Yadda ake Canja tashar HTTP ta Apache a cikin Linux

Apache HTTP uwar garken shine ɗayan sabar gidan yanar gizo da aka fi amfani dashi a cikin intanit a yau, yi don sauƙin sa, kwanciyar hankali da neman fasaloli, wasu daga cikinsu ba a halin yanzu a cikin wasu sabar yanar gizo, irin wannan abokin hamayyar Nginx.

Wasu daga cikin mahimman fasalulluka na Apache sun haɗa da ikon yin lodi da gudanar da nau'ikan nau'ikan kayayyaki daban-daban da na'urori na musamman a lokacin aiki, ba tare da dakatar da uwar garken ba ko, mafi muni, harhada software a duk lokacin da aka fi ƙara sabon tsarin da kuma rawar musamman ta taka. ta fayilolin .htaccess, waɗanda zasu iya canza saitunan sabar gidan yanar gizo musamman ga kundayen adireshi na yanar gizo.

Ta hanyar tsoho, ana umurtar uwar garken gidan yanar gizon Apache don sauraron haɗin mai shigowa kuma a ɗaure a tashar jiragen ruwa 80. Idan kun zaɓi tsarin TLS, uwar garken zai saurari amintattun hanyoyin sadarwa akan tashar jiragen ruwa 443.

Domin koyar da sabar gidan yanar gizon Apache don ɗaure da sauraron zirga-zirgar gidan yanar gizo akan wasu tashoshin jiragen ruwa fiye da daidaitattun tashoshin yanar gizon, kuna buƙatar ƙara sabon bayani mai ɗauke da sabuwar tashar jiragen ruwa don ɗaurin gaba.

A cikin tsarin tushen Debian/Ubuntu, fayil ɗin sanyi wanda ke buƙatar gyara shine /etc/apache2/ports.conf fayil kuma akan tushen rarraba RHEL/CentOS gyara /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf fayil.

Buɗe fayil ɗin takamaiman don rarrabawar ku tare da editan rubutu na na'ura kuma ƙara sabon bayanin tashar jiragen ruwa kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin ɓangaren ƙasa.

# nano /etc/apache2/ports.conf     [On Debian/Ubuntu]
# nano /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf  [On RHEL/CentOS]

A cikin wannan misalin za mu daidaita uwar garken HTTP Apache don sauraron haɗin kai a tashar jiragen ruwa 8081. Tabbatar cewa kun ƙara bayanin da ke ƙasa a cikin wannan fayil ɗin, bayan umarnin da ke ba da umarni ga uwar garken yanar gizo don sauraron tashar 80, kamar yadda aka kwatanta a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa.

Listen 8081

Bayan kun ƙara layin da ke sama, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙira ko canza mai watsa shiri na Apache a cikin rarraba tushen Debian/Ubuntu don fara aiwatar da ɗauri, musamman ga buƙatun ku na vhost.

A cikin rarrabawar CentOS/RHEL, ana amfani da canjin kai tsaye zuwa cikin tsoho mai masaukin baki. A cikin samfurin da ke ƙasa, za mu canza tsohuwar uwar garken gidan yanar gizo kuma za mu umurci Apache don sauraron zirga-zirgar yanar gizo daga tashar 80 zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa 8081.

Buɗe kuma shirya fayil ɗin 000-default.conf kuma canza tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa 8081 kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.

# nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf 

A ƙarshe, don amfani da canje-canje kuma sanya Apache ɗaure a kan sabon tashar jiragen ruwa, sake kunna daemon kuma duba tebur sockets na cibiyar sadarwar gida ta amfani da umarnin netstat ko ss. Port 8081 a cikin sauraro yakamata a nuna shi a teburin hanyar sadarwar uwar garken ku.

# systemctl restart apache2
# netstat -tlpn| grep apache
# ss -tlpn| grep apache

Hakanan zaka iya, buɗe mai bincike kuma kewaya zuwa adireshin IP na uwar garken ko sunan yanki a tashar jiragen ruwa 8081. Ya kamata a nuna shafin tsoho na Apache a cikin mai bincike. Koyaya, idan ba za ku iya bincika shafin yanar gizon ba, koma zuwa na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa kuma tabbatar an saita ƙa'idodin Tacewar zaɓi don ba da damar zirga-zirgar tashar jiragen ruwa.

http://server.ip:8081 

A kan CentOS/RHEL tushen rarraba Linux shigar da kunshin manufofincoreutils don ƙara ƙa'idodin SELinux da ake buƙata don Apache don ɗaure kan sabon tashar jiragen ruwa kuma sake kunna sabar HTTP Apache don aiwatar da canje-canje.

# yum install policycoreutils

Ƙara dokokin Selinux don tashar jiragen ruwa 8081.

# semanage port -a -t http_port_t -p tcp 8081
# semanage port -m -t http_port_t -p tcp 8081

Sake kunna sabar gidan yanar gizo Apache

# systemctl restart httpd.service 

Yi umarnin netstat ko ss don bincika idan sabuwar tashar jiragen ruwa ta yi nasarar ɗaure kuma sauraron zirga-zirga masu shigowa.

# netstat -tlpn| grep httpd
# ss -tlpn| grep httpd

Bude mai bincike kuma kewaya zuwa adireshin IP na uwar garkenku ko sunan yanki a tashar jiragen ruwa 8081 don bincika sabuwar tashar yanar gizon tana iya isa ga cibiyar sadarwar ku.Ya kamata a nuna tsohon shafin Apache a mai lilo.

http://server.ip:8081 

Idan ba za ka iya kewaya zuwa adireshin da ke sama ba, ka tabbata ka ƙara ingantattun ka'idodin Tacewar zaɓi a cikin tebur na Firewall na uwar garken.