Yadda ake Duba da Sanya Sabuntawa akan CentOS da RHEL


Shigar da sabuntawa don fakitin software ko kwaya da kanta, aiki ne mai matuƙar ba da shawarar kuma mai fa'ida ga masu gudanar da tsarin; musamman idan ana batun sabunta tsaro ko faci. Yayin da aka gano raunin tsaro, dole ne a sabunta software ɗin da abin ya shafa don rage duk wata haɗarin tsaro ga tsarin gaba ɗaya.

Idan baku tsara tsarin ku don shigar da facin tsaro ko sabuntawa ta atomatik ba, to kuna buƙatar yin shi da hannu. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu nuna muku yadda ake dubawa da shigar da sabunta software akan rarrabawar CentOS da RHEL.

Don bincika duk wani sabuntawa da ake samu don fakitin da aka shigar, yi amfani da mai sarrafa fakitin YUM tare da ƙaramin umarni na sabuntawa; wannan yana taimaka muku ganin duk abubuwan sabunta fakiti daga duk ma'ajiya idan akwai akwai.

# yum check-update
Loaded plugins: changelog, fastestmirror
base                                                                                                                                                 | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
epel/x86_64/metalink                                                                                                                                 |  22 kB  00:00:00     
epel                                                                                                                                                 | 4.3 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                                                               | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
mariadb                                                                                                                                              | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                                                              | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
(1/2): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                                                                        | 842 kB  00:00:15     
(2/2): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                        | 6.1 MB  00:00:00     
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.linode.com
 * epel: mirror.vorboss.net
 * extras: mirrors.linode.com
 * updates: mirrors.linode.com

MariaDB-client.x86_64                                                              10.1.28-1.el7.centos                                                             mariadb 
MariaDB-common.x86_64                                                              10.1.28-1.el7.centos                                                             mariadb 
MariaDB-server.x86_64                                                              10.1.28-1.el7.centos                                                             mariadb 
MariaDB-shared.x86_64                                                              10.1.28-1.el7.centos                                                             mariadb 
NetworkManager.x86_64                                                              1:1.8.0-11.el7_4                                                                 updates 
NetworkManager-adsl.x86_64                                                         1:1.8.0-11.el7_4                                                                 updates 
....

Don sabunta fakiti ɗaya zuwa sabon sigar da ake samu, gudanar da umarnin da ke ƙasa. A cikin wannan misali, yum zai yi ƙoƙarin sabunta fakitin httpd.

# yum update httpd
Loaded plugins: changelog, fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.linode.com
 * epel: mirror.vorboss.net
 * extras: mirrors.linode.com
 * updates: mirrors.linode.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4 will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: httpd = 2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4 for package: 1:mod_ssl-2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4.x86_64
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 will be an update
--> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 for package: httpd-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4 will be updated
---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 will be an update
---> Package mod_ssl.x86_64 1:2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4 will be updated
---> Package mod_ssl.x86_64 1:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 will be an update
....

Don sabunta rukunin fakiti, umarnin da ke biyo baya zai sabunta kayan aikin haɓaka ku (C da C++ compiler da abubuwan amfani masu alaƙa).

# yum update "Development Tools"
Loaded plugins: changelog, fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.linode.com
 * epel: mirror.vorboss.net
 * extras: mirrors.linode.com
 * updates: mirrors.linode.com
...

Don haɓaka duk software ɗin ku da kuma abubuwan dogaronsu zuwa sabon sigar, yi amfani da wannan umarni:

# yum update
Loaded plugins: changelog, fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.linode.com
 * epel: mirror.vorboss.net
 * extras: mirrors.linode.com
 * updates: mirrors.linode.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package MariaDB-client.x86_64 0:10.1.23-1.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package MariaDB-client.x86_64 0:10.1.28-1.el7.centos will be an update
---> Package MariaDB-common.x86_64 0:10.1.23-1.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package MariaDB-common.x86_64 0:10.1.28-1.el7.centos will be an update
---> Package MariaDB-server.x86_64 0:10.1.23-1.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package MariaDB-server.x86_64 0:10.1.28-1.el7.centos will be an update
---> Package MariaDB-shared.x86_64 0:10.1.23-1.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package MariaDB-shared.x86_64 0:10.1.28-1.el7.centos will be an update
---> Package NetworkManager.x86_64 1:1.4.0-19.el7_3 will be obsoleted
---> Package NetworkManager.x86_64 1:1.8.0-11.el7_4 will be obsoleting
....

Shi ke nan! Kuna iya son karanta waɗannan labarai masu alaƙa.

  1. Yadda ake girka ko haɓakawa zuwa Sabon Kernel Version a cikin CentOS 7
  2. Yadda ake goge Tsoffin Kwayoyin da ba a yi amfani da su ba a cikin CentOS, RHEL da Fedora
  3. Yadda ake Shigar Sabunta Tsaro ta atomatik akan Debian da Ubuntu

Koyaushe ci gaba da sabunta tsarin Linux tare da sabbin tsaro da sabunta fakiti na gaba ɗaya. Kuna da wasu tambayoyi da za ku yi, yi amfani da fam ɗin sharhi a ƙasa don hakan.