Yadda ake Amfani da Axel azaman Mai Sauke Mai Sauke don Saukar FTP da Zazzagewar HTTP


Idan kun kasance irin mutumin da ke jin daɗin zazzagewa da gwada mai saurin saukewa wanda ke magana da magana kuma yana tafiya - wanda ke yin abin da bayaninsa ya faɗi.

A cikin wannan jagorar, za mu gabatar muku da Axel, ƙaramin wget clone mai nauyi wanda ba abin dogaro ba (ban da gcc da kayan shafa).

Kodayake bayaninsa ya bayyana cewa ya dace musamman don tsarin byte-m, ana iya shigar da axel a ko'ina kuma ana amfani da shi ba kawai don saukar da fayiloli da yawa a lokaci ɗaya akan hanyoyin HTTP/FTP ba amma kuma don hanzarta su.

Shigar da Axel, Mai Sauke Mai Sauke Layin Umurnin don Linux

Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, axel ba kawai wani kayan aikin zazzagewa bane. Yana haɓaka zazzagewar HTTP da FTP ta hanyar amfani da haɗe-haɗe da yawa don dawo da fayiloli daga inda ake nufi kuma ana iya daidaita su don amfani da madubai da yawa kuma.

Idan wannan bai isa ya sami kwarin gwiwa don gwada shi ba, bari kawai mu ƙara cewa axel yana goyan bayan zubar da ciki ta atomatik da ci gaba da haɗin gwiwa waɗanda ba su da amsa ko ba su dawo da kowane bayanai ba bayan ɗan lokaci.

Bugu da kari, idan kuna da izinin yin hakan, zaku iya ba da damar yin amfani da axel don buɗe haɗe-haɗe na FTP masu yawa a lokaci guda zuwa uwar garken don ninka bandwidth da aka keɓance kowane haɗi.

Idan ba a ba ku damar yin wannan ba ko kuma ba ku da tabbas game da shi, maimakon haka za ku iya buɗe haɗe-haɗe da yawa don raba sabar da zazzagewa daga dukkansu a lokaci guda.

A ƙarshe amma ba kalla ba, axel ya bambanta da sauran masu saurin saukar da Linux ta yadda yana sanya duk bayanan a cikin fayil guda a lokacin zazzagewa, sabanin rubuta bayanai don raba fayiloli da haɗa su a wani mataki na gaba.

A cikin CentOS/RHEL 8/7, kuna buƙatar kunna ma'ajiyar EPEL don shigar da axel:

# yum install epel-release
# yum install axel

A cikin Fedora, yana samuwa daga tsoffin ma'ajin.

# yum install axel   
# dnf install axel   [On Fedora 23+ releases]

A cikin Debian da abubuwan haɓaka kamar Ubuntu da Linux Mint, zaku iya shigar da axel kai tsaye tare da ƙwarewa:

# aptitude install axel

A kan Arch Linux da distros masu alaƙa kamar Manjaro Linux da OpenSUSE Linux, zaku iya shigar da axel kai tsaye tare da:

$ sudo pacman -S axel       [On Arch/Manjaro]
$ sudo zypper install axel  [On OpenSUSE]

Da zarar an shigar da axel, bari mu nutse da ƙafafu biyu.

Yana daidaita Axel - Mai Sauke Mai Sauke Linux

Kuna iya saita axel ta amfani da /etc/axelrc kuma ku wuce ƙarin zaɓuɓɓukan da ake so a cikin layin umarni lokacin da kuka kira shi. Fayil ɗin daidaitawa yana da rubuce sosai amma za mu sake nazarin zaɓuɓɓukan mafi fa'ida anan:

reconnect_delay shine adadin sakan da axel zai jira kafin sake ƙoƙarin fara sabon haɗi zuwa uwar garken.

max_speed yana bayyana kansa. Ana ba da ƙima a cikin bytes a sakan daya (B/s). Kuna iya saita wannan canjin zuwa ƙimar da ta dace bayan la'akari da samuwan bandwidth ɗin ku. Wannan zai taimake ka ka hana axel cinye babban adadin bandwidth yayin da yake saukewa.

