Tasirin Debian a cikin Linux Open Source Community

Al'ummar Linux, da duniyar fasaha gabaɗaya, sun kadu da labarin mutuwar Ian's Murdock makwanni biyu da suka gabata - kuma daidai ne. Gado da hangen nesa na Ian a matsayin wanda ya kafa aikin Debian ba kawai ya rinjayi wasu da yawa waɗanda suka ci gaba da fara rarraba nasu ba, har ma sun kasance hanyoyin samar da tsarin aiki mai ƙarfi wanda mutane da yawa da kamfanoni masu girma dabam suka yi amfani da su don ƙari. fiye da shekaru 20.

A cikin wannan labarin za mu yi bitar wasu matakai na tarihi da ci gaban Debian da tasirinsa a kan ɗimbin ƙarfi da shahararrun abubuwan da ake amfani da su a yau.

#1 - Debian shine farkon rarrabawa wanda masu haɓakawa da masu amfani zasu iya ba da gudummawa

Mutanen da suka yi amfani da Linux na tsawon shekaru biyu kacal watakila suna ɗaukar ci gaban tushen al'umma a banza. Hanyoyin Intanet na yanzu da kafofin watsa labarun ba a kusa ba a tsakiyar 1993 lokacin da Ian Murdock ya sanar da ƙirƙirar Debian. Duk da haka, Ian ya sami damar yin aiki gaba ɗaya. Gidauniyar Software ta Kyauta ne ta dauki nauyin kokarinsa a farkon zamanin Debian.

Kafin nan, an shafe shekara guda (1994) ana shirya wannan aiki ta yadda sauran masu ci gaba za su ba da gudummawarsu. A watan Maris 1995 lokacin da aka saki Debian 0.93R5, kowane mai tsara shirye-shirye ya fara kiyaye nasu fakitin. Ba da daɗewa ba, an kafa jerin aikawasiku kuma shaharar Debian, tare da gudummawar, ya ƙaru.

#2 - An tsara Debian tare da tsarin mulki, kwangilar zamantakewa, da takaddun manufofi

Idan kuna tunani game da shi, jagoranci da yada babban aiki kamar Debian yana buƙatar masu ba da gudummawa da masu amfani su bi tsarin jagororin don haɗawa da tsara ƙoƙarin. Hakan ba zai yiwu ba idan ba tare da wasu takaddun da aka yi amfani da su don tafiyar da yadda ake gudanar da aikin ba, da nuna yadda ake yanke shawara, da kuma fayyace buƙatun da wata manhaja ta cika domin zama wani ɓangare na aikin.

Waɗannan takaddun jagororin Software na Kyauta na Debian, wani ɓangare na Kwangilar Jama'a) tare da masu amfani da ƙarshen a matsayin babban fifiko.

A lokaci guda kuma, Debian ta himmatu wajen bayar da kyauta ga jama'ar Software na Kyauta ta hanyar raba gyare-gyaren bug da haɓakawa da aikin ya yi ga marubutan shirye-shiryen da aka haɗa a cikin tsarin aiki.

#3 - Debian yana tabbatar da daidaito tsakanin haɓakawa

Abin farin ciki shi ne sanin cewa ba dole ba ne ku kasance kuna buga itace ko ketare yatsun ku kuna neman haɓaka tsarin aiki don tafiya lafiya. Debian yana da kaifi sosai don ba da damar haɓaka tsarin aiki akan tashi ba tare da sake shigar da komai daga karce ba. Duk da yake gaskiya ne cewa sauran rabawa suna ba da fasalin iri ɗaya (Fedora da Ubuntu don suna 'yan misalai), ba sa kwatanta kwanciyar hankali ga Debian.

Misali, sabis ɗin da ke gudana a cikin Wheezy yana da tabbacin yin hakan a cikin Jessie bayan haɓakawa tare da kaɗan ko babu canje-canje.

Tabbas, ana ba da shawarar madadin baya koyaushe idan akwai gazawar hardware yayin aiwatarwa, amma ba saboda tsoron cewa haɓakawa da kansa zai lalata abubuwa ba.

#4 - Debian shine rarraba Linux tare da yawancin abubuwan da aka samo asali

A matsayin tsarin aiki na kyauta, mai ƙarfi, ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa mutane da kamfanoni da yawa sun zaɓi Debian a matsayin tushen rarraba Linux ɗinsu, galibi ana kiran su \Sabobin. fakiti, tare da wasu nasu.

A lokacin wannan rubutun (tsakiyar Fabrairu, 2016), rahoton Distrowatch an ƙirƙiri rarrabawar 349 bisa Debian tare da 127 daga cikinsu har yanzu suna aiki. Daga cikin na ƙarshe akwai wasu sanannun rabawa kamar Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Kali Linux, da OS na farko. Don haka, Debian ya ba da gudummawa ga haɓakawa da haɓakar tebur na Linux, da tsaro na sabar, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa.

#5 - Taimakawa ga gine-gine da yawa

Kamar yadda aka fitar da kwaya ta Linux daga nau'in injunan tallafi na farko (x86) zuwa jerin abubuwan gine-gine masu tasowa, Debian tun daga nan yana biye da shi a baya - har zuwa yau ana iya sarrafa shi a cikin injina iri-iri (32). -bit da 64-bit PCs, Sun UltraSPARC wuraren aiki, da na'urorin tushen ARM, don suna 'yan misalai).

Bugu da ƙari, ƙa'idodin tsarin Debian suna ba da damar yin amfani da shi akan injuna masu ƙarancin albarkatu. Kuna da ƙura mai tarawa na tsohuwar PC? Babu matsala! Yi amfani da shi don uwar garken Linux na tushen Debian (Ina da sabar gidan yanar gizon Apache da ke aiki akan kwamfutar Intel Celeron 566 MHz/256 RAM, inda take gudana tsawon shekaru biyu yanzu).

Kuma na karshe amma ba kadan ba,

#6 - Labarin wasan yara!

Bayan da Bruce Perens ya maye gurbin Ian Murdock a matsayin darektan aikin Debian, kowane sakin barga yana da suna bayan wani hali a cikin fina-finan Toy Story.

A lokacin, Bruce yana aiki ga Pixar, wanda zai iya bayyana dalilin irin wannan shawarar. Ku kira ni mai hankali, amma duk lokacin da na kalli fina-finai ina tunanin Debian, da kuma akasin haka. Hatta Sid, yaron da ya azabtar da kayan wasan yara, yana da wurinsa a Debian. Ba abin mamaki bane, sigar maras tabbas (inda aka yi yawancin ayyukan ci gaba kamar yadda ake shirya sabon sakin) ana kiransa sunansa.

Takaitawa

A cikin wannan labarin mun sake nazarin wasu dalilan da suka sa Debian ya zama mai tasiri sosai a cikin al'ummar Linux. Za mu so jin ra'ayin ku game da wannan labarin da kuma wasu dalilan da ya sa kuke tunanin Debian shine abin da take so ya zama: tsarin aiki na duniya (ba abin mamaki ba ne NASA ta yi hijirar tsarin sarrafa kwamfuta a tashar sararin samaniya ta kasa da kasa daga Windows XP da Red Hat zuwa Debian a). 'yan shekarun da suka gabata! Kara karantawa game da shi anan).

Kada ku yi shakka don sauke mu layi ta amfani da fam ɗin sharhi a ƙasa!