Yadda ake Share Tsofaffin Kwayoyin da Ba a Yi Amfani da su ba a cikin CentOS, RHEL da Fedora


A cikin wannan labarin, za mu nuna yadda ake cire tsoffin hotuna kernel da ba a yi amfani da su ba akan tsarin RHEL/CentOS/Fedora. Koyaya, kafin ku cire tsohuwar kwaya, yana da mahimmanci ku ci gaba da sabunta kwaya; shigar da sabon sigar don yin amfani da sabbin ayyukan kwaya da kuma kare tsarin ku daga raunin da aka gano a cikin tsofaffin nau'ikan.

Don shigarwa ko haɓakawa zuwa sabon sigar kwaya a cikin tsarin RHEL/CentOS/Fedora, karanta wannan jagorar:

  1. Yadda ake girka ko haɓakawa zuwa Sabon Kernel Version a cikin CentOS 7

Hankali: Akasin haka, ana ba da shawarar kiyaye aƙalla tsofaffin kwaya ɗaya ko biyu don faɗuwa baya idan akwai matsala tare da sabuntawa.

Don nuna nau'in Linux (kernel) na yanzu yana gudana akan tsarin ku, gudanar da wannan umarni.

# uname -sr

Linux 3.10.0-327.10.1.el7.x86_64

Kuna iya jera duk hotunan kwaya da aka sanya akan tsarin ku kamar wannan.

# rpm -q kernel

kernel-3.10.0-229.el7.x86_64
kernel-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7.x86_64
kernel-3.10.0-327.3.1.el7.x86_64
kernel-3.10.0-327.10.1.el7.x86_64

Kuna buƙatar shigar da yum-utils, wanda shine nau'in kayan aiki waɗanda ke haɗawa da yum don ƙara ƙarfi da sauƙin amfani, ta hanyar faɗaɗa ainihin abubuwansa ta hanyoyi daban-daban.

# yum install yum-utils

Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan abubuwan amfani shine tsabtace fakiti wanda zaku iya amfani da shi don share tsohuwar kwaya kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa, ana amfani da tutar ƙidayar don tantance adadin kernels ɗin da kuke son barin akan tsarin.

# package-cleanup --oldkernels --count=2
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks, product-id, versionlock
--> Running transaction check
---> Package kernel.x86_64 0:3.10.0-229.el7 will be erased
---> Package kernel.x86_64 0:3.10.0-229.14.1.el7 will be erased
---> Package kernel-devel.x86_64 0:3.10.0-229.1.2.el7 will be erased
---> Package kernel-devel.x86_64 0:3.10.0-229.14.1.el7 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===============================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                       Arch                                    Version                                                Repository                                  Size
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Removing:
 kernel                                        x86_64                                  3.10.0-229.el7                                         @anaconda                                  131 M
 kernel                                        x86_64                                  3.10.0-229.14.1.el7                                    @updates                                   131 M
 kernel-devel                                  x86_64                                  3.10.0-229.1.2.el7                                     @updates                                    32 M
 kernel-devel                                  x86_64                                  3.10.0-229.14.1.el7                                    @updates                                    32 M

Transaction Summary
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Remove  4 Packages

Installed size: 326 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Erasing    : kernel-devel.x86_64                            1/4 
  Erasing    : kernel.x86_64                                  2/4 
  Erasing    : kernel-devel.x86_64                            3/4 
  Erasing    : kernel.x86_64                                  4/4 
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: centos.mirror.snu.edu.in
 * epel: repo.ugm.ac.id
 * extras: centos.mirror.snu.edu.in
 * rpmforge: kartolo.sby.datautama.net.id
 * updates: centos.mirror.snu.edu.in
  Verifying  : kernel-3.10.0-229.el7.x86_64                   1/4 
  Verifying  : kernel-devel-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7.x86_64        2/4 
  Verifying  : kernel-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7.x86_64              3/4 
  Verifying  : kernel-devel-3.10.0-229.1.2.el7.x86_64         4/4 

Removed:
  kernel.x86_64 0:3.10.0-229.el7           kernel.x86_64 0:3.10.0-229.14.1.el7           kernel-devel.x86_64 0:3.10.0-229.1.2.el7           kernel-devel.x86_64 0:3.10.0-229.14.1.el7          

Complete!

Muhimmi: Bayan gudanar da umarnin da ke sama, zai cire duk tsoffin kernels da ba a yi amfani da su ba kuma ya ci gaba da gudana da tsohuwar kwaya a matsayin madadin.

Fedora yanzu yana amfani da mai sarrafa fakitin yum, don haka kuna buƙatar amfani da wannan umarnin da ke ƙasa don cire tsoffin kernels akan Fedora.

# dnf remove $(dnf repoquery --installonly --latest-limit 2 -q) 

Wata madadin hanyar cire tsoffin kwaya ta atomatik shine saita iyakar kernel a cikin fayil yum.conf kamar yadda aka nuna.

installonly_limit=2		#set kernel count

Ajiye kuma rufe fayil ɗin. Lokaci na gaba da kuka gudanar da sabuntawa, kernels biyu kawai za a bar su akan tsarin.

Hakanan kuna iya son karanta waɗannan labarai masu alaƙa akan kernel Linux.

  1. Yadda ake lodawa da sauke Modulolin Kernel a Linux
  2. Yadda ake Haɓaka Kernel zuwa Sabon Sigar a cikin Ubuntu
  3. Yadda ake Canja Matsalolin Runtime na Kernel a cikin Dagewar Hanya da Mara Dagewa

A cikin wannan labarin, mun bayyana yadda ake cire tsoffin hotuna na kernel akan tsarin RHEL/CentOS/Fedora. Kuna iya raba kowane tunani ta hanyar ra'ayoyin daga ƙasa.