Yadda ake Ƙirƙirar Tsarin Gudanar da Koyarwa Kan Kan kan layi Ta Amfani da Moodle a cikin Linux

Moodle kyauta ne, mai fa'ida, tsarin sarrafa tushen tushen koyo (LMS). Makarantu da jami'o'i da dama na kan layi suna amfani da dandalin da kuma malamai masu zaman kansu.

Moodle yana da matuƙar gyare-gyare kuma ana nufin ya dace da buƙatun masu amfani da yawa gami da malamai, ɗalibai ko masu gudanarwa.

Siffofin Moodle

Wasu daga cikin fitattun abubuwan da Moodle ke da su sune:

  • Na zamani kuma mai sauƙin amfani da dubawa
  • Dashboard na sirri
  • Kayan aikin haɗin gwiwa
  • Kalandar duk-in-daya
  • Sauƙin sarrafa fayil
  • Mai sauƙaƙan editan rubutu
  • Sanarwa
  • Bibiyan ci gaba
  • Kira/tsarin rukunin yanar gizo na musamman
  • Yarukan da ke da tallafi da yawa
  • Ƙirƙirar darasi mai yawa
  • Tambayoyi
  • Matsayin mai amfani
  • Plugins don ƙarin ayyuka
  • Haɗin multimedia

Tabbas abubuwan da ke sama kadan ne daga cikin abubuwan da Moodle yake da su. idan kana son ganin cikakken jeri, za ka iya duba Moodle docs.

An fito da sabuwar sigar Moodle (3.0) kwanan nan kwanan nan akan Nuwamba 16 2015. Sakin yana da buƙatu masu zuwa:

  • Apache ko Nginx
  • MySQL/MariaDB sigar 5.5.31
  • PHP 5.5 da karinsa

A cikin wannan koyawa, zan nuna muku yadda ake shigar da Moodle LMS (Tsarin Gudanar da Koyo) akan tsarin tushen RedHat kamar CentOS/Fedora da Debian abubuwan da suka samo asali ta amfani da LAMP ko LEMP (Linux, Apache/Nginx, MySQL/MariaDB da PHP) tare da Yankin yanki moodle.linux-console.net da adireshin IP 192.168.0.3.

Muhimmi: Za a aiwatar da umarnin tare da tushen mai amfani ko gata sudo, don haka tabbatar da cewa kuna da cikakkiyar damar shiga tsarin ku.

Mataki 1: Sanya LAMP ko muhallin LEMP

LAMP/LEMP tarin buɗaɗɗen software ne da aka tsara don ginawa da ɗaukar gidajen yanar gizo. Yana amfani da Apache/Nginx azaman sabar gidan yanar gizo, MariaDB/MySQL don tsarin sarrafa bayanai na alaƙa da PHP azaman yaren shirye-shirye masu daidaitawa.

Kuna iya amfani da bin umarni guda ɗaya don shigar da tarin LAMP ko LEMP a cikin tsarin Linux ɗin ku kamar yadda aka nuna:

# yum install httpd php mariadb-server       [On RedHat/CentOS based systems] 
# dnf install httpd php mariadb-server            [On Fedora 22+ versions]
# apt-get install apache2 php5 mariadb-server     [On Debian/Ubuntu based systems]

# yum install nginx php php-fpm mariadb-server            [On RedHat/CentOS based systems] 
# dnf install nginx php php-fpm mariadb-server            [On Fedora 22+ versions]
# apt-get install nginx php5 php5-fpm mariadb-server      [On Debian/Ubuntu based systems]

Mataki 2: Shigar da kari da ɗakunan karatu na PHP

Na gaba, kuna buƙatar shigar da abubuwan da aka ba da shawarar kari da ɗakunan karatu na PHP don gudanar da kuskuren Moodle kyauta.

--------------------- On RedHat/CentOS based systems ---------------------
# yum install php-iconv php-mbstring php-curl php-opcache php-xmlrpc php-mysql php-openssl php-tokenizer php-soap php-ctype php-zip php-gd php-simplexml php-spl php-pcre php-dom php-xml php-intl php-json php-ldap wget unzip

--------------------- On On Fedora 22+ versions ---------------------
# dnf install php-iconv php-mbstring php-curl php-opcache php-xmlrpc php-mysql php-openssl php-tokenizer php-soap php-ctype php-zip php-gd php-simplexml php-spl php-pcre php-dom php-xml php-intl php-json php-ldap wget unzip

--------------------- On Debian/Ubuntu based systems ---------------------
# apt-get install graphviz aspell php5-pspell php5-curl php5-gd php5-intl php5-mysql php5-xmlrpc php5-ldap

Mataki 3: Sanya saitunan PHP

Yanzu buɗe kuma gyara saitunan PHP a cikin php.ini ko .htaccess (Sai idan ba ku da damar shiga php.ini) fayil kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.

