Yadda ake Shigar PostgreSQL 10 Amfani da Code Source a Linux

PostgreSQL wanda kuma ake kira Postgres tsari ne mai ƙarfi kuma buɗaɗɗen tushen tushen bayanai na alaƙa. Database matakin kamfani ne wanda ke da fasali kamar rubuta shiga gaba don haƙurin kuskure, kwafin asynchronous, Multi-Version Concurrency Control (MVCC), kan layi/zafi madadin, nuni a cikin dawo da lokaci, mai tsara tambaya/ingantawa, wuraren tebur, ma'amaloli na gida (masu adana bayanai). ) da sauransu.

Postgres yana da sabon sigar sa na 10 da aka fitar a ranar 5 ga Oktoba 2017 ta ƙungiyar ci gaban duniya ta postgres.

Siffofin Sabon sigar sune kamar haka:

    Kwafi Mai Ma'ana: Wannan fasalin yana ba da damar yin kwafin abubuwan bayanan daidaiku (wasu layuka, teburi, ko zaɓaɓɓun bayanan bayanai) a cikin sabar jiran aiki. Yana ba da ƙarin iko akan kwafin bayanai. Ana aiwatar da shi ta amfani da samfurin wallafe-wallafen.
  • Quorum Commit for Synchronous Replication: A cikin wannan fasalin, yanzu dba na iya ƙididdige adadin jiran aiki waɗanda suka yarda cewa canje-canjen bayanai sun yi, domin a yi la'akari da rubuta bayanai cikin aminci.
  • Tabbacin SCRAM-SHA-256: Ingantattun tsaro da ke akwai na tushen kalmar sirri na tushen MD5 da adanawa.
  • Ingantacciyar aiwatar da tambayar daidai gwargwado.
  • Bayyanawar teburi.
  • Cikakken tallafin rubutu don JSON da JSONB.

A cikin wannan labarin, zamuyi bayanin yadda ake shigar da PostgreSQL 10 ta amfani da shigarwar lambar tushe a cikin tsarin Linux. Wadanda ke neman sauƙin shigarwa daga mai sarrafa kunshin rarraba za su iya bin waɗannan jagororin da ke ƙasa.

  1. Yadda ake Sanya PostgreSQL 10 akan CentOS/RHEL da Fedora
  2. Yadda ake Sanya PostgreSQL 10 akan Debian da Ubuntu

Shigar da PostgreSQL Amfani da Code Source

Kamar yadda postgres shine tushen tushen tushen bayanai, ana iya gina shi daga lambar tushe gwargwadon buƙatun mutum/buƙatun mutum. za mu iya keɓance tsarin gini da shigarwa ta hanyar samar da zaɓuɓɓukan layin umarni ɗaya ko fiye don ƙarin fasali daban-daban.

Babban fa'idar yin amfani da shigarwar lambar tushe shine ana iya keɓance shi sosai yayin shigarwa.

1. Da farko shigar da abubuwan da ake buƙata kamar gcc, readline-devel da zlib-devel ta amfani da mai sarrafa fakiti kamar yadda aka nuna.

# yum install gcc zlib-devel readline-devel     [On RHEL/CentOS]
# apt install gcc zlib1g-dev libreadline6-dev   [On Debian/Ubuntu]

2. Zazzage fayil ɗin lambar tushe daga umarnin wget na hukuma kai tsaye akan tsarin.

# wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v10.0/postgresql-10.0.tar.bz2

3. Yi amfani da umarnin kwal don cire fayil ɗin kwal ɗin da aka sauke. Za a ƙirƙiri sabon kundin adireshi mai suna postgresql-10.0.

# tar -xvf postgresql-10.0.tar.bz2
# ll

total 19236
-rw-------. 1 root root      933 Mar 18  2015 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     8823 Mar 18  2015 install.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     3384 Mar 18  2015 install.log.syslog
drwxrwxrwx  6 1107 1107     4096 Oct  3  2017 postgresql-10.0
-rw-r--r--  1 root root 19639147 Oct  3  2017 postgresql-10.0.tar.bz2

4. Mataki na gaba don hanyar shigarwa shine saita lambar tushe da aka zazzage ta zaɓin zaɓuɓɓuka bisa ga bukatun ku.

# cd postgresql-10.0

yi amfani da ./configure --help don samun taimako game da zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban.

