Debian GNU/Linux Ranar Haihuwa: Shekaru 23 na Tafiya kuma Har yanzu ana ƙirgawa…


A ranar 16 ga Agusta, 2016, aikin Debian ya yi bikin cika shekaru 23, yana mai da shi ɗaya daga cikin tsofaffin sanannen rarraba a cikin buɗaɗɗen tushen duniya. Debian aikin an yi shi ne kuma aka kafa shi a cikin shekara ta 1993 a ƙarshen Ian Murdock. A wannan lokacin Slackware ya riga ya sami halarta mai ban mamaki a matsayin ɗayan farkon Rarraba Linux.

Ian Ashley Murdock, injiniyan software na Amurka ta hanyar sana'a, ya ɗauki ra'ayin aikin Debian, lokacin da yake dalibi na Jami'ar Purdue. Ya sanya wa aikin suna Debian bayan sunan budurwarsa a lokacin Debra Lynn(Deb) da sunansa. Daga baya ya aure ta sannan ya sake aure a watan Janairun 2008.

Debian (kamar Slackware) shine sakamakon rashin samun alamar Rarraba Linux, wancan lokacin. Ian a cikin wata hira ya ce - Samar da samfurin aji na farko ba tare da riba ba shine kawai manufar Debian Project. Ko Linux ba abin dogara ba ne kuma har zuwa alamar wannan lokacin. Na tuna…. Matsar da fayiloli tsakanin tsarin fayil da ma'amala da Fayil mai girma sau da yawa yana haifar da tsoro na Kernel. Duk da haka aikin Linux yana da alƙawarin Samar da Lambar Tushen kyauta da yuwuwar da ake ganin yana da inganci.

Na tuna… kamar kowa Ina so in warware matsala, gudanar da wani abu kamar UNIX a gida, amma ba zai yiwu ba… ba a fannin kuɗi ko bisa doka ba, a wata ma'ana. Sannan na san game da Ci gaban Kwayoyin GNU da rashin alaƙa da kowane irin lamuran doka, in ji shi.

Gidauniyar Software ta Kyauta (FSF) ce ta dauki nauyinsa a farkon lokacin da yake aiki akan Debian, hakanan kuma ya taimaki Debian ya dauki babban mataki duk da cewa Ian yana bukatar kammala karatunsa kuma saboda haka ya sami FSF kusan bayan shekara guda na tallafi.

