Yadda ake Shigar da Amfani da Chrony a cikin Linux


Chrony shine sassauƙan aiwatar da ka'idar Time Protocol (NTP). Ana amfani da shi don daidaita agogon tsarin daga sabar NTP daban-daban, agogon tunani ko ta hanyar shigar da hannu.

Hakanan ana iya amfani da uwar garken NTPv4 don samar da sabis na lokaci ga wasu sabar a cikin hanyar sadarwa iri ɗaya. Ana nufin yin aiki ba tare da aibu ba a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban kamar haɗin yanar gizo na tsaka-tsaki, hanyoyin sadarwa masu nauyi, canjin yanayin zafi wanda zai iya shafar agogon kwamfutoci na yau da kullun.

Chrony ya zo da shirye-shirye guda biyu:

  • chronyc – dubawar layin umarni don chrony
  • chronyd - daemon wanda za'a iya farawa a lokacin taya

A cikin wannan koyawa za mu nuna muku yadda ake girka da amfani da Chrony akan tsarin Linux ɗin ku.

Sanya Chrony a cikin Linux

A wasu tsarin, ana iya shigar da chrony ta tsohuwa. Har yanzu idan kunshin ya ɓace, zaku iya shigar dashi cikin sauƙi. ta amfani da tsoffin kayan aikin sarrafa fakitin akan rarrabawar Linux ɗinku ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

# yum -y install chrony    [On CentOS/RHEL]
# apt install chrony       [On Debian/Ubuntu]
# dnf -y install chrony    [On Fedora 22+]

Don duba halin chronyd yi amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

# systemctl status chronyd      [On SystemD]
# /etc/init.d/chronyd status    [On Init]

Idan kana son kunna chrony daemon akan taya, zaku iya amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

 
# systemctl enable chronyd       [On SystemD]
# chkconfig --add chronyd        [On Init]

Duba Aiki tare na Chrony a cikin Linux

Don bincika idan da gaske yana aiki tare, za mu yi amfani da tsarin layin umarni chronyc, wanda ke da zaɓin bin diddigin wanda zai samar da bayanan da suka dace.

# chronyc tracking

Fayilolin da aka jera suna ba da bayanai masu zuwa:

  • Id na Magana - ID da sunan da ake daidaita kwamfutar zuwa yanzu.
  • Stratum - adadin hops zuwa kwamfuta tare da agogon nuni a haɗe.
  • Lokaci Ref - wannan shine lokacin UTC wanda aka yi ma'aunin ƙarshe daga tushen ma'auni.
  • Lokacin tsarin - jinkirin agogon tsarin daga uwar garken aiki tare.
  • Kasa ta ƙarshe - ƙididdigewa na sabuntawar agogon ƙarshe.
  • RMS diyya - matsakaicin dogon lokaci na ƙimar kashewa.
  • Mitar - wannan shine adadin da agogon tsarin zai yi kuskure idan chronyd ba ya gyara shi. Ana bayar da shi a cikin ppm (bangare a kowace miliyan).
  • Sauran freq – saura mitar ya nuna bambanci tsakanin ma'auni daga tushen tunani da mitar da ake amfani da ita a halin yanzu.
  • Skew - kiyasin kuskuren da aka danganta da mitar.
  • Tsarin tushen – jimillar hanyar hanyar sadarwa tana jinkirta zuwa kwamfutar stratum, daga inda ake daidaita kwamfutar.
  • Matsayin tsalle - wannan shine matsayin tsalle wanda zai iya samun ɗayan dabi'u masu zuwa - al'ada, saka na biyu, share na biyu ko a'a daidaita shi.

Don bincika bayanai game da tushen chrony, zaku iya ba da umarni mai zuwa.

# chronyc sources

Sanya Chrony a cikin Linux

Fayil ɗin daidaitawa na chrony yana samuwa a /etc/chrony.conf ko /etc/chrony/chrony.conf da samfurin sanyi fayil na iya yin kama da wani abu kamar haka:

server 0.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 1.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 2.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 3.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst

stratumweight 0
driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift
makestep 10 3
logdir /var/log/chrony

Tsarin da ke sama yana ba da bayanai masu zuwa:

  • uwar garken – wannan umarnin ana amfani da shi don kwatanta sabar NTP don daidaitawa daga.
  • stratumweight - nawa ya kamata a ƙara nisa ta kowane stratum zuwa tushen daidaitawa. Tsohuwar ƙimar ita ce 0.0001.
  • driftfile - wuri da sunan fayil ɗin da ke ɗauke da bayanan drift.
  • Makestep - wannan umarnin yana haifar da jinkiri don gyara kowane lokaci a hankali ta hanyar sauri ko rage agogo kamar yadda ake buƙata.
  • logdir - hanyar zuwa fayil ɗin log na chrony.

Idan kana son taka agogon tsarin nan da nan kuma yin watsi da duk wani gyare-gyare da ake ci gaba, za ka iya amfani da wannan umarni:

# chronyc makestep

Idan ka yanke shawarar dakatar da jinkiri, zaka iya amfani da umarni masu zuwa.

# systemctl stop chrony          [On SystemD]
# /etc/init.d/chronyd stop       [On Init]

Wannan nunin nuni ne na mai amfani na zamani da kuma yadda za'a iya amfani da shi akan tsarin Linux ɗin ku. Idan kuna son bincika ƙarin cikakkun bayanai game da na yau da kullun, yi bitar daftarin aiki na zamani.