# ./configure --help

Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.
Configuration:
  -h, --help              display this help and exit
      --help=short        display options specific to this package
      --help=recursive    display the short help of all the included packages
  -V, --version           display version information and exit
  -q, --quiet, --silent   do not print `checking ...' messages
      --cache-file=FILE   cache test results in FILE [disabled]
  -C, --config-cache      alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'
  -n, --no-create         do not create output files
      --srcdir=DIR        find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..']

Installation directories:
  --prefix=PREFIX         install architecture-independent files in PREFIX
                          [/usr/local/pgsql]
  --exec-prefix=EPREFIX   install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX
                          [PREFIX]

5. Yanzu ƙirƙirar directory inda kake son shigar da fayilolin postgres kuma yi amfani da zaɓin prefix tare da daidaitawa.

# mkdir /opt/PostgreSQL-10/
# ./configure --prefix=/opt/PostgreSQL-10

checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking which template to use... linux
checking whether NLS is wanted... no
checking for default port number... 5432
checking for block size... 8kB
checking for segment size... 1GB
checking for WAL block size... 8kB
checking for WAL segment size... 16MB
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables... 
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking whether gcc supports -Wdeclaration-after-statement... yes
checking whether gcc supports -Wendif-labels... yes
checking whether gcc supports -Wmissing-format-attribute... yes
checking whether gcc supports -Wformat-security... yes
checking whether gcc supports -fno-strict-aliasing... yes
checking whether gcc supports -fwrapv... yes
checking whether gcc supports -fexcess-precision=standard... no
....

6. Bayan configuring, gaba za mu fara gina postgreSQL ta amfani da bin yin umarni.

# make

Bayan kammala aikin ginawa, yanzu shigar da postgresql ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

# make install

An shigar da Postgresql 10 a cikin /opt/PostgreSQL-10 directory.

7. Yanzu ƙirƙiri mai amfani da postgres da directory don amfani dashi azaman kundin bayanai don ƙaddamar da tarin bayanai. Mai wannan kundin bayanan ya kamata ya zama mai amfani da postgres kuma izini ya zama 700 kuma ya saita hanya don binaries na postgresql don sauƙin mu.

# useradd postgres
# passwd postgres
# mkdir /pgdatabase/data
# chown -R postgres. /pgdatabase/data
# echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/opt/PostgreSQL-10/bin' > /etc/profile.d/postgres.sh

8. Yanzu fara database ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa a matsayin mai amfani da postgres kafin amfani da kowane umarnin postgres.

# su postgres
$ initdb -D /pgdatabase/data/ -U postgres -W

Inda -D wuri ne na wannan rukunin tarin bayanai ko kuma zamu iya cewa kundin bayanai ne inda muke son fara fara tattara bayanai, -U don sunan superuser database da - Wdon neman kalmar sirri don mai amfani da db.

Don ƙarin bayani da zaɓuɓɓuka muna iya komawa initdb -help.

9. Bayan fara bayanan bayanai, fara rukunin bayanai ko kuma idan kuna buƙatar canza tashar jiragen ruwa ko sauraron adireshin uwar garken, gyara fayil ɗin postgresql.conf a cikin kundin bayanan uwar garken bayanai.

$ pg_ctl -D /pgdatabase/data/ -l /pglog/db_logs/start.log start

10. Bayan fara bayanai, tabbatar da matsayi na postgres uwar garken tsari ta amfani da bin umarni.

$ ps -ef |grep -i postgres
$ netstat -apn |grep -i 51751

Za mu iya ganin cewa tarin bayanai yana aiki da kyau, kuma ana iya samun rajistan ayyukan farawa a wurin da aka kayyade tare da zaɓin -l yayin fara tarin bayanai.

11. Yanzu haɗa zuwa ga tarin bayanai kuma ƙirƙirar bayanai ta amfani da bin umarni.

$ psql -p 51751
postgres=# create database test;
postgres=# \l to list all databases in cluster
postgres=# \q to quit form postgres console

Shi ke nan! a cikin labaran mu masu zuwa, Zan rufe tsarin, saitin kwafi da shigar da kayan aikin pgAdmin, har sai a saurara zuwa Tecmint.