Shigar da Samba4 akan RHEL 8 don Raba Fayil akan Windows


Samba shine tushen buɗaɗɗen tushe, mai sauri, amintacce, kwanciyar hankali kuma ana amfani dashi sosai tsarin tsarin hanyar sadarwa wanda ke ba da raba fayil da ayyukan bugawa ga duk abokan ciniki ta amfani da yarjejeniyar SMB/CIFS, kamar Linux, duk sifofin DOS da Windows, OS/2, da sauran tsarin aiki da yawa.

A cikin labarinmu da ya gabata, munyi bayanin yadda ake girka Samba4 akan CentOS/RHEL 7 don rarraba fayil ɗin asali tsakanin tsarin CentOS/RHEL da injunan Windows. Inda muka koyi yadda ake tsara Samba don ba a san su ba da kuma amintaccen raba fayil tsakanin injina.

A cikin wannan labarin, zamu bayyana yadda ake girka da saita Samba4 akan RHEL 8 don raba fayil ɗin faɗi tare da injunan Windows.

Shigar da Samba4 a cikin RHEL 8

1. Don girka Samba 4 tare da masu dogaro da shi sun yi amfani da mai sarrafa kunshin DNF kamar yadda aka nuna.

# dnf install samba samba-client samba-common

2. Da zarar an gama girkawa, fara sabis din Sambe, a bashi damar fara amfani da shi ta atomatik a lokacin buat din tsarin sannan a tabbatar da wannan aikin ta amfani da umarnin systemctl kamar haka.

# systemctl start smb
# systemctl enable smb
# systemctl status smb

3. Na gaba, idan kuna da fasalin wuta, kuna buƙatar ƙara sabis na Samba a cikin daidaitawar katangar don ba da damar isa ga kundin adireshi da fayiloli ta hanyar tsarin.

$ sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=samba
$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload

Sanya Samba4 akan RHEL 8

4. Don saita Samba don raba fayil, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar kwafin ajiya na tsoho fayil ɗin daidaita samba wanda ya zo tare da saitunan tsari kafin tsari da kuma umarnin daidaitawa iri-iri.

# cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.orig

Yanzu, ci gaba gaba don daidaita samba don ba da amintaccen amintaccen sabis ɗin raba fayil kamar yadda aka bayyana a ƙasa.

5. A wannan sashin, mataki na farko shine ƙirƙirar kundin adireshi wanda zai adana fayiloli akan sabar. Sa'an nan kuma ayyana dace izini a kan shugabanci kamar yadda aka nuna.

# mkdir -p /srv/samba/anonymous
# chmod -R 0777 /srv/samba/anonymous
# chown -R nobody:nobody /srv/samba/anonymous

6. Na gaba, ta amfani da chcon utility, canza yanayin tsaro na SELinux don kundin samba da aka raba.

 
# chcon -t samba_share_t /srv/samba/anonymous

7. Yanzu buɗe fayil ɗin daidaitawa ta amfani da editan fayil ɗin da kuka fi so don saita fayil ɗin da ba shi da tsaro wanda ba a san shi ba a kan kundin adireshi.

# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf

Gyara sigogin duniya masu zuwa sannan ka kara wani bangare don rabon suna. Lura cewa zaku iya saita darajojinku a inda ya cancanta (karanta mutum smb.conf don ƙarin bayani).

[global]
        workgroup = WORKGROUP
        netbios name = rhel
        security = user
...
[Anonymous]
        comment = Anonymous File Server Share
        path = /srv/samba/anonymous
        browsable =yes
        writable = yes
        guest ok = yes
        read only = no
        force user = nobody

Adana canje-canje a cikin fayil ɗin kuma rufe.

8. Sa'an nan kuma gudanar da umarni mai zuwa don tabbatarwa idan daidaitawar ta kasance daidai.

# testparm 
Load smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.conf 
rlimit_max: increasing rlimit_max (1024) to minimum Windows limit (16384) 
Unknown parameter encountered: "netbios" 
Ignoring unknown parameter "netbios" 
Processing section "[homes]" 
Processing section "[printers]" 
Processing section "[print$]" 
Processing section "[Anonymous]" 
Loaded services file OK. 
Server role: ROLE_STANDALONE 

Press enter to see a dump of your service definitions 

# Global parameters 
[global] 
       printcap name = cups 
       security = USER 
       idmap config * : backend = tdb 
       cups options = raw 
[homes] 
       browseable = No 
       comment = Home Directories 
       inherit acls = Yes 
       read only = No 
       valid users = %S %D%w%S 

