10 wanda ke ba da umarnin Misalai don Linux Newbies
A cikin labarinmu na farko, mun bayyana hanyoyi 11 don nemo bayanan asusun mai amfani da bayanan shiga cikin Linux. Ɗaya daga cikin umarni daban-daban da muka ambata shine wanda ke ba da umarni wanda ke nuna masu amfani waɗanda a halin yanzu suke shiga cikin tsarin Linux, gami da tashoshin da suke haɗawa daga.
Wannan labarin zai bayyana wasu misalai masu amfani na waɗanda ke ba da umarni ga sababbin sababbin Linux.
Mahimmin ƙa'idar aiki don amfani da wane umarni shine kamar haka.
$ who who [OPTION]... [ FILE | ARG1 ARG2 ]
1. Idan kayi amfani da wanda ke ba da umarni ba tare da wata gardama ba, zai nuna bayanan asusun (sunan mai amfani, sunan mai amfani, tashar mai amfani, lokacin shiga da kuma mai amfani da mai amfani ya shiga daga) akan tsarinka kwatankwacin wanda aka nuna a cikin mai zuwa. fitarwa.
$ who ravi tty1 2018-03-16 19:27 tecmint pts/0 2018-03-16 19:26 (192.168.56.1) root pts/1 2018-03-16 19:27 (192.168.56.1)
2. Don buga taken ginshiƙan da aka nuna, yi amfani da tutar -H kamar yadda aka nuna.
$ who -H NAME LINE TIME COMMENT ravi tty1 2018-03-16 19:27 tecmint pts/0 2018-03-16 19:26 (192.168.56.1) root pts/1 2018-03-16 19:27 (192.168.56.1)
3. Don buga sunayen shiga da jimlar adadin masu amfani, yi amfani da tutar -q.
$ who -q ravi tecmint root # users=3
4. Idan kuna son nuna sunan mai masauki da mai amfani da ke da alaƙa da stdin kawai, yi amfani da maɓallin -m.
$ who -m tecmint pts/0 2018-03-16 19:26 (192.168.56.1)
5. Na gaba, don ƙara matsayin saƙon mai amfani kamar +, - ko ?, yi amfani da zaɓin -T.
$ who -T ravi + tty1 2018-03-16 19:27 tecmint + pts/0 2018-03-16 19:26 (192.168.56.1) root + pts/1 2018-03-16 19:27 (192.168.56.1)
Wanda ya ba da umarnin kuma yana taimaka muku don duba wasu bayanan tsarin masu amfani kamar lokacin taya na ƙarshe, runlevel na yanzu (manufa ƙarƙashin systemd), buga matattun matakai da kuma hanyoyin da aka haifar ta hanyar init.
6. Don duba lokacin boot na ƙarshe, yi amfani da alamar -b kuma ƙara zaɓin -u yana ba da damar jeri masu amfani a cikin fitarwa iri ɗaya.
$ who -b system boot 2018-01-19 02:39
$ who -bu
system boot 2018-03-16 19:25
ravi tty1 2018-03-16 19:27 00:33 2366
tecmint pts/0 2018-03-16 19:26 . 2332 (192.168.56.1)
root pts/1 2018-03-16 19:27 00:32 2423 (192.168.56.1)
7. Kuna iya duba runlevel na yanzu tare da zaɓin -r.
$ who -r run-level 3 2018-03-16 02:39
8. Umurnin da ke gaba zai buga matattun matakai.
$ who -d pts/1 2018-03-16 11:10 9986 id=ts/1 term=0 exit=0
9. Bugu da ƙari, don ganin matakai masu aiki da aka haifar ta hanyar init, yi amfani da zaɓin -p.
$ who -p
10. A ƙarshe amma ba kalla ba, alamar -a tana ba da damar buga kayan aikin da ba a taɓa gani ba tare da bayanai daga wasu zaɓuɓɓukan da muka rufe.
$ who -a
system boot 2018-06-16 02:39
run-level 3 2018-01-19 02:39
LOGIN tty1 2018-01-19 02:39 3258 id=1
LOGIN ttyS0 2018-01-19 02:39 3259 id=S0
tecmnt + pts/0 2018-03-16 05:33 . 20678 (208.snat-111-91-115.hns.net.in)
pts/1 2018-03-14 11:10 9986 id=ts/1 term=0 exit=0
Kuna iya samun ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka ta hanyar tuntuɓar shafin wane mutum.
$ man who
A cikin wannan labarin, mun bayyana 10 waɗanda ke ba da umarnin misalai don sabbin sabbin Linux. Yi amfani da sashin sharhi da ke ƙasa don yin kowace tambaya ko ba mu ra'ayin ku.