Hanyoyi 3 don Share Fayiloli da Kuɗi a Tsaye da Amintacce a cikin Linux

A mafi yawan lokuta hanyoyin da muke amfani da su don share fayil daga kwamfutocin mu kamar ta amfani da maɓallin Share, fayilolin sharar gida ko umarnin rm, waɗanda ba sa cire fayil ɗin dindindin kuma amintacce. Hard faifai (ko kowane kafofin watsa labarai na ajiya).

Fayil ɗin yana ɓoye kawai daga masu amfani kuma yana zaune a wani wuri akan rumbun kwamfutarka. Ana iya dawo da shi ta barayin bayanai, jami'an tsaro ko wasu barazana.

Dauka cewa fayil ya ƙunshi keɓaɓɓun abun ciki ko sirri kamar sunayen masu amfani da kalmomin shiga na tsarin tsaro, mai hari tare da ilimin da ya dace da ƙwarewa zai iya samun sauƙin kwafin fayil ɗin da aka goge kuma ya sami damar waɗannan takaddun shaidar mai amfani (kuma ƙila za ku iya hasashen sakamakon irin wannan. kamar yadda labari).

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bayyana adadin kayan aikin layin umarni don dindindin da share fayiloli a cikin Linux.

1. Shred - Rubuta Fayil don Boye abun ciki

shred yana sake rubuta fayil don ɓoye abubuwan da ke ciki, kuma yana iya share shi da zaɓin.

$ shred -zvu -n  5 passwords.list

A cikin umarnin da ke ƙasa, zaɓuɓɓuka:

  1. -z - yana ƙara rubutu na ƙarshe tare da sifili don ɓoye shredding
  2. -v - yana ba da damar nuna ci gaban aiki
  3. -u - yana yanke kuma yana cire fayil bayan an sake rubutawa
  4. -n - yana ƙayyade adadin lokuta don sake rubuta abun cikin fayil (tsoho shine 3)

Kuna iya samun ƙarin zaɓuɓɓukan amfani da bayani a cikin shred man page:

$ man shred

2. Shafa - Ajiye Fayiloli a cikin Linux

Umurnin gogewa na Linux amintacce yana goge fayiloli daga ƙwaƙwalwar maganadisu kuma ta haka yana sa ba zai yiwu a dawo da fayilolin da aka goge ko abun cikin directory ba.

Da farko, kuna buƙatar shigar da kayan aikin gogewa don yin shi, gudanar da umarnin da ya dace a ƙasa:

$ sudo apt-get install wipe   [On Debian and its derivatives]
$ sudo yum install wipe       [On RedHat based systems]

Umurni mai zuwa zai lalata duk abin da ke ƙarƙashin kundin adireshi na sirri.

$ wipe -rfi private/*

inda aka yi amfani da tutocin:

  1. -r - yana gaya wa goge don sake komawa cikin kundin adireshi
  2. -f - yana ba da damar gogewar tilastawa kuma ya kashe tambayar tabbatarwa
  3. -i - yana nuna ci gaban aikin sharewa

Lura: Shafa kawai yana aiki dogara akan ƙwaƙwalwar maganadisu, don haka yi amfani da sauran hanyoyin don fayafai masu ƙarfi (ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya).

Karanta ta cikin shafin goge man don ƙarin zaɓuɓɓukan amfani da umarni:

$ man wipe

3. Tabbataccen kayan aikin sharewa don Linux

Secure-Delete tarin amintattun kayan aikin share fayil ne, wanda ya ƙunshi kayan aikin srm (secure_deletion), wanda ake amfani da shi don cire fayiloli amintacce.

Da farko kuna buƙatar shigar da shi ta amfani da umarnin da ya dace a ƙasa:

$ sudo apt-get install secure-delete   [On Debian and its derivatives]
$ sudo yum install secure-delete       [On RedHat based systems]

Da zarar an shigar, zaku iya amfani da kayan aikin srm don cire fayiloli ko kundayen adireshi amintattu akan tsarin Linux kamar haka.

$ srm -vz private/*

inda zabukan da aka yi amfani da su:

  1. -v - yana ba da damar yanayin magana
  2. -z - yana goge rubutu na ƙarshe da sifili maimakon bayanan bazuwar

Karanta ta shafin srm man don ƙarin zaɓuɓɓukan amfani da bayani:

$ man srm

4. cika -Secure Free Disk/Inode Space Wiper

sfill wani ɓangare ne na kayan aikin gogewa mai aminci, amintaccen diski ne na kyauta da inode sarari, yana share fayiloli akan sararin diski kyauta ta hanyar amintacciyar hanya. sfill yana bincika sarari kyauta akan ƙayyadadden bangare kuma ya cika shi da bayanan bazuwar daga /dev/urandom.

Umurnin da ke ƙasa zai aiwatar da sfill akan tushen bangare na, tare da -v yana kunna yanayin magana:

$ sudo sfill -v /home/aaronkilik/tmp/

Da ɗaukan ka ƙirƙiri wani bangare na daban, /gida don adana kundayen adireshi na gida masu amfani da tsarin na yau da kullun, zaku iya ƙirƙira wani kundin adireshi akan wannan ɓangaren don amfani da sfill akansa:

$ sudo sfill -v /home/username

Waɗannan ƴan ƙayyadaddun ƙarancin cikawa ne waɗanda zaku iya karantawa game da su a cikin shafin mutum, inda zaku iya samun ƙarin tutoci da umarnin amfani:

$ man sfill

Lura: Waɗannan kayan aikin guda biyu masu zuwa (sswap da sdmem) a cikin amintattun kayan aikin sharewa ba su da dacewa kai tsaye ga iyakar wannan jagorar, duk da haka, za mu bayyana su don manufar ilimi da amfani na gaba.

5. musanya – Amintaccen gogewar musanya

Yana da amintaccen goge goge partition, sswap yana share bayanan da ke cikin ɓangaren musanyar ku a cikin amintaccen tsari.

Tsanaki: tuna don kwance sashin musanyawa kafin amfani da sswap! In ba haka ba na'urar ku na iya faduwa!

Kawai ƙayyade ku musanya bangare (kuma duba idan an kunna paging da musanya na'urori/fayil ta amfani da umarnin swapon), na gaba, musaki paging da musanyawa na'urorin/fayiloli tare da umarnin swapoff (yana sa swap bangare mara amfani).

Sa'an nan kuma gudanar da umurnin sswap a kan swap partition:

$ cat /proc/swaps 
$ swapon
$ sudo swapoff /dev/sda6
$ sudo sswap /dev/sda6    #this command may take some time to complete with 38 default passes

Yi ƙoƙari don karanta ta shafin mutumin sswap don ƙarin zaɓuɓɓukan amfani da bayani:

$ man sswap

6. sdmem – Amintaccen mai goge ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya

sdmem amintaccen gogewar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ne, an ƙera shi don cire bayanan da ke cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ku (RAM) cikin amintaccen tsari.

Asalin sunan shi smem - bayar da rahoton amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya akan kowane tsari da kowane mai amfani, mai haɓakawa ya yanke shawarar sake suna sdmem.

$ sudo sdmem -f -v

Don ƙarin bayanin amfani, karanta ta shafin sdmem man:

$ man sdmem

Shi ke nan! A cikin wannan labarin, mun sake nazarin kayan aikin layin umarni na lamba don dindindin da kuma share fayiloli cikin aminci a cikin Linux. Kamar yadda aka saba, ba da ra'ayoyinku ko shawarwari game da post ta hanyar sharhin da ke ƙasa.