Yadda ake Shigar Apache tare da Runduna Mai Runduna akan Debian 10

Apache, wanda aka fi sani da suna Apache HTTP uwar garke, kyauta ce kuma budaddiyar hanyar sadarwar yanar gizo wacce Gidauniyar Apache ke kula da ita. Shine babban gidan yanar gizon yanar gizo wanda ke ba da umarnin kashi 35% na kasuwa akan intanet tare da Nginx da ke zuwa na biyu tare da 24%.

Apache abin dogara ne sosai, mai sassauƙa, mai sauƙin shigarwa da jigilar fasali da yawa waɗanda suka sa ya shahara tsakanin masu haɓakawa da masu sha'awar Linux. Allyari, ana haɓaka shi kuma ana sabunta shi ta gidauniyar Apache kuma wannan yana taimakawa wajen gyara kwari na software da haɓaka ƙimar sa gaba ɗaya. Zuwa lokacin rubuta wannan labarin, sabon sigar Apache shine 2.4.39.

A cikin wannan jagorar, za mu bi ku cikin matakan kan yadda ake girka sabar yanar gizo ta Apache akan Debian 10.

Kafin mu fara, tabbatar da cewa an cika wadannan bukatun:

  1. Misali na Debian 10.
  2. Sunan Yankin Da Ya Cancanta (FQDN) yana nuni zuwa sabar.
  3. A cikin wannan jagorar, muna amfani da yankin linux-console.net yana nuna tsarin Debian 10 tare da adireshin IP 192.168.0.104.
  4. Haɗin intanet mai kyau.

Tare da bincikenmu na tukin jirgin sama, bari mu fara

Mataki na 1: Sabunta Maɓallin Tsarin Tsarin Debian 10

Mataki na farko a girka Apache akan Debian 10 shine sabunta wuraren ajiyar tsarin. Don cimma wannan, shiga azaman mai amfani na yau da kullun kuma ta amfani da damar sudo suna tafiyar da umarnin.

$ sudo apt update -y

Mataki 2: Sanya Apache akan Debian 10

Gyara Apache yanki ne na waina kuma madaidaiciya. Da zarar kun sami nasarar sabunta wuraren ajiyar tsarin, gudanar da umurnin da ke ƙasa don girka Apache akan Debian 10.

$ sudo apt install apache2 -y

Mataki na 3: Duba Yanayin Apache Webserver

Bayan shigarwar nasara na sabar yanar gizo ta Apache, koyaushe ana bada shawarar duba idan sabis ɗin yana gudana. Yawancin tsarin Linux masu tsari zasu fara sabis ta atomatik akan girke-girke.

Don bincika matsayin Apache webserver aiwatar da umarnin.

$ sudo systemctl status apache2

Idan sabis ɗin baya gudana, fara sabis ta amfani da umarnin.

$ sudo systemctl start apache2

Don kunna sabar gidan yanar gizo ta Apache akan but sai ayi umarni.

$ sudo systemctl enable apache2

Don sake kunna Apache gudu.

$ sudo systemctl restart apache2

Mataki na 4: Sanya Firewall don Bada tashar HTTP

Idan an riga an saita katangar UFW, muna buƙatar ba da sabis na Apache a duk faren wuta don masu amfani na waje su sami damar shiga sabar yanar gizo.

Don cimma wannan, muna buƙatar ba da izinin zirga-zirga a tashar 80 a kan Tacewar zaɓi.

$ sudo ufw allow 80/tcp

Don tabbatar da cewa an ba da izinin tashar jiragen ruwa akan Tacewar zaɓi, gudu.

$ sudo ufw status

Bugu da ƙari, zaku iya amfani da umarnin netstat don tabbatar da tashar kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo netstat -pnltu

Mataki na 5: Tabbatar da Sabar Yanar Gizon Apache HTTP

Tare da duk saitunan da ke wurin, buɗe burauzar yanar gizon da kuka fi so kuma bincika adireshin IP na uwar garkenku ko FQDN kamar yadda aka nuna.

http://server-IP-address 
OR  
http://server-domain-name

Mataki 6: Harhadawa Apache Web Server

Tare da sabar yanar gizo ta Apache an riga an saita, lokacinsa don karɓar gidan yanar gizon samfurin.

