Yadda ake Sanya Rukunin Fakiti Ta amfani da Yum akan CentOS da RHEL


A kan CentOS/RHEL, zaku iya shigar da fakiti daban-daban ko shigar da fakiti da yawa a cikin aiki ɗaya a cikin rukuni. Rukunin fakitin sun ƙunshi fakiti waɗanda ke yin ayyuka masu alaƙa kamar kayan aikin haɓakawa, sabar gidan yanar gizo (misali LEMP), tebur (ƙananan tebur wanda kuma za'a iya aiki dashi azaman abokin ciniki na bakin ciki) da ƙari mai yawa.

A cikin wannan jagorar, za mu bayyana yadda ake shigar da rukunin fakiti tare da mai sarrafa fakitin YUM a cikin rarrabawar CentOS, RHEL da Fedora.

Daga yum version 3.4.2, an gabatar da umarnin kungiyoyin, kuma yanzu yana aiki akan Fedora-19+ da CentOS/RHEL-7+; yana tattara duk ƙananan umarni don mu'amala da ƙungiyoyi.

Don jera samuwa ƙungiyoyi daga duk yum repos, yi amfani da ƙaramin umarni na lissafin kamar haka:

# yum groups list
OR
# yum grouplist
Loaded plugins: changelog, fastestmirror
There is no installed groups file.
Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.linode.com
 * epel: mirror.freethought-internet.co.uk
 * extras: mirrors.linode.com
 * updates: mirrors.linode.com
Available Environment Groups:
   Minimal Install
   Compute Node
   Infrastructure Server
   File and Print Server
   MATE Desktop
   Basic Web Server
   Virtualization Host
   Server with GUI
   GNOME Desktop
   KDE Plasma Workspaces
   Development and Creative Workstation
Available Groups:
   CIFS file server
   Compatibility Libraries
   Console Internet Tools
....

Kuna iya ganin jimlar adadin ƙungiyoyi ta amfani da taƙaitaccen umarni:

# yum groups summary
Loaded plugins: changelog, fastestmirror
There is no installed groups file.
Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.linode.com
 * epel: mirror.freethought-internet.co.uk
 * extras: mirrors.linode.com
 * updates: mirrors.linode.com
Available Environment Groups: 11
Available Groups: 38
Done

Kafin ka ci gaba da shigar da rukuni na fakiti, zaku iya duba ID ɗin ƙungiyar, ɗan taƙaitaccen bayanin ƙungiyar da fakiti daban-daban da ta kunsa a ƙarƙashin nau'i daban-daban (fakiti na wajibi, tsoho da na zaɓi) ta amfani da ƙaramin umarni na bayanai.

# yum groups info "Development Tools"
Loaded plugins: changelog, fastestmirror
There is no installed groups file.
Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.linode.com
 * epel: mirror.freethought-internet.co.uk
 * extras: mirrors.linode.com
 * updates: mirrors.linode.com

Group: Development Tools
 Group-Id: development
 Description: A basic development environment.
 Mandatory Packages:
   +autoconf
   +automake
    binutils
   +bison
   +flex
    gcc
   +gcc-c++
    gettext
   +libtool
    make
   +patch
    pkgconfig
    redhat-rpm-config
   +rpm-build
   +rpm-sign
...

Don shigar da rukuni na fakiti, misali kayan aikin haɓaka (tushen ci gaban muhalli), yi amfani da umarnin shigar kamar haka.

# yum groups install "Development Tools"
Loaded plugins: changelog, fastestmirror
There is no installed groups file.
Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)
base                                                                                                                                                 | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
epel/x86_64/metalink                                                                                                                                 |  23 kB  00:00:00     
epel                                                                                                                                                 | 4.3 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                                                               | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
mariadb                                                                                                                                              | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                                                              | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
(1/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                    | 129 kB  00:00:15     
(2/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                   | 3.6 MB  00:00:15     
(3/4): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                        | 6.1 MB  00:00:15     
(4/4): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                                                                        | 838 kB  00:00:15     
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.linode.com
 * epel: mirror.freethought-internet.co.uk
 * extras: mirrors.linode.com
 * updates: mirrors.linode.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package autoconf.noarch 0:2.69-11.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: m4 >= 1.4.14 for package: autoconf-2.69-11.el7.noarch
---> Package automake.noarch 0:1.13.4-3.el7 will be installed
...

Don cire ƙungiya (wanda ke share duk fakitin ƙungiyar daga tsarin), kawai yi amfani da cire umarnin ƙasa.

# yum groups remove "Development Tools"

Hakanan zaka iya yiwa ƙungiya alama kamar yadda aka shigar da umarnin da ke ƙasa.

# yum groups mark install "Development Tools"

Wannan ke nan a yanzu! Zaku iya samun ƙarin umarni da bayaninsu a ƙarƙashin rukunin rukunin a cikin shafin yum man.

Hakanan kuna iya son karanta waɗannan labarai masu zuwa akan manajan fakitin Yum.

  1. Yadda ake girka da amfani da ‘yum-utils’ don Kula da Yum da Ƙarfafa Ayyukansa
  2. Hanyoyi 4 don Kashe/Kulle Wasu Sabunta Fakiti Ta Amfani da Yum Command
  3. Yadda ake Gyara Kuskuren Yum: Hoton Disk Database ya lalace
  4. Yadda ake amfani da ‘Yum History’ don gano bayanan fakitin da aka shigar ko cirewa

A cikin wannan jagorar, mun bayyana yadda ake shigar da rukunin fakiti tare da mai sarrafa fakitin YUM a cikin CentOS, RHEL da Fedora. Yi amfani da fom ɗin sharhi da ke ƙasa don aiko mana da tambayoyinku ko ra'ayoyinku game da wannan labarin.