Yadda ake Shigar VNC Server akan RHEL 8

VNC (Virtual Network Computing) sanannen dandamali ne don musayar tebur na zane wanda ke ba ka damar samun dama daga nesa, duba da sarrafa sauran kwamfutoci kan hanyar sadarwa kamar Intanet.

VNC yana amfani da yarjejeniya ta Tsarin Tsarin Buffer na Tsarin Rama (RFB) kuma yana aiki akan ƙa'idar uwar garken abokin ciniki: sabar ta raba abubuwan da take fitarwa (vncserver) kuma abokin ciniki (vncviewer) ya haɗu zuwa sabar. Lura cewa kwamfutar nesa dole ne a shigar da yanayin tebur.

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bayyana yadda za a girka da saita VNC Remote Access a cikin sabon fitowar RHEL 8 Desktop ɗaba'a ta hanyar shirin tigervnc-server.

RHEL 8 tare da Instananan Shigowa
RHEL 8 tare da Subsaddamar Biyan Kuɗi na RedHat
RHEL 8 tare da Adireshin IP tsaye

Da zarar tsarin RHEL 8 naka ya cika abubuwan da aka lissafa a sama, a shirye kake ka saita shi azaman uwar garken VNC.

Mataki 1: Kashe Manajan Nunin Wayland da Bayar da X.org

1. Tsohuwar muhallin Desktop (DE) akan RHEL 8 shine GNOME wacce aka saita don amfani da hanyar sarrafa Wayland ta tsohuwa. Koyaya, Wayland ba ma'anar API mai nisa bane kamar X.org. Don haka, kuna buƙatar saita tsarinku don amfani da mai sarrafa nuni na X.org.

Bude fayil ɗin sanyi na GNOME Display Manager (GDM) ta amfani da editan layin umarni da kuka fi so.

# vi /etc/gdm/custom.conf

Ba damuwa wannan layin don tilasta allon shiga don amfani da Xorg.

WaylandEnable=false

Adana fayil ɗin kuma rufe shi.

Mataki 2: Shigar da VNC Server a cikin RHEL 8

2. TigerVNC (Tiger Virtual Network Computing) buɗaɗɗen tushe ne, tsarin da aka yi amfani da shi sosai don aikin raba tebur wanda ke ba ka damar sarrafa sauran kwamfutocin nesa.

# dnf install tigervnc-server tigervnc-server-module

3. Na gaba, canzawa zuwa ga mai amfani da kake son guduna ka kuma yi amfani da shirin VNC ta hanyar saita kalmar sirri ta uwar garken VNC (wanda ya kamata ya zama a kalla haruffa shida), kamar yadda aka nuna.

# su - tecmint
$ vncpasswd

Yanzu canzawa zuwa asusun asali ta hanyar aiwatar da umarnin fita.

$ exit

Mataki 3 Sanya VNC Server a RHEL 8

4. A wannan matakin, dole ne ku saita sabar TigerVNC don fara nuni ga mai amfani da ke sama akan tsarin. Fara ta ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin sanyi mai suna/etc/systemd/system/[email kamar haka.

# vi /etc/systemd/system/[email

Configurationara saitin da ke gaba a ciki (tuna maye gurbin tecmint da ainihin sunan mai amfanin ku).

[Unit] 
Description=Remote desktop service (VNC) 
After=syslog.target network.target 

[Service] 
Type=forking 
WorkingDirectory=/home/tecmint 
User=tecmint 
Group=tecmint 

PIDFile=/home/tecmint/.vnc/%H%i.pid 

ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :' 
ExecStart=/usr/bin/vncserver -autokill %i 
ExecStop=/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i 

[Install] 
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Adana fayil ɗin kuma rufe shi.

Kafin mu ci gaba, bari a takaice mu fahimci yadda sabar VNC ke sauraren buƙatu. Ta tsohuwa, VNC yana amfani da tashar TCP 5900 + N, inda N shine lambar nunawa. Idan lambar nunawa 1 , to uwar garken VNC zata gudana akan lamba ta 5901. Wannan ita ce tashar da zaku yi amfani da ita yayin haɗawa zuwa sabar, daga abokin ciniki.

