Koyi Yadda Ake Saita Canjin PATH ɗinku Har abada a cikin Linux

A cikin Linux (kuma UNIX) PATH shine madaidaicin muhalli, ana amfani da shi don gaya wa harsashi inda za'a nemo fayilolin aiwatarwa. PATH m yana ba da babban sassauci da tsaro ga tsarin Linux kuma tabbas ba shi da haɗari a faɗi cewa yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman masu canjin yanayi.

Shirye-shiryen/rubutun da ke cikin kundin adireshin PATH, ana iya aiwatar da su kai tsaye a cikin harsashin ku, ba tare da ƙayyade cikakken hanyar zuwa gare su ba. A cikin wannan koyawa za ku koyi yadda ake saita canjin PATH a duniya da kuma cikin gida.

Da farko, bari mu ga ƙimar PATH ɗin ku na yanzu. Bude tasha kuma ba da umarni mai zuwa:

$ echo $PATH

Sakamakon yakamata ya kasance kamar haka:

/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games

Sakamakon yana nuna jerin kundayen adireshi da colons ya raba. Kuna iya ƙara ƙarin kundayen adireshi cikin sauƙi ta gyara fayil ɗin bayanin martabar harsashi na mai amfani.

A cikin harsashi daban-daban wannan na iya zama:

1. Bash harsashi -> ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bashrc ko bayanin martaba
2. Korn Shell -> ~/.kshrc ko .profile
3. Z harsashi -> ~/.zshrc  ko .zprofile

Lura cewa ya danganta da yadda kuke shiga tsarin da ake tambaya, ana iya karanta fayil daban-daban. Ga abin da littafin bash ya ce, ku tuna cewa fayilolin suna kama da sauran harsashi:

/bin/bash
The bash executable
/etc/profile
The systemwide initialization file, executed for login shells
~/.bash_profile
The personal initialization file, executed for login shells
~/.bashrc
The individual per-interactive-shell startup file
~/.bash_logout
The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when a login shell exits
~/.inputrc
Individual readline initialization file|

Yin la'akari da abin da ke sama, za ku iya ƙara ƙarin kundayen adireshi zuwa madaidaicin PATH ta hanyar ƙara layin mai zuwa zuwa fayil ɗin da ya dace da za ku yi amfani da shi:

$ export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/newdir

Tabbas a cikin misalin da ke sama, yakamata ku canza “/hanyar/zuwa/newdir” tare da ainihin hanyar da kuke son saitawa. Da zarar kun canza fayil ɗin .*rc ko .*_profile ɗin ku kuna buƙatar sake kiransa ta amfani da umarnin source.

Misali a cikin bash zaka iya yin haka:

$ source ~/.bashrc

A ƙasa, zaku iya ganin misali na muhalli na PATH akan kwamfutar gida:

[email [TecMint]:[/home/marin] $ echo $PATH

/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/home/marin/bin

Wannan haƙiƙa kyakkyawar al'ada ce don ƙirƙirar babban fayil na bin na gida ga masu amfani inda za su iya sanya fayilolin da za a iya aiwatarwa. Kowane mai amfani zai sami babban fayil ɗin sa don adana abubuwan da ke ciki. Wannan kuma kyakkyawan ma'auni ne don kiyaye tsarin ku.

Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi ko matsaloli saita canjin yanayin PATH ku, da fatan a yi jinkirin ƙaddamar da tambayoyinku a cikin sashin sharhin da ke ƙasa.