Yadda Ake Kirkirar Fayil Canjin Linux


A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bayyana swap sarari, da kuma koyi yadda za a ƙirƙira swap sarari ta amfani da swap fayil a Linux: wannan yana da muhimmanci idan ba mu da wani swap bangare halitta a kan rumbun kwamfutarka.

Swap sarari/bangare sarari ne akan faifai da aka ƙirƙira don amfani da tsarin aiki lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙwaƙwalwa gabaɗaya. Ana iya amfani dashi azaman ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya don tsarin; yana iya zama ko dai bangare ko fayil akan faifai.

Lokacin da kernel ya ƙare daga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, zai iya matsar da matakai marasa aiki/marasa aiki zuwa musanyawa ƙirƙirar ɗaki don matakai masu aiki a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar aiki. Wannan shi ne sarrafa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya wanda ya ƙunshi musanya sassan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya zuwa kuma daga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.

Da wannan ya ce, a ƙasa akwai matakan da za mu iya bi don ƙirƙirar wurin musanya ta amfani da fayil.

Yadda ake Ƙirƙiri da Kunna Canjawa a cikin Linux

1. A cikin wannan misali, za mu ƙirƙiri swap fayil mai girman 2GB ta amfani da umarnin dd kamar haka. Lura cewa bs=1024 yana nufin karantawa da rubuta har zuwa 1024 bytes a lokaci guda kuma ƙidaya = (1024 x 2048) girman fayil ɗin MB.

# dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/swapfile bs=1024 count=2097152

A madadin, yi amfani da umarnin fallocate kamar haka.

# fallocate --length 2GiB /mnt/swapfile

Sannan saita izini masu dacewa akan fayil ɗin; mai amfani da tushe kawai za a iya karanta shi kamar haka.

# chmod 600 /mnt/swapfile

2. Yanzu saita fayil ɗin don musanya sarari tare da umarnin mkwap.

# mkswap /mnt/swapfile

3. Na gaba, kunna fayil ɗin musanyawa kuma ƙara shi zuwa tsarin azaman fayil ɗin musanyawa.

# swapon /mnt/swapfile

4. Bayan haka, ba da damar swap fayil da za a saka a lokacin taya. Shirya fayil ɗin /etc/fstab kuma ƙara layin mai zuwa a ciki.

/mnt/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0

A cikin layin da ke sama, kowane filin yana nufin:

  • /mnt/swapfile - na'ura/ sunan fayil
  • swap – yana bayyana wurin hawan na'urar
  • swap - yana ƙayyade nau'in tsarin fayil
  • Defaults - yana bayyana zaɓuɓɓukan hawa
  • 0 - yana ƙayyade zaɓin da shirin juji yayi amfani da shi
  • 0 - yana ƙayyade zaɓin umarnin fsck

6. Don saita sau nawa fayil ɗin musanya zai iya amfani da kwaya, buɗe fayil /etc/sysctl.conf kuma ƙara layin da ke ƙasa.

Lura cewa ƙimar tsoho na yadda ake iya amfani da wuraren musanyawa akai-akai shine 60 (mafi girman ƙimar ita ce 100). Mafi girman lambar, yawan amfani da musanyar sararin samaniya ta kwaya. Lokacin da aka saita ƙimar zuwa 0, fayil ɗin musanyawa za a yi amfani da shi kawai idan tsarin aiki ya cika cikakken amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.

vm.swappiness=10

6. Yanzu tabbatar da swap fayil an halicce ta amfani da umarnin swapon.

# swapon  -s
OR
# free
OR
# cat  /proc/swaps

Za mu iya sake yin tsarin da zaɓin don aiwatar da canje-canjen da ke sama ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

# reboot

Ka tuna kuma karanta ta waɗannan jagororin sarrafa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar Linux masu amfani:

  1. Yadda ake share cache memory na RAM, Buffer da Swap Space akan Linux
  2. 10 'kyauta' Umarni don Duba Amfanin Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin Linux
  3. Smem - Yana ba da rahoton Amfani da Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Tsari da Tushen Mai Amfani a cikin Linux
  4. Nemi Manyan Tsarukan Gudu ta Mafi Girman Ƙwaƙwalwa da Amfani da CPU a Linux

Shi ke nan! Idan kuna da wasu batutuwa, yi amfani da fom ɗin amsa da ke ƙasa don aiko mana da kowace tambaya ko ƙarin ra'ayoyi masu mahimmanci ga wannan batu.