Mataki na 4: Enable Sabis na VNC a cikin RHEL 8

5. Don fara sabis ɗin VNC, kuna buƙatar musaki SELinux wanda ke tilasta yanayin ta tsoho akan RHEL 8.

# setenforce 0
# sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

6. Yanzu sake loda tsarin sarrafa manajan tsarin don amfani da sauye-sauyen kwanan nan sannan fara sabis na VNC, ba shi damar farawa ta atomatik a lokacin buɗa tsarin kuma bincika idan yana aiki da aiki ta amfani da umarnin systemctl masu zuwa.

# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl start [email :1
# systemctl status [email :1
# systemctl enable [email :1

7. A wannan gaba, sabis na VNC yana aiki kuma yana aiki, tabbatar cewa sabar VNC tana sauraron tashar TCP 5901 ta amfani da umarnin netstat.

# netstat -tlnp

8. Na gaba, buɗe tashar jiragen ruwa 5901 a cikin sabis ɗin Firewall na tsarin wanda ke gudana ta tsohuwa, kamar yadda aka nuna. Wannan yana ba da damar isa ga sabis na VNC daga abokan ciniki.

# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=5901/tcp
# firewall-cmd --reload

Mataki 5: Haɗa zuwa VNC Server ta Abokin Cinikin VNC

9. Yanzu lokaci yayi da za a duba yadda ake samun damar sabar VNC daga bangaren abokin harka. VNC ba amintaccen tsari bane ta hanyar ma'ana ma'anar hanyoyin haɗin ku ba a ɓoye suke ba kwata-kwata. Amma zaka iya amintar da haɗin kai daga abokin harka zuwa sabar ta amfani da dabarar da aka sani da ramin SSH kamar yadda aka bayyana a ƙasa.

Ka tuna cewa kana buƙatar saita ingantaccen kalmar sirri ta SSH tsakanin sabar da masarrafar abokin ciniki, don haɓaka aminci tsakanin tsarin Linux biyu.

Bayan haka a kan mashin ɗin abokin cinikin Linux, buɗe taga mai buɗewa kuma gudanar da umarni mai zuwa don ƙirƙirar ramin SSH zuwa uwar garken VNC (kar a manta da sauya hanyar zuwa fayil ɗin asali (~/.ssh/rhel8) da adireshin IP (192.168. 56.110) na saba daidai):

$ ssh -i ~/.ssh/rhel8 -L 5901:127.0.0.1:5901 -N -f -l tecmint 192.168.56.110

10. Bayan ƙirƙirar rami na SSH, zaku iya girka abokin ciniki vncviewer kamar su TigerVNC Viewer akan mashin ɗin abokin ciniki.

$ sudo apt install tigervnc-viewer         #Ubuntu/Debian
# yum install tigervnc-viewer              #CnetOS/RHEL
# yum install tigervnc-viewer              #Fedora 22+
$ sudo zypper install tigervnc-viewer      #OpenSUSE
# pacman -S tigervnc                       #Arch Linux

11. Lokacin da kafuwa ta kammala, gudanar da abokin ciniki na VNC, saka adireshin localhost: 5901 don haɗawa don nuna 1 kamar haka.

$ vncviewer localhost:5901
OR
$ vncviewer 127.0.0.1:5901

Ko kuma, bincika kuma buɗe shirin abokin ciniki na VNC daga menu ɗin tsarin, sannan shigar da adireshin da ke sama sannan danna Haɗa kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke gaba.

Idan haɗin haɗin ya yi nasara, za a sa ku don kalmar shiga ta VNC da aka ƙirƙira a baya a Mataki na 2, aya na 3. Bayar da ita kuma danna OK don ci gaba.

Bayan ingantaccen ingancin uwar garken VNC, za a gabatar da kai tare da tsarin RHEL 8 mai nisa na tebur. Danna Shigar don samun damar duba hanyar shiga da samar da kalmar wucewa don samun damar tebur.

A cikin wannan labarin, mun nuna yadda ake girka da saita sabar VNC akan RHEL 8. Kamar yadda aka saba, zaku iya yin tambayoyi ta hanyar hanyar neman amsa a ƙasa.