Yadda ake Sanya Adireshin IP na Static akan Ubuntu 20.04

Yawancin lokaci, lokacin da tsarin abokin ciniki ya haɗu da hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar WiFi ko kebul na ethernet, ta atomatik yana karɓar adireshin IP daga na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa. Wannan yana yiwuwa ta hanyar uwar garken DHCP wanda ke ba da adiresoshin IP kai tsaye ga abokan ciniki daga wuraren adiresoshin.

Rashin koma baya tare da DHCP shine da zarar lokacin haya na DHCP ya ƙare, adireshin IP na tsarin yana canzawa zuwa wani daban, kuma wannan yana haifar da yanke haɗin gwiwa idan an yi amfani da tsarin don wani sabis na musamman kamar sabar fayil. Don wannan dalili, ƙila ka so ka saita adireshin IP na tsaye don kada ya canza ko da lokacin haya ya ƙare.

A cikin wannan jagorar, zaku koyi yadda ake saita adreshin IP na tsaye akan uwar garken Ubuntu 20.04 da tebur.

Ubuntu yana amfani da NetworkManager daemon don sarrafa saitin cibiyar sadarwa. Kuna iya saita IP na tsaye ko dai a hoto ko akan layin umarni.

Don wannan jagorar, za mu mai da hankali kan saita adireshin IP na tsaye ta amfani da GUI da kuma kan layin umarni, kuma ga tsarin IP:

IP Address: 192.168.2.100
Netmask: 255.255.255.0
Default gateway route address: 192.168.2.1
DNS nameserver addresses: 8.8.8.8, 192.168.2.1

Wannan bayanin zai bambanta a gare ku, don haka musanya dabi'u daidai gwargwado bisa ga gidan yanar gizon ku.

A wannan shafi

• Sanya Adireshin IP Static akan Desktop Ubuntu 20.04
• Sanya Adireshin IP Static akan Ubuntu 20.04 Server

Don farawa, ƙaddamar da 'Saituna' daga menu na aikace-aikacen kamar yadda aka nuna.

A cikin taga da ya bayyana, danna kan shafin 'Network' a gefen hagu na gefen hagu sannan ka danna gunkin gear akan cibiyar sadarwar da kake son saitawa. A cikin yanayina, Ina saita hanyar sadarwa ta waya.

A cikin sabon taga da ya bayyana, saitunan cibiyar sadarwar ku za a nuna kamar yadda aka nuna. Ta hanyar tsoho, an saita adireshin IP ɗin don amfani da DHCP don ɗaukar adireshin IP ta atomatik daga na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ko kowane uwar garken DHCP.

A cikin yanayinmu, adireshin IP na yanzu da aka sanya shine 192.168.2.104.

Yanzu zaɓi shafin IPv4 don fara saita adreshin IP na tsaye. Kamar yadda kake gani, an saita adireshin IP zuwa atomatik (DHCP) ta tsohuwa.

Danna kan zaɓin 'Manual' kuma za a nuna sabbin filayen adireshi. Cika adreshin IP ɗin da kuka fi so, netmask, da tsohuwar ƙofa.

Hakanan an saita DNS zuwa atomatik. Don saita DNS da hannu, danna maɓallin juyawa don kashe DNS ta atomatik. Sannan samar da abubuwan da kuka fi so na DNS waɗanda aka raba ta waƙafi kamar yadda aka nuna.

Da zarar an gama komai, danna maɓallin 'Aiwatar' a saman kusurwar dama na taga. Don sauye-sauyen aiki, sake kunna hanyar sadarwar hanyar sadarwa ta danna kan jujjuya don kashe shi kuma sake kunna ta.

Har yanzu, danna gunkin gear don bayyana sabon tsarin IP kamar yadda aka nuna.

Hakanan zaka iya tabbatar da adireshin IP akan tashar ta hanyar gudanar da umarnin ip addr.

$ ifconfig
OR
$ ip addr

Don tabbatar da sabar DNS, gudanar da umarni:

$ systemd-resolve --status

Mun ga yadda za mu iya saita adreshin IP na tsaye a kan tebur na Ubuntu 20.04. Wani zaɓi shine daidaita adireshin IP na tsaye akan tashar ta amfani da Netplan.

Canonical ya haɓaka shi, Netplan kayan aiki ne na layin umarni da ake amfani da shi don saita hanyar sadarwa akan rarrabawar Ubuntu na zamani. Netplan yana amfani da fayilolin YAML don saita mu'amalar hanyar sadarwa. Kuna iya saita mu'amala don siyan IP mai ƙarfi ta amfani da ka'idar DHCP ko saita IP mai tsayi.

Bude tashar tashar ku kuma je zuwa ga /etc/netplan directory. Za ku sami fayil ɗin sanyi na YAML wanda zaku yi amfani da shi don saita adireshin IP.

A cikin yanayina fayil ɗin YAML shine 01-network-manager-all.yaml tare da saitunan tsoho kamar yadda aka nuna.

Don uwar garken Ubuntu, fayil ɗin YAML shine 00-installer-config.yaml kuma waɗannan su ne saitunan tsoho.

Don saita tsayayyen IP, kwafa kuma liƙa tsarin daidaitawa a ƙasa. Yi la'akari da tazara a cikin fayil ɗin YAML.

network:
  version: 2
  ethernets:
     enp0s3:
        dhcp4: false
        addresses: [192.168.2.100/24]
        gateway4: 192.168.2.1
        nameservers:
          addresses: [8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4]

Na gaba, ajiye fayil ɗin kuma gudanar da umarnin netplan da ke ƙasa don adana canje-canje.

$ sudo netplan apply

Bayan haka zaku iya tabbatar da adireshin IP na cibiyar sadarwar ku ta amfani da umarnin ifconfig.

$ ifconfig

Wannan ya kunshi labarin yau. Muna fatan yanzu kuna cikin matsayi don saita adreshin IP na tsaye akan tsarin tebur na Ubuntu 20.04 & uwar garken ku.