Yadda ake Sanya MongoDB akan Ubuntu 18.04


MongoDB buɗaɗɗen tushe ne, tsarin sarrafa bayanan daftarin aiki na zamani wanda aka ƙera don tsayin dakawar bayanan aiki, yawan samuwa, gami da sikeli ta atomatik, dangane da fasahar zamani ta NoSQL. Ƙarƙashin MongoDB, rikodin takarda ne, wanda shine tsarin bayanai wanda ya ƙunshi nau'i-nau'i na fili da ƙima (Takardun MongoDB suna kwatankwacin abubuwan JSON).

Saboda yana ba da babban aiki da manyan fasalulluka, ana amfani da shi don gina aikace-aikacen zamani waɗanda ke buƙatar mahimman bayanai masu mahimmanci, manufa da wadatar bayanai.

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bayyana yadda ake shigar da MongoDB, sarrafa sabis da saitin ingantaccen tabbaci akan Ubuntu 18.04.

Muhimmi: Ya kamata ku lura cewa masu haɓaka MongoDB kawai suna ba da fakiti don 64-bit LTS (goyan bayan dogon lokaci) sakin Ubuntu kamar 14.04 LTS (amincewa), 16.04 LTS (xenial), da sauransu.

Mataki 1: Shigar da MongoDB akan Ubuntu 18.04

1. Ma'ajiyar fakitin software na Ubuntu ya zo tare da sabon sigar MongoDB, kuma ana iya shigar dashi cikin sauƙi ta amfani da mai sarrafa fakitin APT.

Da farko sabunta cache fakitin software na tsarin don samun mafi sabbin sigar lissafin ma'ajiyar.

$ sudo apt update

2. Na gaba, shigar da kunshin MongoDB wanda ya ƙunshi wasu fakiti da yawa kamar su mongo-tools, mongodb-clients, mongodb-server da mongodb-server-core.

$ sudo apt install mongodb

3. Da zarar kun yi nasarar shigar da shi, sabis ɗin MongoDB zai fara ta atomatik ta hanyar tsarin kuma tsarin yana saurare akan tashar jiragen ruwa 27017. Kuna iya tabbatar da matsayinsa ta amfani da umurnin systemctl kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo systemctl status mongodb

Mataki 2: Sarrafa Sabis na MongoDB

4. Shigar da MongoDB ya zo azaman sabis na tsarin kuma ana iya sarrafa shi cikin sauƙi ta hanyar daidaitattun umarnin tsarin kamar yadda aka nuna.

Don dakatar da gudanar da sabis na MongoDB, gudanar da umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo systemctl stop mongodb	

Don fara sabis na MongoDB, rubuta umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo systemctl start mongodb

Don sake kunna sabis na MongoDB, rubuta umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo systemctl restart mongodb	

Don musaki farawa ta atomatik sabis na MongoDB, rubuta umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo systemctl disable mongodb	

Don sake kunna sabis na MongoDB, rubuta umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo systemctl enable mongodb	

Mataki na 3: Kunna damar MongoDB mai nisa akan Tacewar zaɓi

5. Ta hanyar tsoho MongoDB yana gudana akan tashar jiragen ruwa 27017, don ba da damar shiga daga duk inda za ku iya amfani da su.

$ sudo ufw allow 27017

Amma ba da damar shiga MongoDB daga ko'ina yana ba da damar shiga bayanai mara iyaka. Don haka, yana da kyau a ba da dama ga takamaiman adireshin IP zuwa tashar tashar MongoDB ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo ufw allow from your_server_IP/32 to any port 27017 
$ sudo ufw status

6. Ta hanyar tsoho tashar jiragen ruwa 27017 tana sauraron adireshin gida 127.0.0.1 kawai. Don ba da damar haɗin MongoDB mai nisa, kuna buƙatar ƙara adireshin IP na uwar garken zuwa /etc/mongodb.conf fayil ɗin sanyi kamar yadda aka nuna.

bind_ip = 127.0.0.1,your_server_ip
#port = 27017

Ajiye fayil ɗin, fita daga editan kuma sake kunna MongoDB.

