Shigar da Nginx tare da Tubalan Sabis (Masu Amfani da Gida) akan Debian 10

Nginx sanannen sanannen gidan yanar gizo ne wanda yake haɗuwa da ikon juyawa baya, daidaita nauyi, caching da ƙari mai yawa. Dogaro da yadda aka saita shi, zai iya aiki azaman wakili na baya da kuma ma'aunin ɗaukar kaya ga sabobin HTTP/HTTPS.

Sabis ɗin yanar gizo na Nginx yana da ƙwarewa wajen bautar dubban haɗin haɗin kai kuma wannan ya sa ya zama gidan sabar yanar gizo mafi sauri, tana amfani da sama da rabin manyan shafukan yanar gizo a duniya. Waɗannan sun haɗa da Netflix, DuckDuckGo, da DropBox don ambata kaɗan kawai.

A cikin wannan darasin, zamu bi ku ta hanyoyin da zaku bi don girka Nginx tare da masu karɓar baƙi don ɗaukar bakuncin yankuna da yawa akan sabar Debian 10.

Kafin mu fara, tabbatar da cewa an cika wadannan bukatun:

Misali na Debian 10.
Sunan Yankin Da Ya Cancanta (FQDN) yana nuni zuwa sabar.
A cikin wannan jagorar, muna amfani da yankin linux-console.net yana nuna tsarin Debian 10 tare da adireshin IP 192.168.0.104.
Haɗin intanet mai kyau.

Mataki na 1: Reaukaka Maɓallin Kunshin Debian 10

Kafin komai, muna buƙatar sabunta ma'ajiyar gidanmu zuwa sabbin sigar. Don cimma wannan, shiga azaman mai amfani na yau da kullun tare da gatan sudo kuma gudanar da umarnin da ke ƙasa.

$ sudo apt update -y

Mataki 2: Sanya Nginx akan Debian 10

Tunda Nginx ya kasance a cikin wuraren ajiyar Debian, zamu iya ci gaba da sanya shi ta hanzari sanya shi ta amfani da manajan kunshin kayan aiki wanda ya zo tare da Debian.

$ sudo apt install nginx -y

Mataki na 3: Duba Matsayin Nginx Webserver

Idan baku sami kuskure ba, to an yi nasarar shigar da sabar yanar gizo ta Nginx. Yana da hankali don tabbatar da matsayin sabar yanar gizo kafin yin ƙarin daidaitawa.

Don bincika matsayin Nginx, kashe:

$ systemctl status nginx

Idan sabar yanar gizo tana aiki kuma tana aiki, zaku sami sanarwar a kasa.

Idan kuna son sake farawa sabar yanar gizo ta Nginx, gudanar da umurnin.

$ systemctl restart nginx

Don dakatar da Nginx, ba da umarnin.

$ systemctl stop nginx

Don fara sabar yanar gizo, gudu.

$ systemctl start nginx

Don saita sabar yanar gizo ta Nginx don farawa akan gudu.

$ systemctl enable nginx

Mataki na 4: Sanya Firewall don buɗe Port Nginx

Tare da nasarar shigar da Nginx da gudana, muna buƙatar ba da damar yanar gizo zuwa sabis ɗin, musamman ga masu amfani na waje. Idan kana da katangar UFW, kana buƙatar ba da damar HTTP ta cikin bangon.

Don cimma wannan, aiwatar da umarnin.

$ sudo ufw allow 'Nginx HTTP'

Na gaba, sake shigar da bangon wuta don aiwatar da canje-canje.

$ sudo ufw reload

Mai girma, yanzu zaku iya tabbatar da cewa an yarda da HTTP ta cikin Firewall ta hanyar gudu.

$ sudo ufw status

Daga snippet da ke sama, zamu iya gani a sarari cewa an yarda da Nginx HTTP ta hanyar bangon UFW.