Tarihin Ci gaban Debian

  1. Debian 0.01 - 0.09 : An sake shi tsakanin Agusta 1993 - Disamba 1993.
  2. Debian 0.91 - An sake shi a cikin Janairu 1994 tare da tsarin fakiti na farko, Babu abin dogaro.
  3. Debian 0.93 rc5 : Maris 1995. Shine fitowar zamani ta farko ta Debian, an yi amfani da dpkg don girka da kula da fakiti bayan shigar da tsarin tushe.
  4. Debian 0.93 rc6: An sake shi a cikin Nuwamba 1995. An sake shi na ƙarshe a.out, deselect ya fito a karon farko - 60 developers suna kula da fakiti, sannan a wancan lokacin.
  5. Debian 1.1: An sake shi a watan Yuni 1996. Sunan lamba - Buzz, Ƙirar fakiti - 474, Package Manager dpkg, Kernel 2.0, ELF.
  6. Debian 1.2: An sake shi a cikin Disamba 1996. Sunan lamba - Rex, Ƙirar fakiti - 848, Ƙididdiga na Masu haɓakawa - 120.
  7. Debian 1.3: An sake shi a watan Yuli 1997. Sunan lamba - Bo, ƙididdigar fakiti 974, Ƙididdiga masu haɓakawa - 200.
  8. Debian 2.0: An sake shi a cikin Yuli 1998. Sunan lamba: Hamm, Taimakawa ga gine-gine - Intel i386 da jerin Motorola 68000, Adadin Fakiti: 1500+, Yawan Masu haɓakawa: 400+, glibc haɗa.
  9. Debian 2.1: An sake shi a ranar 09 ga Maris, 1999. Sunan lamba – slink, support architecture Alpha and Sparc, wanda ya dace da hoto, Adadin kunshin – 2250.
  10. Debian 2.2: An sake shi a ranar 15 ga Agusta, 2000. Sunan lamba - Dankali, Gine-gine masu goyan baya - Intel i386, jerin Motorola 68000, Alpha, SUN Sparc, PowerPC da ARM architecture. Yawan fakiti: 3900+ (binary) da 2600+ (Source), Yawan Masu haɓakawa - 450. Akwai rukuni na mutane da aka yi nazari kuma sun zo tare da wata kasida mai suna Counting dankali, wanda ya nuna - Yadda ƙoƙarin software na kyauta zai iya haifar da wani abu. tsarin aiki na zamani duk da matsalolin da ke tattare da shi.
  11. Debian 3.0 : An sake shi a ranar 19 ga Yuli, 2002. Sunan lamba - woody, Architecture yana goyan bayan haɓaka - HP, PA_RISC, IA-64, MIPS da IBM, Sakin Farko a DVD, Ƙididdigar Kunshin - 8500+, Ƙididdiga Masu Haɓakawa - 900+ , Rubutun Rubutu.
  12. Debian 3.1: Saki a kan Yuni 6th, 2005. Lambar sunan - sarge, goyon bayan Architecture - daidai da woody + AMD64 - An saki tashar jiragen ruwa mara izini, Kernel - 2.4 qnd 2.6 jerin, Yawan Fakiti: 15000+, Yawan Masu Haɓakawa: 1500 +, fakiti kamar – OpenOffice Suite, Firefox Browser, Thunderbird, Gnome 2.8, kernel 3.3 Babban Tallafin Shigarwa: RAID, XFS, LVM, Mai sakawa Modular.
  13. Debian 4.0: An sake shi a kan Afrilu 8th, 2007. Sunan lamba - etch, goyon bayan gine-gine - daidai da sarge, ya haɗa da AMD64. Adadin fakiti: 18,200+ ƙidaya masu haɓakawa: 1030+, Mai saka hoto.
  14. Debian 5.0: An sake shi ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 2009. Sunan lamba - lenny, Tallafin Gine-gine - Daidai kamar da + ARM. Adadin fakiti: 23000+, ƙidaya masu haɓakawa: 1010+.
  15. Debian 6.0 : An sake shi ranar 29 ga Yuli, 2009. Sunan lamba - matsi, Kunshin ya haɗa : kernel 2.6.32, Gnome 2.3. Xorg 7.5, DKMS ya haɗa, tushen dogaro. Gine-gine : Daidai da na baya + kfreebsd-i386 da kfreebsd-amd64, Dogaro bisa booting.
  16. Debian 7.0: An sake shi a ranar 4 ga Mayu, 2013. Sunan lamba: wheezy, Taimako don Multiarch, Kayan aikin gajimare masu zaman kansu, Ingantaccen Mai sakawa, Ana buƙatar cirewa na ɓangare na uku, cikakken lambar multimedia-codec, Kernel 3.2, Xen Hypervisor 4.1.4 Adadin Kunshin: 37400+.
  17. Debian 8.0: An sake shi a ranar 25 ga Mayu, 2015 da Sunan lamba: Jessie, Systemd as the default init system, powered by Kernel 3.16, saurin booting, ƙungiyoyi don ayyuka, yuwuwar ware ɓangaren sabis, fakiti 43000+. Ana samun tsarin Sysvinit init a Jessie.
  18. Debian 8.5: An sake shi ranar 4 ga Yuni, 2016

Lura: Tushen farko na Linux Kernel ya kasance a kan Oktoba 05, 1991 kuma sakin farko na Debian ya kasance a kan Satumba 15, 1993. Don haka, Debian yana can na Shekaru 23 yana tafiyar da Linux Kernel wanda ke can na shekaru 25.

Bayanan Debian

An kashe shekarar 1994 wajen tsarawa da sarrafa ayyukan Debian domin ya kasance cikin sauƙi ga wasu su ba da gudummawa. Don haka ba a sami sakin masu amfani ba a wannan shekara duk da haka akwai wasu saki na ciki.