$ sudo systemctl restart mongodb

Mataki 4: Ƙirƙiri Tushen User Database na MongoDB da Kalmar wucewa

7. Ta hanyar tsoho MongoDB ya zo tare da naƙasasshen tantance mai amfani, don haka ya fara ba tare da ikon shiga ba. Don ƙaddamar da harsashi na mongo, gudanar da umarni mai zuwa.

$ mongo 

8. Da zarar ka jona da mongo shell, za ka iya jera duk samuwa bayanai tare da wannan umarni.

> show dbs

9. Don ba da damar ikon samun dama akan tura MongoDB don tilasta tabbatarwa; suna buƙatar masu amfani su gane kansu a duk lokacin da suka haɗa zuwa uwar garken bayanai.

MongoDB yana amfani da Injin Tabbataccen Amsar Kalubalen Gishiri (SCRAM) ta hanyar tsohuwa. Ta amfani da SCRAM, MongoDB yana tabbatar da bayanan mai amfani da aka kawo akan sunan mai amfani, kalmar sirri da kuma bayanan tantancewa (ma'ajin da aka ƙirƙiri mai amfani a ciki, tare da sunan mai amfani, yana aiki don gano mai amfani).

Kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar mai gudanar da mai amfani (mai kama da tushen mai amfani a ƙarƙashin MySQL/MariaDB) a cikin bayanan gudanarwa. Wannan mai amfani zai iya sarrafa mai amfani da ayyuka kamar ƙirƙira masu amfani, ba da kyauta ko soke matsayi daga masu amfani, da ƙirƙira ko gyara ayyukan kwastan.

Da farko canza zuwa bayanan admin, sannan ƙirƙirar tushen mai amfani ta amfani da bin umarni.

> use admin 
> db.createUser({user:"root", pwd:"[email !#@%$admin1", roles:[{role:"root", db:"admin"}]})

Yanzu fita harsashi na mongo don ba da damar tantancewa kamar yadda bayani na gaba.

10. An fara misalin mongodb ba tare da zaɓin layin umarni na --auth ba. Kuna buƙatar ba da damar tantance masu amfani ta hanyar gyara /lib/systemd/system/mongod.service fayil, fara buɗe fayil ɗin don gyarawa kamar haka.

$ sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/mongodb.service 

Ƙarƙashin ɓangaren saitin [Service], nemo siga ExecStart.

ExecStart=/usr/bin/mongod --unixSocketPrefix=${SOCKETPATH} --config ${CONF} $DAEMON_OPTS

Canza shi zuwa mai zuwa:

ExecStart=/usr/bin/mongod --auth --unixSocketPrefix=${SOCKETPATH} --config ${CONF} $DAEMON_OPTS

Ajiye fayil ɗin kuma fita dashi.

11. 8. Bayan yin canje-canje ga fayil ɗin sanyi, gudanar da 'systemctl daemon-reload'don sake kunna raka'a kuma sake kunna sabis na MongoDB kuma duba matsayinsa kamar haka.

$ systemctl daemon-reload
$ sudo systemctl restart mongodb	
$ sudo systemctl status mongodb	

12. Yanzu lokacin da kake ƙoƙarin haɗi zuwa mongodb, dole ne ka tabbatar da kanka a matsayin mai amfani da MongoDB. Misali:

$ mongo -u "root" -p --authenticationDatabase "admin"

Lura: Ba a ba da shawarar shigar da kalmar wucewa ta layin umarni ba saboda za a adana shi a cikin fayil ɗin tarihin harsashi kuma mai hari zai iya duba shi daga baya.

Shi ke nan! MongoDB buɗaɗɗen tushe ne, tsarin sarrafa bayanai na No-SQL na zamani wanda ke ba da babban aiki, babban samuwa, da ƙima ta atomatik.

A cikin wannan labarin, mun bayyana yadda ake shigarwa da farawa da MongoDB a cikin Ubuntu 18.04. Idan kuna da wata tambaya, yi amfani da fom ɗin sharhin da ke ƙasa don isa gare mu.