kowane tunani game da wannan labarin ta hanyar amsawar da ke ƙasa.