Yadda ake Sanya Sabon Python 3.6 Version a cikin Linux

Manyan jami'o'i da yawa a duniya suna amfani da Python don gabatar da ɗalibai zuwa shirye-shirye. Cibiyar Fasaha ta Massachusetts (MIT), Jami'ar Texas a Arlington, da Stanford kaɗan ne kawai na misalan cibiyoyin da ke amfani da wannan harshe sosai.

Bugu da ƙari, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa Python kuma yana da amfani ga nau'ikan ilimi, kasuwanci, da dalilai na kimiyya - daga haɓaka gidan yanar gizo zuwa aikace-aikacen tebur zuwa koyon injin da duk abin da ke tsakanin.

A halin yanzu, akwai manyan nau'ikan Python guda biyu da ake amfani da su - 2 da 3, tare da 2 da sauri rasa filaye zuwa 3 tunda tsohon baya ƙarƙashin ci gaba mai ƙarfi. Tunda duk rarrabawar Linux ta zo tare da shigar Python 2.x.

A cikin wannan labarin za mu nuna yadda ake shigarwa da amfani da Python 3.x a cikin CentOS/RHEL 7, Debian da abubuwan da suka samo asali kamar Ubuntu (sabon LTS version riga an shigar da Python na baya) ko Linux Mint. Mayar da hankalinmu shine shigar da ainihin kayan aikin harshe waɗanda za a iya amfani da su a cikin layin umarni.

Duk da haka, za mu kuma bayyana yadda ake shigar da Python IDLE - kayan aiki na GUI wanda ke ba mu damar gudanar da lambar Python da ƙirƙirar ayyuka na tsaye.

Sanya Python 3.6 a cikin Linux

A lokacin wannan rubutun (Oktoba 2017), sabbin nau'ikan Python 3.x da ake samu a cikin CentOS/RHEL 7 da Debian 8/9 sune 3.4 da 3.5 bi da bi.

Kodayake za mu iya shigar da ainihin fakitin da abubuwan dogaronsu ta amfani da apt-get), za mu yi bayanin yadda ake aiwatar da shigarwa daga tushe maimakon.

Me yasa? Dalilin yana da sauƙi: wannan yana ba mu damar samun sabuwar barga na harshe (3.6) da kuma samar da hanyar shigarwa-agnostic.

Kafin shigar da Python a cikin CentOS 7, bari mu tabbatar cewa tsarinmu yana da duk abin dogaro na ci gaba:

# yum -y groupinstall development
# yum -y install zlib-devel

A cikin Debian za mu buƙaci shigar da gcc, yin, da ɗakin karatu na matsawa/decompression zlib:

# aptitude -y install gcc make zlib1g-dev

Don shigar da Python 3.6, gudanar da umarni masu zuwa:

# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.3/Python-3.6.3.tar.xz
# tar xJf Python-3.6.3.tar.xz
# cd Python-3.6.3
# ./configure
# make
# make install

Yanzu shakata kuma ku je ku ɗauki sanwici saboda wannan na iya ɗaukar ɗan lokaci. Lokacin da shigarwa ya cika, yi amfani da wanda don tabbatar da wurin babban binary:

# which python3
# python3 -V

Fitowar umarnin da ke sama yakamata yayi kama da:

Don fita Python faɗakarwa, kawai rubuta.

quit()
or
exit()

kuma danna Shigar.

Taya murna! Yanzu an shigar da Python 3.6 akan tsarin ku.

Sanya Python IDLE a cikin Linux

Python IDLE kayan aiki ne na tushen GUI don Python. Idan kuna son shigar da IDLE na Python, ɗauki kunshin mai suna mara amfani (Debian) ko kayan aikin python (CentOS).

# apt-get install idle       [On Debian]
# yum install python-tools   [On CentOS]

Buga umarni mai zuwa don fara Python IDLE.

# idle

A cikin wannan labarin mun yi bayanin yadda ake shigar da sabon sigar Python barga daga tushe.

Ƙarshe, amma ba kalla ba, idan kuna zuwa daga Python 2, kuna iya so ku dubi takardun hukuma na 2to3. Wannan shiri ne da ke karanta Python 2 code kuma ya canza shi zuwa lambar Python 3 mai inganci.

Kuna da wasu tambayoyi ko sharhi game da wannan labarin? Jin kyauta don tuntuɓar mu ta amfani da fom ɗin da ke ƙasa.