Muhimmi: Idan kuna amfani da PHP wanda ya girmi 5.5, to an cire wasu saitunan PHP masu zuwa kuma ba za ku samu a cikin fayil ɗin php.ini ɗinku ba.

register_globals = Off
safe_mode = Off
memory_limit = 128M
session.save_handler = files
magic_quotes_gpc = Off
magic_quotes_runtime = Off
file_uploads = On
session.auto_start = 0
session.bug_compat_warn = Off
post_max_size = 50M
upload_max_filesize = 50M

A kan sabar gidan yanar gizo na Nginx, kuna buƙatar kunna masu canji a cikin fayil ɗin php.ini kuma.

cgi.fix_pathinfo=1

Bayan yin canje-canje a sama, sake kunna sabar gidan yanar gizo kamar yadda aka nuna:

--------------------- On SysVinit based systems ---------------------
# service httpd restart			[On RedHat/CentOS based systems]    
# service apache2 restart		[On Debian/Ubuntu based systems]

--------------------- On Systemd based systems ---------------------
# systemctl restart httpd.service	[On RedHat/CentOS based systems]    
# systemctl restart apache2.service 	[On Debian/Ubuntu based systems]

--------------------- On SysVinit based systems ---------------------
# service nginx restart		
# service php-fpm restart	

--------------------- On Systemd based systems ---------------------
# systemctl restart nginx.service	
# systemctl restart php-fpm.service

Mataki 4: Sanya Tsarin Gudanar da Koyon Moodle

Yanzu muna shirye don shirya fayilolin Moodle don shigarwa. Don wannan dalili, kewaya zuwa tushen tushen gidan yanar gizon uwar garken Apache ko Nginx. Kuna iya yin hakan ta hanyar:

# cd /var/www/html              [For Apache]
# cd /usr/share/nginx/html      [For Nginx]

Na gaba je umarnin wget.

# wget https://download.moodle.org/download.php/direct/stable30/moodle-3.0.zip

Yanzu cire zip ɗin da aka sauke, wannan zai haifar da sabon kundin adireshi mai suna moodle kuma ya motsa duk abubuwan da ke cikin sa zuwa tushen tushen gidan yanar gizon sabar yanar gizo (watau /var/www/html don Apache ko /usr/share/nginx/html don Nginx) ta amfani da jerin umarni masu zuwa.

# unzip moodle-3.0.zip
# cd moodle
# cp -r * /var/www/html/           [For Apache]
# cp -r * /usr/share/nginx/html    [For Nginx]

Yanzu bari mu gyara ikon mallakar fayiloli ga mai amfani da gidan yanar gizo, dangane da rarrabawar ku Apache na iya gudana tare da mai amfani apache ko www-data da Nginx yana gudana azaman nginx mai amfani.

Don gyara ikon mallakar fayil, gudanar da umarni mai zuwa.

# chown -R apache: /var/www/html	[On RedHat/CentOS based systems] 
# chown -R www-data: /var/www/html 	[On Debian/Ubuntu based systems]
OR
# chown -R nginx: /usr/share/nginx/html/

Moodle kuma yana amfani da kundin bayanan da ake nufi don adana bayanan malamai da ɗalibai. Misali wannan kundin adireshin zai adana bidiyo, takardu, gabatarwa da sauransu.

Don dalilai na tsaro, yakamata ku ƙirƙiri wannan jagorar a wajen tushen tushen gidan yanar gizon. A cikin wannan koyawa za mu ƙirƙiri wata hanya ta daban ta moodledata.

# mkdir /var/www/moodledata              [For Apache]
# mkdir /usr/share/moodledata            [For Nginx]

Kuma sake gyara ikon mallakar babban fayil ɗin tare da:

# chown -R apache: /var/www/moodledata	        [On RedHat/CentOS based systems]    
# chown -R www-data: /var/www/moodledata 	[On Debian/Ubuntu based systems]
OR
# chown -R nginx: /usr/share/moodledata

Mataki 5: Ƙirƙiri Database na Moodle

Moodle yana amfani da bayanan da ke da alaƙa don adana bayanan sa don haka za mu buƙaci shirya bayanai don shigarwa. Ana iya yin wannan cikin sauƙi tare da umarni masu zuwa:

