Shigar Nginx, MariaDB, PHP da PhpMyAdmin a cikin Ubuntu 18.04

Tarin LEMP ya ƙunshi Nginx (lafazir Injiniya X), MySQL/MariaDB da fakitin PHP/Python da aka sanya akan tsarin Linux, kuma an saita su don yin aiki tare azaman tsarin ɗaukar gidajen yanar gizo da aikace-aikace da ƙari. A cikin wannan jagorar, za mu nuna yadda ake shigar LEMP da sabuwar phpMyAdmin a cikin Ubuntu 18.04.

PhpMyAdmin kyauta ne, buɗaɗɗen tushe, shahararre kuma aikace-aikacen tushen yanar gizo mai fahimta don gudanar da MySQL da MariaDB database, wanda ke goyan bayan ayyuka da yawa.

Yana da fasaloli da yawa don sarrafa bayananku kawai daga mahaɗin yanar gizo. Yana ba ku damar shigo da fitar da bayanai ta nau'i-nau'i daban-daban, sarrafa sabar sabar da yawa, gina hadaddun tambayoyi ta amfani da Query-by-misali (QBE), ƙirƙirar zane-zane na shimfidar bayanai na ku ta nau'i daban-daban, da ƙari mai yawa.

  1. Ƙaramar Shigar uwar garken Ubuntu 18.04.
  2. Shigar da sabar ta hanyar zaman SSH.
  3. Tsarin tushen tushen ko amfani da umarnin sudo don gudanar da duk umarni.

A cikin wannan labarin, zamuyi bayanin yadda ake shigar da tarin LEMP tare da PhpMyAdmin a cikin Ubuntu 18.04.

Mataki 1: Sanya Nginx Web Server akan Ubuntu 18.04

1. Da farko fara da sabunta fakitin software ɗinku sannan ku shigar da Nginx, buɗaɗɗen tushe, sabar gidan yanar gizo mai sauri da aiki mai girma, ma'aunin nauyi da kuma jujjuya proxy tare da sauƙin fahimtar harshe daidaitawa.

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install nginx

2. Da zarar kun shigar da shi, sabis ɗin Nginx yakamata ya fara ta atomatik kuma za'a kunna shi don farawa a lokacin taya, zaku iya bincika idan yana aiki kuma yana gudana.

$ sudo systemctl status nginx

3. Idan kuna da wutan wuta yana kunna kuma yana aiki akan tsarin ku, yakamata ku buɗe tashar jiragen ruwa 80 (HTTP) da 443 (HTTPS) don ba da izinin buƙatun abokin ciniki zuwa sabar gidan yanar gizo ta Nginx, kuma ku sake shigar da dokokin Tacewar zaɓi.

$ sudo ufw allow 80/tcp
$ sudo ufw allow 443/tcp
$ sudo ufw reload

4. Na gaba, gwada idan an shigar da kunshin Nginx cikin nasara kuma yana aiki lafiya, rubuta wannan URL a cikin burauzar yanar gizon ku.

http://domain_name/
OR
http://SERVER_IP/

Idan kun ga tsohuwar shafin yanar gizon Nginx, yana nufin shigarwar ku yana aiki lafiya.

Mataki 2: Sanya MariaDB akan Ubuntu 18.04

5. Na gaba shigar MariaDB tsarin sarrafa bayanai.

$ sudo apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client

6. Bayan shigarwa na MariaDB, sabis ɗin ya kamata ya fara ta atomatik kuma zaka iya tabbatar da shi ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo systemctl status mysql

7. Na gaba, tabbatar da shigarwar MariaDB ta hanyar gudanar da rubutun tsaro wanda ya zo tare da kunshin.

$ sudo mysql_secure_installation

Sannan shigar da yes/y zuwa tambayoyin tsaro masu zuwa:

  • Shin saitin kalmar sirri? [Y/n]: y
  • Cire masu amfani da ba a san su ba? (Latsa y|Y don Ee, kowane maɓalli don A'a): y
  • A hana tushen shiga daga nesa? (Latsa y|Y don Ee, kowane maɓalli don A'a): y
  • Cire bayanan gwaji da samun dama gare shi? (Latsa y|Y don Ee, kowane maɓalli don A'a): y
  • Sake ɗorawa teburin gata yanzu? (Latsa y|Y don Ee, kowane maɓalli don A'a): y

Mataki 3: Sanya PHP akan Ubuntu 18.04

8. PHP sanannen yaren rubutun gefen sabar ne da ake amfani da shi don samar da abun ciki mai ƙarfi akan gidajen yanar gizo. Kuna iya shigar da PHP, PHP-FPM da sauran kayayyaki don haɓaka gidan yanar gizo ta amfani da umarni mai biyowa (tsohuwar sigar a cikin ajiyar Ubuntu shine PHP 7.2).