Mataki 5: Samun damar Nginx Web Server

Ya zuwa yanzu munyi abubuwan daidaitawa don haɓaka Nginx da gudana. Don samun dama ga sabar yanar gizo ta hanyar burauzar gidan yanar gizo, bincika adireshin IP ɗin uwar garke kamar yadda aka nuna.

http://server-IP-address

Wannan tabbaci ne cewa Nginx yana aiki kuma yana gudana.

Mataki na 6: Saitin Toshe na Sabis na Nginx akan Debian 10

Wannan matakin zaɓi ne kuma yana da amfani yayin da kuke son karɓar bakunan yankuna da yawa akan sabar yanar gizo ta Nginx. Don wannan yayi aiki, kuna buƙatar samun sunan yankin da aka nuna zuwa sabar Debian ɗinku.

Don wannan ɓangaren, za mu yi amfani da sunan yankin linux-console.net wanda ke A rikodin an nuna shi zuwa uwar garken IP IP 192.168.0.104.

Lokacin da kuka nuna sunan yankin zuwa adireshin IP ɗin uwar garkenku, sunan yanki zai canza nan da nan kuma ya nuna sabar yanar gizonku kamar yadda aka nuna.

Bari yanzu ƙirƙirar toshe sabar.

Da fari dai, bari mu kirkiro kundin adireshi don yankinmu kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo mkdir -p /var/www/html/linux-console.net

Sannan sanya mallakar fayil ɗin da ake buƙata kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /var/www/html/linux-console.net

Na gaba, sanya sanya karatu da aiwatar da izini ga rukuni da masu amfani da jama'a kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/linux-console.net

Bari yanzu mu kirkiri wani sauki index.html samfurin shafin yanar gizon ta amfani da vim editan rubutu.

$ sudo vim /var/www/html/linux-console.net/index.html

Sanya samfurin abun ciki zuwa fayil din. Wannan za a nuna a burauzar.

<html>
    <head>
        <title>Welcome to Linux geeks</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Success! Welcome to your new server block on Tecmint Nginx Web Server !</h1>
    </body>
</html>

Adana kuma ka fita daga edita

Don wannan abun cikin don ayi masa aiki, ana buƙatar ƙirƙirar toshe sabar.

Bari mu kirkiro toshe sabar

$ vim  /etc/nginx/sites-available/linux-console.net

Kwafa da liƙa abubuwan da ke gaba cikin fayil ɗin toshe sabar.

server {
        listen 80;
        listen [::]:80;

        root /var/www/html/linux-console.net;
        index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;

        server_name linux-console.net linux-console.net;

        location / {
                try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
        }
}

Tabbatar sabunta sunan yankin linux-console.net tare da sunan yankin ku.

Don kunnawa ko kunna fayil ɗin toshe sabar, ƙirƙirar hanyar haɗin alama kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/linux-console.net /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

Don tabbatar da cewa duk saitunan da ke cikin Nginx an daidaita su da kyau, gudu.

$ sudo nginx -t

Babban, muna da kyau mu tafi! A ƙarshe sake kunna Nginx.

$ sudo systemctl restart nginx

Fita zuwa burauzarka kuma ka wartsake kuma idan komai ya tafi daidai, mai binciken zai kasance yana yiwa uwar garken shafin yanar gizonku hidima kamar yadda aka nuna.

Mataki 7: Samun damar Nginx Log Files

Don samun damar shiga fayiloli game da buƙatun da aka yi wa sabarku, sami damar fayil ɗin da ke ƙasa.

$ sudo vim /var/log/nginx/access.log

Idan kun haɗu cikin kurakurai a cikin sabar yanar gizonku ta Nginx, bincika fayil ɗin don kurakurai.

$ sudo vim /var/log/nginx/error.log

A cikin wannan jagorar, kun koyi yadda ake girka Nginx akan Debian 10 misali kuma saita shi gaba don tallafawa ƙarin yankuna. Muna fatan kun sami wannan jagorar mai hikima. Za a yaba da bayaninka ..