Yadda ake Kara sararin sararin samaniya akan Ubuntu
Ofayan hanyoyi mafi sauƙi na kallo akan matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a cikin aikace-aikace shine ƙara somearin girman swap a cikin sabarku. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bayyana yadda za a ƙara fayil ɗin sauyawa zuwa sabar Ubuntu.
Mataki 1: Duba Swap Information
Kafin mu fara, da farko ka tabbata ka bincika idan tsarin ya riga ya sami sararin sararin samaniya ta hanyar gudanar da wannan umarni.
$ sudo swapon --show
Idan baku ga wata fitarwa ba, wannan yana nufin tsarinku ba shi da sararin canzawa a halin yanzu.
Hakanan zaka iya tabbatar da cewa babu sararin canzawa ta hanyar amfani da umarnin kyauta.
$ free -h
Kuna iya gani daga abubuwan da aka sama, cewa babu musanya mai aiki akan tsarin.
Mataki 2: Dubawa Akwai sararin samaniya akan bangare
Don ƙirƙirar sararin sararin samaniya, da farko, kuna buƙatar bincika amfanin diski na yanzu kuma tabbatar cewa akwai isasshen sarari don ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin musanya akan tsarin.
$ df -h
Bangaren tare da /
yana da wadataccen sarari don ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin musanya.
Mataki na 3: Creatirƙirar Fayil na Musanya a Ubuntu
Yanzu za mu ƙirƙiri fayil ɗin musanya mai suna \"swap.img \"
a kan adireshinmu na Ubuntu tushen (/)
ta yin amfani da umarnin ɓoyewa da girman 1GB (kuna iya daidaitawa girman kamar yadda bukatunku suke) kuma tabbatar da girman canzawa ta amfani da umarnin ls kamar yadda aka nuna.
$ sudo fallocate -l 1G /swap.img $ ls -lh /swap.img
Daga samfurin da ke sama, za ka ga cewa mun ƙirƙiri fayil ɗin musanya tare da madaidaicin sarari watau 1GB.
Mataki na 4: Ba da damar Swap fayil a cikin Ubuntu
Don kunna fayil ɗin musanya a cikin Ubuntu, da farko, kuna buƙatar saita madaidaitan izini akan fayil ɗin don kawai mai amfani da tushen
damar samun damar fayil ɗin.
$ sudo chmod 600 /swap.img $ ls -lh /swap.img
Daga samfurin da ke sama, za ka ga cewa kawai tushen
mai amfani ne ke da izinin karatu da rubutu.
Yanzu kunna waɗannan umarni don yiwa fayil ɗin alama azaman sararin sararin samaniya kuma bawa fayil ɗin swap damar fara amfani dashi akan tsarin.
$ sudo mkswap /swap.img $ sudo swapon /swap.img
Tabbatar cewa akwai sararin sararin samaniya ta hanyar aiwatar da waɗannan umarnin.
$ sudo swapon --show $ free -h
Daga cikin abin da aka sama, ya bayyana sarai cewa sabon fayil ɗin musanya an ƙirƙiri shi cikin nasara kuma tsarin Ubuntu ɗinmu zai fara amfani dashi kamar yadda ya cancanta.
Mataki na 5: Sanya Fayil din Swap na dindindin a Ubuntu
Don sanya sararin canzawa ya zama dindindin, kuna buƙatar ƙara bayanin fayil ɗin canzawa a cikin fayil ɗin /etc/fstab
kuma tabbatar da shi ta hanyar aiwatar da waɗannan umarnin.
$ echo '/swap.img none swap sw 0 0' | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab $ cat /etc/fstab
Mataki na 6: Saitin Sauya Saituna a Ubuntu
Akwai settingsan saitunan da kuke buƙatar saitawa waɗanda zasu yi tasiri akan aikin Ubuntu yayin amfani da musanya.
Swappiness shine kernel na Linux wanda ke ƙayyade nawa (kuma sau nawa) tsarinku ya canza bayanai daga RAM zuwa sararin canzawa. Matsakaicin tsoho don wannan ma'aunin shine "60" kuma yana iya amfani da komai daga "0" zuwa "100". Mafi girman ƙimar, mafi girman amfani da sararin canzawar ta Kernel.
Na farko, bincika ƙimar sauyawa ta yanzu ta hanyar buga umarnin mai zuwa.
$ cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
Simar sauyawa ta yanzu ta 60 cikakke ce don amfanin Desktop, amma don saba, dole ne a saita ta zuwa ƙananan ƙima watau 10.
$ sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=10
Don yin wannan saitin na dindindin, kuna buƙatar ƙara layi mai zuwa zuwa fayil ɗin /etc/sysctl.conf
.
vm.swappiness=10
Wani saitin makamancin haka wanda kuke so ku canza shi ne vfs_cache_pressure
- wannan saitin yana bayyana nawa tsarin zai so ya adana inode da dentry details akan sauran bayanan.
Kuna iya bincika ƙimar yanzu ta hanyar bincika tsarin fayil ɗin proc.
$ cat /proc/sys/vm/vfs_cache_pressure
Setimar ta yanzu an saita zuwa 100, wannan yana nufin tsarinmu yana cire bayanan inode daga ɓoye cikin sauri. Ina ba da shawara, ya kamata mu saita wannan zuwa yanayi mafi daidaituwa kamar 50.
$ sudo sysctl vm.vfs_cache_pressure=50
Don yin wannan saitin na dindindin, kuna buƙatar ƙara layi mai zuwa zuwa fayil ɗin /etc/sysctl.conf
.
vm.vfs_cache_pressure=50
Adana kuma ka rufe fayil ɗin lokacin da ka gama.
Mataki 7: Cire fayil ɗin Musanya a cikin Ubuntu
Don cirewa ko share sabon fayil ɗin canzawa, gudanar da waɗannan umarnin.
$ sudo swapoff -v /swap.img $ sudo rm -rf /swap.img
A ƙarshe, share shigar da fayil ɗin swap daga fayil ɗin/etc/fstab.
Shi ke nan! A cikin wannan labarin, munyi bayanin yadda ake ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin musanya akan rarraba Ubuntu. Idan kuna da kowace tambaya game da wannan labarin, ku kyauta ku yi tambayoyinku a cikin ɓangaren sharhi da ke ƙasa.