Ba a taɓa sakin Debian 1.0 ba. Kamfanin kera CDROM ta kuskuren yi masa lakabi da sigar da ba a fitar da ita a matsayin Debian 1.0. Don haka don guje wa rudani an fitar da Debian 1.0 a matsayin Debian 1.1 kuma tun daga nan ne kawai manufar Hotunan CDROM na hukuma suka wanzu.

Kowane sakin Debian hali ne na Labarin Toy.

Debian ya kasance yana samuwa a cikin tsohon barga, barga, gwaji da gwaji, kowane lokaci.

Aikin Debian ya ci gaba da yin aiki a kan rarraba mara kyau (mai suna sid, bayan mugun yaro daga Labarin Toy). Sid shine sunan dindindin don rarraba mara ƙarfi kuma ya kasance 'Har yanzu Yana Ci Gaba'. An yi niyyar sakin gwajin don zama ingantaccen saki na gaba kuma a halin yanzu ana masa suna jessie.

Rarraba aikin Debian ya haɗa da Software na Kyauta da OpenSource kawai kuma ba komai. Duk da haka samuwar gudummawar da Fakitin marasa kyauta yana ba da damar shigar da waɗancan fakitin waɗanda ke da kyauta amma abin dogaronsu ba su da lasisi kyauta (gudanarwa) da Fakitin lasisi a ƙarƙashin softwares marasa kyauta.

Debian ita ce mahaifiyar yawancin rarraba Linux. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan sun haɗa da:

  1. Damn Small Linux
  2. KNOPPIX
  3. Linux Advanced
  4. MEPIS
  5. Ubuntu
  6. 64studio (Babu sauran aiki)
  7. LMDE

Debian ita ce Rarraba Linux mafi girma a duniya mara kasuwanci. An rubuta shi a cikin C (32.1%) yaren shirye-shirye kuma ya huta a cikin wasu harsuna 70.

Aikin Debian ya ƙunshi 68.5 miliyan ainihin wurin (layukan lamba) + 4.5 miliyan layukan sharhi da farar sarari.

Tashar sararin samaniya ta kasa da kasa ta watsar da Windows & Red Hat don daukar Debian - Waɗannan 'yan sama jannati suna amfani da sakewa guda ɗaya - yanzu matsi don kwanciyar hankali da ƙarfi daga al'umma.

Godiya ga Allah! Wanene zai ji kukan daga sararin samaniya akan Windows Metro Screen: P

A ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 2002 Jami'ar Twente Network Operation Center (NOC) ta kama wuta. Hukumar kashe gobara ta daina kare yankin uwar garken. NOC ta karbi bakuncin satie.debian.org wanda ya haɗa da Tsaro, tarihin ba na Amurka ba, Sabon Mai Kulawa, tabbacin inganci, bayanan bayanai - Komai ya koma toka. Daga baya an sake gina waɗannan ayyukan ta debian.

Na gaba a cikin jerin shine Debian 9, sunan lambar - Stretch, abin da zai kasance har yanzu ba a bayyana ba. Mafi kyawun har yanzu yana zuwa, Jira kawai!

Rarraba da yawa sun bayyana a cikin nau'in Linux Distro sannan suka ɓace. A mafi yawan lokuta sarrafa yayin da yake girma ya kasance damuwa. Amma tabbas ba haka lamarin yake a Debian ba. Yana da ɗaruruwan dubunnan masu haɓakawa da masu kulawa a duk faɗin duniya. Distro ɗaya ne wanda yake can daga farkon kwanakin Linux.

Ba za a iya auna gudummawar Debian a cikin yanayin yanayin Linux da kalmomi ba. Idan da babu Debian, da Linux ba ta kasance mai wadata sosai da abokantaka ba. Debian yana cikin ɗaya daga cikin disto wanda ake ɗaukar abin dogaro sosai, amintacce kuma barga kuma kyakkyawan zaɓi don Sabar Yanar Gizo.

Wannan shine farkon Debian. Ya yi nisa kuma yana tafiya. Gaba yana nan! Duniya tana nan! Idan baku yi amfani da Debian ba har yanzu, Me kuke Jira. Kawai Zazzage Hoton ku ku fara, zamu kasance anan idan kun sami matsala.

Shafin Gida na Debian