$ sudo apt install php php-fpm php-common php-mysql php-gd php-cli

9. Bayan shigar PHP, sabis ɗin PHP7.2-FPM shima yakamata ya fara kai tsaye, zaku iya tabbatar da sabis ɗin ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo systemctl status php7.2-fpm

10. Na gaba, saita PHP-FPM yadda ya kamata don hidimar aikace-aikacen yanar gizo na tushen PHP ko rukunin yanar gizo, a cikin fayil ɗin sanyi /etc/php/7.2/fpm/php.ini.

$ sudo vim /etc/php/7.2/fpm/php.ini

Nemo ;cgi.fix_pathinfo=1 kuma canza shi zuwa mai zuwa.

cgi.fix_pathinfo=0

11. Sa'an nan kuma saita PHP-FPM don aiwatar da rubutun PHP a cikin Nginx tsoho toshe fayil ɗin sanyi (/etc/nginx/sites-available/default).

$ sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

Rarraba sashin daidaitawa da ke ƙasa don wuce rubutun PHP zuwa uwar garken FastCGI.

location ~ \.php$ {
            include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
        	fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
}

Bayan yin canje-canje, sake kunna php7.2-fpm da sabis na nginx don amfani da canje-canjen kwanan nan.

$ sudo systemctl restart php7.2-fpm
$ sudo systemctl restart nginx

12. Yanzu zaku iya gwada saitin PHP ɗinku ta hanyar ƙirƙirar shafin info.php mai sauƙi a cikin tushen takaddun sabar yanar gizon ku, tare da wannan umarni guda ɗaya.

$ echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" | sudo tee /var/www/html/info.php

13. Bayan haka, buɗe mashigar yanar gizo, kuma shigar da kowane URL mai zuwa don duba shafin bayanan php.

http://domain_name/info.php
OR
http://SERVER_IP/info.php

Mataki 4: Sanya PhpMyAdmin akan Ubuntu 18.04

14. A ƙarshe shigar da PhpMyAdmin don gudanar da bayanan MySQL/MariaDB daga jin daɗin gidan yanar gizo.

$ sudo apt install phpmyadmin

A yayin aiwatar da shigarwar kunshin, za a nemi ku zaɓi sabar gidan yanar gizon da yakamata a saita ta atomatik don gudanar da phpMyAdmin. Nginx baya cikin jerin sabar yanar gizo, kawai danna maɓallin TAB kuma danna Shigar.

15. Na gaba, shigar da kalmar sirri don MySQL don ƙirƙirar bayanai don phpmyadmin.

16. A wannan lokacin aikin shigarwa na phpmyadmin ya kamata ya cika. Kuna iya samun dama ga hanyar haɗin phpMyAdmin a cikin burauzar ku ta hanyar ƙirƙirar alamar alamar.

$ sudo ln -s  /usr/share/phpmyadmin /var/www/html/phpmyadmin

Domin fayil ɗin phpmyadmin index.php ne, kuma tabbatar da cewa kun ƙara shi zuwa jerin fayilolin fihirisa, a cikin tsoho na toshe fayil ɗin uwar garken uwar garken /etc/nginx/sites-available/default, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke biyo baya.

index index.php index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;

17. Na gaba, saita izini masu dacewa akan tushen tushen tushen phpmyadmin don hana samun damar yin kuskure.

$ sudo chmod 775 -R /usr/share/phpmyadmin/
$ sudo chown root:nginx -R /usr/share/phpmyadmin/

18. Yanzu, daga mai binciken gidan yanar gizo, rubuta URL mai zuwa don samun damar PhpMyAdmin.

http://domain_name/phpmyadmin
OR
http://SERVER_IP/phpmyadmin

Sannan tantancewa a cikin phpMyAdmin ta amfani da MySQL/MariaDB tushen sunan mai amfani da kalmar wucewa, kuma ji daɗi.

Lura: Idan tushen shiga ya kasa (saboda yana buƙatar sudo farawa daga MySQL 5.7), kuna iya buƙatar ƙirƙirar sabon asusun mai amfani don samun damar harsashin mariadb ta amfani da tushen asusun daga tashar tashar.

$ sudo mysql -u root -p

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER 'admin'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '[email !#254tecmint';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'admin'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Yanzu yi amfani da sababbin takaddun shaida don sake shiga cikin PhpMyAdmin don gudanar da bayanan MySQL na ku.

Don tabbatar da mahaɗin yanar gizon ku na PhpMyAdmin, duba wannan labarin: Nasiha 4 masu fa'ida don Kiyaye Interface na yanar gizo na PhpMyAdmin.

Shi ke nan! A cikin wannan labarin, mun bayyana yadda ake saita tari na LEMP tare da sabon PhpMyAdmin a cikin Ubuntu 18.04. Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi, sanar da mu ta hanyar amsa tambayoyin da ke ƙasa.