Yadda ake Ceto, Gyarawa da Sake Sanya GRUB Boot Loader a Ubuntu

Wannan koyaswar za ta jagorance ku kan yadda ake ceto, gyara ko sake shigar da na'urar Ubuntu da ta lalace wacce ba za a iya yin booting ba saboda gaskiyar cewa Grub2 bootloader ya lalace kuma ba zai iya loda bootloader ba wanda ke tura ikon gaba zuwa kwayayen Linux. A cikin duk tsarin aiki na Linux na zamani GRUB shine tsoho mai ɗaukar kaya.

An yi nasarar gwada wannan hanya akan bugu na uwar garken Ubuntu 16.04 tare da lalatar bootloader na Grub. Koyaya, wannan koyawa za ta rufe hanyar ceton uwar garken GRUB na Ubuntu, kodayake ana iya samun nasarar aiwatar da wannan hanyar akan kowane tsarin Ubuntu ko akan yawancin rarraba tushen Debian.

1. 1. Zazzage Hoton DVS ISO Edition na Ubuntu Server

   Kuna ƙoƙarin taya injin uwar garken Ubuntu ɗin ku kuma kun ga cewa tsarin aiki ba ya farawa kuma kun gano cewa shirin bootloader baya aiki?

   Yawanci, ƙaramin wasan bidiyo na GNU GRUB yana bayyana akan allonku, kamar yadda aka kwatanta akan hoton da ke ƙasa. Ta yaya za ku iya dawo da Grub a cikin Ubuntu?

   

   Akwai hanyoyi da yawa a cikin Linux waɗanda za a iya amfani da su don sake shigar da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu, wasu na iya haɗawa da ikon yin aiki da mayar da bootloader ta amfani da layin umarni na Linux kuma wasu suna da sauƙi kuma suna nuna booting hardware tare da Linux live CD da kuma amfani da alamun GUI don gyara lalacewar bootloader.

   Daga cikin mafi sauƙi hanyoyin, waɗanda za a iya amfani da su a cikin rarraba tushen Debian, musamman akan tsarin Ubuntu, shine hanyar da aka gabatar a cikin wannan koyawa, wanda ya ƙunshi kawai tayar da na'ura a cikin hoton Ubuntu live DVD ISO.

   Ana iya sauke hoton ISO daga hanyar haɗin yanar gizon: http://releases.ubuntu.com/

   Sake shigar Ubuntu GRUB Boot Loader

   1. Bayan ka zazzage kuma ka ƙone hoton Ubuntu ISO, ko ƙirƙirar sandar USB mai bootable, sanya kafofin watsa labarai da za a iya bootable a cikin injin ɗin da ya dace, sake kunna na'ura kuma umurci BIOS don tada cikin hoton Ubuntu.

   

   2. A allon farko, zaɓi yaren kuma danna maɓallin [Enter] don ci gaba.

   

   3. A allon na gaba, danna maɓallin aiki F6 don buɗe sauran zaɓuɓɓukan menu kuma zaɓi zaɓin yanayin ƙwararru. Bayan haka, danna maɓallin Escape don komawa zuwa layin Zaɓuɓɓukan Boot a cikin yanayin gyarawa, kamar yadda aka kwatanta a hotunan kariyar kwamfuta na ƙasa.

   

   4. Na gaba, gyara zaɓuɓɓukan boot ɗin hoto na rayuwa ta Ubuntu ta amfani da kiban maballin don matsar da siginan kwamfuta kafin layin shiru kuma rubuta jerin masu zuwa kamar yadda aka kwatanta a hoton da ke ƙasa.

   rescue/enable=true 
   

   

   5. Bayan kun rubuta bayanin da ke sama, danna maɓallin [Enter] don ba da umarnin hoton ISO mai rai don yin booting cikin yanayin ceto don Ceto tsarin da ya karye.

   

   6. A kan allo na gaba zaɓi yaren da kake son aiwatar da tsarin ceton sai ka danna maɓallin [shigar] don ci gaba.

   

   7. Na gaba, zaɓi wurin da ya dace daga lissafin da aka gabatar kuma danna maɓallin [enter] don matsawa gaba.

   

   8. A jerin sifofi na gaba, zaɓi shimfidar madannai na madannai kamar yadda aka kwatanta a cikin hotunan kariyar kwamfuta na ƙasa

   

   9. Bayan gano kayan aikin injin ku, loda wasu ƙarin abubuwan haɗin gwiwa da daidaita hanyar sadarwar za a umarce ku don saita sunan mai masaukin injin ku. Saboda ba ku shigar da tsarin ba, kawai ku bar sunan mai masaukin tsarin azaman tsoho kuma danna [shirya] don ci gaba.