# mysql -u root -p

Shigar da kalmar wucewa kuma ci gaba. Yanzu ƙirƙiri sabon bayanai mai suna “moodle”:

MariaDB [(none)]> create database moodle;

Yanzu bari mu baiwa mai amfani moodle tare da duk gata akan yanayin bayanai:

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on moodle.* to [email 'localhost' identified by 'password';

Mataki 6: Fara Shigar Moodle

Yanzu muna shirye don ci gaba da shigar da Moodle. Don wannan dalili, buɗe adireshin IP ɗinku ko sunan mai masauki a cikin mashigar bincike. Ya kamata ku ga mai sakawa na Moodle. Zai tambaye ka ka zaɓi yaren don shigarwa:

A mataki na gaba, za ku zaɓi hanyar jagorar bayanan Moodle ɗin ku. Wannan jagorar zai ƙunshi fayilolin da malamai da ɗalibai suka ɗora.

Misali bidiyo, PDF, PPT da sauran fayilolin da kuke loda akan gidan yanar gizonku. Mun riga mun shirya wannan jagorar a baya, kawai kuna buƙatar saita bayanan Moodle dir zuwa /var/www/moodledata ko /usr/share/moodledata.

Na gaba za ku zabi direban bayanan bayanai.

  1. Don MySQL - Zaɓi Ingantacciyar direban MySQL.
  2. Don MariaDB - Zaɓi direban ɗan ƙasa/mariadb.

Bayan haka za a sa ka ga bayanan shaidar MySQL wanda Moodle zai yi amfani da shi. Mun riga mun shirya waɗannan a baya:

Database Name: moodle
Database User: moodle
Password: password

Da zarar kun cika cikakkun bayanai, ci gaba zuwa shafi na gaba. Shafin zai nuna muku haƙƙin mallaka masu alaƙa da Moodle:

Yi bitar waɗannan kuma ku ci gaba zuwa shafi na gaba. A shafi na gaba, Moodle zai gudanar da bincike na tsarin don mahallin uwar garken ku. Zai sanar da kai idan akwai bacewar kayayyaki/ kari akan tsarin ku. Idan ana samun irin wannan, danna hanyar haɗin da ke kusa da kowane tsawo da aka nuna a matsayin bace kuma za a ba ku umarnin yadda ake shigar da shi.

Idan komai yana da kyau, ci gaba zuwa shafi na gaba, inda mai sakawa zai cika bayanan. Wannan tsari na iya ɗaukar lokaci fiye da yadda ake tsammani. Bayan haka za a tambaye ku don saita mai amfani da gudanarwa. Kuna buƙatar cika waɗannan cikakkun bayanai:

  1. Username – sunan mai amfani wanda mai amfani zai shiga da shi
  2. Password – kalmar sirri don mai amfani na sama
  3. Sunan farko
  4. Sunan mahaifi
  5. Adreshin imel na mai amfani da gudanarwa
  6. Biri/gari
  7. Kasar
  8. Lokaci
  9. Bayyana – shigar da bayani game da kanku

Bayan kun saita bayanin martabar mai gudanar da rukunin yanar gizon ku, lokaci yayi da zaku saita wasu bayanai game da rukunin yanar gizon. Cika waɗannan bayanan:

  • Cikakken sunan shafin
  • Gajeren suna don rukunin yanar gizon
  • Taƙaitaccen shafi na gaba - bayanin da za a nuna akan shafin farko
  • Saitunan Wuri
  • Rijistar rukunin yanar gizo - zaɓi nau'in rajista   zama mai rijista ko ta imel.

Lokacin da kuka cika waɗannan bayanan, an gama shigarwa kuma za a kai ku zuwa bayanan mai gudanarwa:

Don samun damar dashboard ɗin gudanarwa na Moodle je zuwa http://your-ip-address/admin. A wurina wannan shine:

http://moodle.linux-console.net/admin

Yanzu shigarwar Moodle ɗin ku ya cika kuma zaku iya fara sarrafa gidan yanar gizon ku kuma ƙirƙirar darussanku na farko, masu amfani ko kawai keɓance saitunan rukunin yanar gizon ku.

Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi ko sharhi masu alaƙa da shigarwar Moodle, da fatan za a ƙaddamar da su a cikin sashin sharhin da ke ƙasa.

Za mu iya yi maka!

Idan kuna son shigar da Moodle akan sabar Linux ta gaske, zaku iya tuntuɓar mu a [email kare] tare da buƙatun ku kuma za mu samar da tayin na yau da kullun don ku kawai.

Dubawa: https://docs.moodle.org/