Yadda ake shigar da Stack LAMP tare da PhpMyAdmin a cikin Ubuntu 20.04

Tarin LAMP shine haɗin fakitin software da aka fi yawan amfani da su don gina gidajen yanar gizo masu ƙarfi. LAMP  taƙaitaccen bayani ne wanda ke amfani da harafin farko na kowane fakitin da aka haɗa a ciki: Linux, Apache, MariaDB, da PHP.

Kuna iya amfani da LAMP don gina gidajen yanar gizo masu ban sha'awa tare da dandamali kamar Joomla misali.

Bugu da ƙari, ta hanyar tsoho, ana sarrafa bayanan MySQL/MariaDB daga layin umarni, ta hanyar MySQL harsashi. Idan kun fi son sarrafa bayananku da yin wasu ayyuka masu amfani na uwar garken bayanai daga mahaɗar hoto, kuna buƙatar shigar da PhpMyAdmin, mashahurin aikace-aikacen yanar gizo na tushen PHP.

Idan kuna neman saitin LAMP don Ubuntu 20.04, to yakamata ku karanta jagorar saitin LEMP akan Ubuntu 20.04.

A cikin wannan labarin, zaku koyi yadda ake girka da daidaita LAMP tare da PhpMyAdmin a cikin uwar garken Ubuntu 20.04. Jagoran yana ɗauka cewa kun riga kun shigar da Ubuntu 20.04. Idan baku riga kun shigar dashi ba, zaku iya komawa zuwa jagororin mu anan:

  1. Ubuntu 20.04 Jagoran Shigar uwar garken

Mataki 1: Shigar da Apache akan Ubuntu 20.04

1. Apache2 sanannen tushe ne, mai ƙarfi, abin dogaro, kuma babban software na sabar gidan yanar gizo/HTTP wanda yawancin gidajen yanar gizo ke amfani da shi akan intanit.

Don shigar da kunshin Apache2, yi amfani da tsoho mai sarrafa fakiti kamar haka:

$ sudo apt install apache2

Fayilolin daidaitawa na Apache2 suna cikin /etc/apache2 directory kuma babban fayil ɗin sanyi shine /etc//etc/apache2/apache2.conf. Kuma tushen daftarin aiki na asali don adana fayilolin yanar gizon ku shine /var/www/html/.

2. A kan Ubuntu ba kamar sauran manyan rabawa na Linux ba, ana fara ayyukan tsarin ta atomatik kuma suna ba da damar farawa daga tsarin boot, lokacin da kunshin (wanda aka yi niyya don aiki azaman sabis) ya cika.

Kuna iya tabbatar da cewa sabis ɗin Apache2 ya tashi kuma yana kunna kan taya ta amfani da umarnin systemctl masu zuwa.

$ sudo systemctl status apache2
$ sudo systemctl is-enabled apache2

4. Na gaba, kuna buƙatar gwada aikin daidaitaccen shigarwar uwar garken Apache2. Bude mai binciken gidan yanar gizo kuma yi amfani da adireshin mai zuwa don kewayawa.

http://YOUR_SERVER_IP

Ya kamata ku ga shafin tsoho na Apache Ubuntu wanda aka nuna a cikin hoton.

Mataki 2: Sanya MariaDB Database akan Ubuntu 20.04

5. MariaDB cokali mai yatsa ne na mashahurin bayanan MySQL. Yanzu ya shahara kuma shine tsoho a yawancin rarrabawar Linux ciki har da Ubuntu kuma yana cikin yawancin hadayun girgije.

Don shigar da uwar garken bayanan MariaDB da abokin ciniki, gudanar da umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client

Ana adana fayilolin sanyi na MariaDB a ƙarƙashin /etc/mysql/ directory. Akwai fayilolin sanyi da yawa a wurin, zaku iya karanta takaddun MariaDB don ƙarin bayani.

6. Na gaba, tabbatar da cewa sabis ɗin bayanai na MariaDB yana gudana kuma an kunna shi don farawa ta atomatik lokacin da aka sake kunna tsarin ku.

$ sudo systemctl status mariadb
$ sudo systemctl is-enabled mariadb

7. A kan sabobin samarwa, kuna buƙatar kunna wasu matakan tsaro na asali don shigarwar bayanan MariaDB, ta hanyar gudanar da rubutun mysql_secure_installation wanda ke jigilar kaya tare da kunshin MariaDB.

$ sudo mysql_secure_installation

Bayan gudanar da rubutun, zai ɗauke ku ta hanyar jerin tambayoyi inda zaku iya amsa yes(y) ko no(n) don kunna wasu zaɓuɓɓukan tsaro. Saboda an riga an shigar da tsarin tsarin bayanai, babu tushen bayanan bayanan (ko mai gudanarwa) kalmar sirri.

Don haka kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar ɗaya kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke gaba.

  • Shigar da kalmar sirri ta yanzu don tushen (shigar da babu): Shigar
  • Saita tushen kalmar sirri? [Y/n] y
  • Cire masu amfani da ba a san su ba? [Y/n] y
  • A hana tushen shiga daga nesa? [Y/n] y
  • Cire bayanan gwaji da samun dama gare shi? [Y/n] y
  • Sake ɗorawa teburin gata yanzu? [Y/n] y

8. Don samun damar harsashi na MariaDB, gudanar da umarnin mysql tare da zaɓi na -u tare da sudo. Idan baku yi amfani da umarnin sudo ba, tabbas za ku ci karo da kuskuren da aka nuna a cikin hoton sikirin mai zuwa.