Muhimmi: Da fatan za a lura cewa ainihin matsakaicin adadin zazzagewa zai dogara ne akan haɗin Intanet ɗin ku - yana tafiya ba tare da faɗi cewa saita max_speed zuwa 5 MB/s ba ba zai yi komai ba idan haɗin Intanet ɗinku ya ƙaru a 1.22 MB/ s (kamar yadda ya kasance a cikin akwati na, kamar yadda za ku gani a cikin misalan da ke ƙasa - Na bar wannan darajar ne kawai don yin batu).

num_connections shine matsakaicin adadin haɗin haɗin da axel zai yi ƙoƙarin farawa. Ƙimar da aka ba da shawarar (4) ta isa ga mafi yawan lokuta kuma ana ba da ita galibi bisa dalilan girmamawa ga sauran masu amfani da FTP. Lura cewa wasu sabobin ƙila ba za su ƙyale haɗin kai da yawa ba.

connection_timeout yana nuna adadin sakan da axel zai jira don karɓar amsa kafin yunƙurin zubar da ciki da ci gaba ta atomatik.

http_proxy yana ba ku damar saita uwar garken wakili idan ba a saita canjin yanayi na HTTP_PROXY ba. Wannan m yana amfani da tsari iri ɗaya da HTTP_PROXY (http://: PORT).

no_proxy jerin yankuna ne na gida, waɗanda waƙafi suka rabu, waɗanda axel bai kamata ya yi ƙoƙarin isa ta hanyar wakili ba. Wannan saitin na zaɓi ne.

buffer_size yana wakiltar matsakaicin adadin, a cikin bytes, don karantawa daga duk haɗin yanar gizon yanzu a lokaci guda.

verbose yana baka damar zaɓar ko za a buga saƙonnin da ke da alaƙa da zazzagewa akan allo. Saita wannan zuwa 0 idan kuna son kashe shi, ko 1 idan kuna son ganin saƙon har yanzu.

interfaces yana baka damar lissafin hanyoyin sadarwa da ke da damar shiga Intanet, idan kana da fiye da ɗaya. Idan ba'a saita wannan a sarari ba, axel zai yi amfani da fara dubawa na farko a cikin tebirin kewayawa.

Ana samun zaɓuɓɓukan daidaitawa iri ɗaya daga:

# axel --help

Idan ka duba a hankali, za ka gane cewa yawancin zaɓuɓɓukan layin umarni suna kama da waɗanda ke cikin fayil ɗin sanyi. Ƙari ga haka, zaɓin -o (–fitarwa) zaɓi yana ba ka damar saka sunan fayil ɗin fitarwa.

Idan aka yi amfani da shi, zai soke sunan fayil ɗin tushen. Idan kun saita kowane zaɓin layin umarni, za su soke waɗanda aka saita a cikin fayil ɗin sanyi.

Yadda ake Amfani da Axel don Zazzage Fayiloli da Sauri a Linux

Za mu yi amfani da saitunan masu zuwa daga fayil ɗin daidaitawa (ra'alla da layukan da suka dace):

reconnect_delay = 20
max_speed = 500000
num_connections = 4
connection_timeout = 30
buffer_size = 10240
verbose = 1

Yanzu za mu kwatanta lokutan zazzagewa daga hanyoyin haɗin HTTP da FTP ta amfani da wget da axel. Kuna iya zaɓar kowane fayil na kowane girman, amma don sauƙi, za mu zazzage fayilolin 100 MB da ake samu daga:

  1. ftp://speedtest:[email kare]/test100Mb.db
  2. http://speedtest.ftp.otenet.gr/files/test100Mb.db

# wget ftp://speedtest:[email /test100Mb.db
# axel -n 10 --output=axel-test100Mb.db ftp://speedtest:[email /test100Mb.db
# wget http://speedtest.ftp.otenet.gr/files/test100Mb.db
# axel -n 10 --output=axel-test100Mb.db http://speedtest.ftp.otenet.gr/files/test100Mb.db

Kamar yadda kuke gani a cikin sakamakon gwajin da muka yi a sama, axel na iya hanzarta saukar da FTP ko HTTP sosai.

Takaitawa

A cikin wannan labarin, mun bayyana yadda ake amfani da axel, mai saurin saukewa na FTP/HTTP, kuma mun nuna yadda yake aiki da sauri fiye da sauran shirye-shirye kamar wget saboda yana iya buɗe hanyoyin haɗin kai da yawa zuwa sabar nesa.

Muna fatan abin da muka nuna a nan ya motsa ku don gwada axel. Jin kyauta don sanar da mu idan kuna da tambayoyi ko sharhi game da wannan labarin ta amfani da fom ɗin da ke ƙasa. Kullum muna fatan samun ra'ayi daga masu karatun mu.