   

   10. Na gaba, dangane da wurin da aka kawo na zahiri hoton mai sakawa zai gano yankin lokacin ku. Wannan saitin zai yi aiki daidai idan an haɗa injin ku zuwa intanit.

   Koyaya, ba shi da mahimmanci idan ba a gano yankin lokacin ku daidai ba, saboda ba ku aiwatar da shigarwar tsarin ba. Kawai danna Ee don ci gaba.

   

   11. A kan allo na gaba za a canza ku kai tsaye zuwa yanayin ceto. Anan, yakamata ku zaɓi tsarin tushen fayil ɗin injin ku daga jerin da aka bayar. Idan tsarin da aka shigar da ku yana amfani da mai sarrafa ƙarar ma'ana don iyakance ɓangarori, ya kamata a sauƙaƙe gano tushen ɓangaren ku daga jerin ta hanyar bitar sunayen rukunin ƙarar kamar yadda aka kwatanta a hoton da ke ƙasa.

   In ba haka ba, idan ba ku da tabbacin wane bangare ake amfani da shi don tsarin fayil /(tushen) , ya kamata ku yi ƙoƙarin bincika kowane bangare har sai kun gano tushen tsarin fayil ɗin. Bayan zaɓar tushen partition danna maɓallin [Enter] don ci gaba.

   

   12. Idan an shigar da tsarin ku tare da ɓangaren /boot daban, mai sakawa zai tambaye ku ko kuna son hawa partition daban/boot. Zaɓi Ee kuma danna maɓallin [Enter] don ci gaba.

   

   13. Na gaba, za a ba ku da menu na ayyukan ceto. Anan, zaɓi zaɓi don Sake shigar da GRUB boot loader kuma danna maɓallin [shigar] don ci gaba.

   

   14. A allon na gaba, rubuta na'urar diski na injin ku inda za'a sanya GRUB kuma danna [Enter] don ci gaba, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.

   Yawancin lokaci, ya kamata ka shigar da bootloader a kan rumbun kwamfutarka ta farko MBR, wanda shine /dev/sda a mafi yawan lokuta. Tsarin shigarwa na GRUB zai fara da zarar kun danna maɓallin Shigar.

   

   15. Bayan tsarin rayuwa ya shigar da GRUB boot loader za a mayar da ku zuwa babban menu na yanayin ceto. Abinda ya rage yanzu, bayan kun sami nasarar gyara GRUB ɗin ku, shine sake kunna injin kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hotuna na ƙasa.

   

   A ƙarshe, fitar da rayayyun kafofin watsa labarai na boot daga faifan da ya dace, sake kunna na'ura kuma yakamata ku sami damar shiga cikin tsarin aiki da aka shigar. Ya kamata a shigar da allon farko da zai bayyana menu na GRUB na tsarin aiki, kamar yadda aka kwatanta a hoton da ke ƙasa.

   

   Sake shigar Ubuntu Grub Boot Loader da hannu

   14. Duk da haka, idan kuna son sake shigar da bootloader na GRUB da hannu daga menu na Rescue Operation, bi duk matakan da aka gabatar a cikin wannan koyawa har sai kun isa aya ta 13, inda za ku yi canje-canje masu zuwa: maimakon zaɓar zaɓi don sake shigar da bootloader na GRUB. , zaɓi zaɓi wanda ya ce Ci gaba da harsashi a /dev/(your_chosen_root_partition kuma danna maɓallin [Enter] don ci gaba.

   

   15. A na gaba allon danna Ci gaba ta danna [enter] key domin bude wani shell a cikin tushen fayil partition.

   

   16. Bayan da aka bude harsashi a cikin tushen fayil tsarin, aiwatar ls umurnin kamar yadda aka gabatar a kasa domin gane your machine hard disks.

   # ls /dev/sd* 
   

   Bayan kun gano madaidaicin na'urar diski (yawanci faifai na farko ya kamata ya zama /dev/sda), ba da umarni mai zuwa don shigar da GRUB boot loader akan MBR da aka gano.

   # grub-install /dev/sda
   

   Bayan an yi nasarar shigar da GRUB a bar harsashi da sauri ta buga fita.

   # exit
   

   

   17. Bayan kun fita cikin hanzarin harsashi, za a mayar da ku zuwa babban menu na yanayin ceto. Anan, zaɓi zaɓi don sake kunna tsarin, fitar da hoton ISO mai rai mai rai kuma ya kamata a kunna tsarin aikin da kuka shigar ba tare da wata matsala ba.

   

   Shi ke nan! Tare da ɗan ƙaramin ƙoƙari kun sami nasarar ba injin Ubuntu ikon yin amfani da tsarin aiki da aka shigar.