[printers] 
       browseable = No 
       comment = All Printers 
       create mask = 0600 
       path = /var/tmp 
       printable = Yes                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                          
[print$]                                                                                                                                
       comment = Printer Drivers                                                                                                                  
       create mask = 0664                                                                                                                         
       directory mask = 0775                                                                                                                      
       force group = @printadmin                                                                                                                  
       path = /var/lib/samba/drivers 
       write list = @printadmin root 


[Anonymous] 
       comment = Anonymous File Server Share 
       force user = nobody 
       guest ok = Yes 
       path = /srv/samba/anonymous 
       read only = No

9. Idan daidaitawar Samba yayi kyau, ci gaba da sake kunna aikin samba don canje-canjen kwanan nan ya fara aiki.

# systemctl restart smb

10. A ƙarshe, gwada idan ragin Anonymous yana aiki da kyau, shiga cikin masarrafar Windows ɗinka, buɗe Windows Explorer, danna kan hanyar sadarwa, sannan danna kan RHEL mai masaukin, ko amfani da adireshin IP ɗin uwar garke don samun dama gare shi (yana gudana ip add command on uwar garke zai iya taimaka muku don duba adireshin IP).

e.g. 2.168.43.198

11. Na gaba, buɗe kundin adireshi mara suna kuma gwada ƙara fayiloli a ciki don rabawa tare da sauran masu amfani.

12. Don kirkirar kundin adireshi mai aminci, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar rukunin tsarin Samba. Duk masu amfani da hannun jarin da aka kulla za'a saka su cikin wannan rukunin. Zaka iya amfani da umarnin groupadd don ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar kamar haka.

# groupadd smbgrp

Don haka yi amfani da umarnin mai amfani don ƙara duk masu amfani, misali, tecmint zuwa ƙungiyar kuma saita kalmar sirri ga kowane mai amfani kamar yadda aka nuna.

# usermod tecmint -aG smbgrp
# smbpasswd -a tecmint

13. Na gaba, ƙirƙiri amintaccen kundin adireshi wanda zai amintar da ajiyayyun fayiloli, sannan saita izini masu dacewa akan kundin. Hakanan, canza yanayin tsaro na SELinux don kundin adireshi kamar haka.

# mkdir -p /srv/samba/secure
# chmod -R 0770 /srv/samba/secure
# chown -R root:smbgrp /srv/samba/secure
# chcon -t samba_share_t /srv/samba/secure

14. Na gaba, bude fayil din sanyi don gyara.

# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf

Kuma ƙara sashin da ke gaba a ƙarshen fayil ɗin.

[Secure]
        comment = Secure File Server Share
        path =  /srv/samba/secure
        valid users = @smbgrp
        guest ok = no
        writable = yes
        browsable = yes

Adana canje-canje kuma rufe fayil ɗin.

15. Na gaba, sake tabbatar da daidaitawar samba, ta hanyar tafiyar da umarnin takaddama.

# testparm

16. Sake kunna sabis na Samba don amfani da canje-canje.

# systemctl restart smb.service
# systemctl restart nmb.service

Gwajin amintaccen Samba Fayil na Raba

17. A ƙarshe, gwada idan Sakamakon amintacce yana aiki lafiya. Daga mashin dinka na Windows, bude Windows Explorer, saika latsa Network, sannan ka danna kan RHEL host, ko kuma kayi kokarin samin sabar ta amfani da IP address dinta kamar yadda bayani ya gabata.

e.g. 2.168.43.198

Za a umarce ku da shigar da sunan mai amfani da kalmar wucewa don shiga sabar RHEL 8.

18. Da zarar ka shiga, zaka samu jerin dukkan kundayen samba da aka raba. Yanzu zaku iya raba wasu fayilolin amintattu tare da sauran masu amfani da aka halatta akan hanyar sadarwar ta ƙara fayiloli a cikin amintaccen kundin adireshi.

Shi ke nan! A cikin wannan labarin, mun nuna yadda ake girka da saita Samba 4 a cikin RHEL 8 don amintaccen raba fayil tare da injunan Windows. Shin kuna da wasu tambayoyi ko tsokaci dangane da wannan jagorar, yi amfani da fom ɗin da ke ƙasa don isa gare mu.