$ mysql -u root -p
$ sudo mysql -u root

Mataki 3: Shigar da PHP a cikin Ubuntu 20.04

9. Harshen rubutun buɗaɗɗen mabuɗin gabaɗaya, PHP yana ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun yarukan shirye-shirye don haɓaka yanar gizo. Yana iko da wasu shahararrun gidajen yanar gizo da aikace-aikacen yanar gizo a duniya.

Don shigar da PHP, gudanar da umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo apt install php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql

Fayil ɗin daidaitawar PHP zai kasance a cikin /etc/php/7.2/.

Hakanan, dangane da aikin ku, kuna iya shigar da wasu kari na PHP da aikace-aikacenku ke buƙata. Kuna iya bincika tsawo na PHP kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo apt-cache search php | grep php-		#show all php packages

10. Bayan gano tsawo, za ka iya shigar da shi. Misali, Ina shigar da kayan aikin PHP don Redis in-memory cache da kayan aikin matsawa Zip.

$ sudo apt install php-redis php-zip

11. Bayan shigar da tsawo na PHP, kuna buƙatar sake kunna apache don amfani da canje-canjen kwanan nan.

$ sudo systemctl restart apache2

12. Na gaba, gwada idan Apache yana aiki tare da PHP. Ƙirƙiri shafin info.php ƙarƙashin tushen daftarin yanar gizo /var/www/html/ directory kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo vi /var/www/html/info.php

Kwafi da liƙa lambar mai zuwa a cikin fayil ɗin, sannan ajiye fayil ɗin kuma fita dashi.

<?php
        phpinfo();
?>

13. Bayan haka, buɗe mashigar yanar gizo kuma kewaya ta amfani da adireshin da ke gaba.

http://YOUR_SERVER_IP/info.php

Idan Apache da PHP suna aiki tare da kyau, yakamata ku ga bayanan PHP (saitunan daidaitawa da akwai sauye-sauyen da aka riga aka ƙayyade, na'urorin da aka shigar, da ƙari akan tsarin ku) wanda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke gaba.

Mataki 4: Sanya PhpMyAdmin a cikin Ubuntu 20.04

14. An yi niyya don sarrafa sarrafa bayanan MySQL/MariaDB, PhpMyAdmin kayan aiki ne na zane-zane na yanar gizo kyauta wanda aka yi amfani da shi tare da ƙirar gidan yanar gizo mai hankali, wanda ke goyan bayan ayyuka da yawa akan MySQL da MariaDB.

Don shigar da PhpMyAdmin, gudanar da umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo apt install phpmyadmin

15. A lokacin shigarwa na kunshin, za a sa ka zaɓi uwar garken gidan yanar gizon da ya kamata a saita ta atomatik don gudanar da PhpMyAdmin. Danna shiga don amfani da Apache, zaɓin tsoho.

16. Har ila yau, PhpMyAdmin dole ne a sanya shi kuma a daidaita shi kafin ka fara amfani da shi. Don saita bayanai don PhpMyAdmin tare da kunshin dbconfig-na kowa, zaɓi e a cikin hanzari na gaba.

17. Na gaba, ƙirƙirar kalmar sirri don PhpMyAdmin don yin rajista tare da uwar garken bayanai na MariaDB.

Da zarar tsarin shigarwa ya cika, fayilolin sanyi na phpMyAdmin suna cikin /etc/phpmyadmin kuma babban fayil ɗin sanyi shine /etc/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php. Wani muhimmin fayil ɗin sanyi shine /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf, ana amfani dashi don saita Apache2 don aiki tare da PhpMyAdmin.

18. Na gaba, kuna buƙatar saita Apache2 don yin hidima ga rukunin phpMyAdmin. Gudun umarni mai zuwa don daidaita fayil ɗin /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf zuwa /etc/apache2/conf-available/phpmyadmin.conf. Sannan kunna fayilolin sanyi na phpmyadmin.conf don Apache2 kuma sake kunna sabis na Apache2 don amfani da canje-canjen kwanan nan.

$ sudo ln -s /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf /etc/apache2/conf-available/phpmyadmin.conf
$ sudo a2enconf phpmyadmin.conf
$ sudo systemctl reload apache2.service

19. A cikin browser je zuwa http://SERVER_IP/phpmyadmin, maye gurbin SERVER_IP tare da ainihin adireshin IP na uwar garken.

http://SERVER_IP/phpmyadmin

Da zarar shafin shiga PhpMyAdmin ya cika, shigar da tushen sunan mai amfani da kalmar wucewa, ko wani mai amfani da MariaDB, idan kuna da kowane saiti, kuma shigar da kalmar wucewar mai amfani. Idan kun kashe mai amfani da tushen nesa, zaku iya amfani da mai amfani da phpmyadmin da kalmar wucewa don shiga.

20. Bayan shiga, za ku ga PhpMyAdmin dashboard. Yi amfani da shi don sarrafa bayanan bayanai, teburi, ginshiƙai, alaƙa, fihirisa, masu amfani, izini, da sauransu.

Wannan ya kawo mu ƙarshen wannan jagorar. Yi amfani da fam ɗin martani don yin kowane tambayoyi game da wannan jagorar ko wasu batutuwa masu alaƙa da tarin LAMP game da Ubuntu 20.04.