Tsohuwar fayil ɗin shafin yanar gizon Apache index.html ana samunsa a /var/www/html/ wanda shine kundin adireshin yanar gizo. Kuna iya karɓar bakuncin rukunin yanar gizo ɗaya ko ƙirƙirar fayilolin karɓar baƙi don ɗaukar bakuncin shafuka da yawa.

Don karɓar bakuncin shafi guda ɗaya, zaku iya gyara fayil ɗin index.html wanda yake kan kundin adireshin yanar gizo.

Amma da farko, yi ajiyar fayil kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo mv /var/www/html/index.html /var/www/html/index.html.bak

Yanzu bari mu kirkiri sabon index.html fayil.

$ sudo nano /var/www/html/index.html

Bari mu kara wasu abubuwan samfurin HTML kamar yadda aka nuna.

<html>
    <head>
        <title>Welcome to crazytechgeek</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Howdy Geeks! Apache web server is up & running</h1>
    </body>
</html>

Fita editan rubutu kuma sake farawa sabar yanar gizo.

$ sudo systemctl restart apache2

Yanzu sake shigar da burauzar gidan yanar gizonku kuma ku lura da canje-canje ga sabon rukunin yanar gizonku.

Mataki na 7: Creatirƙirar Runduna ta Musamman akan Apache

Idan kuna son sabar yanar gizan ku ta dauki bakuncin shafuka da yawa, hanya mafi kyawu da zaku iya zagaya wannan shine samar da runduna ta zamani a sabar yanar gizo ta Apache. Hostsungiyoyin masu karɓar baƙi sun zo a hannu lokacin da kake son karɓar bakunan yankuna da yawa a cikin sabar guda

Na farko, muna buƙatar ƙirƙirar kundin adireshin yanar gizo don yankin linux-console.net .

$ sudo mkdir -p /var/www/html/linux-console.net/

Na gaba, zamu sanya izinin da suka cancanta ga shugabanci ta amfani da $USER canji.

$ sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /var/www/html/linux-console.net/

Na gaba, sanya izinin izini masu dacewa na kundin adireshin yanar gizon yankin.

$ sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/linux-console.net

Yanzu amfani da editan rubutun da kuka fi so, fita waje kuma ƙirƙirar samfurin index.html fayil.

$ sudo nano /var/www/html/linux-console.net/index.html

Bari mu kara wasu abubuwan samfurin HTML kamar yadda aka nuna.

<html>
    <head>
        <title>Welcome to TecMint.com</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Howdy Geeks!</h1>
    </body>
</html>

Adana kuma ka fita daga editan rubutu.

Yanzu, ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin mai karɓar baƙon don yankin ta amfani da umarnin da aka nuna a ƙasa.

$ sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/linux-console.net.conf

Yanzu kwafa da liƙa abubuwan da ke ƙasa kuma maye gurbin yankin linux-console.net tare da yankinku.

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin [email 
    ServerName linux-console.net
    ServerAlias linux-console.net
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html/linux-console.net/
    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

Ajiye ka fita.

A wannan gaba, kunna fayil ɗin mai masauki kama-da-wane kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo a2ensite linux-console.net.conf

Yanzu bari mu musanya tsoffin shafin

$ sudo a2dissite 000-default.conf

Don aiwatar da canje-canjen, sake shigar da yanar gizo apache.

$ sudo systemctl restart apache2

Yanzu sake loda sabar gidan yanar gizonku kuma ku lura da canje-canje ga yankinku.

Idan kana son kunna HTTPS akan gidan yanar gizon ka, karanta wannan labarin: Yadda za a saita Takaddun Shafin SSL na Free don Apache akan Debian 10.

Mun zo karshen darasin. A cikin wannan jagorar, kun koyi yadda ake girka Apache akan Debian 10 sannan kuma saita rundunonin kama-da-wane don karɓar sauran yankuna. Maraba da dawowa gare mu tare da ra'ayoyin ku.