Gabatarwa da Fa'idodi/Isarancin Tari a Linux - Kashi na 1

Barka dai, wannan lokacin na yanke shawarar raba ilimina game da tarukan Linux tare da ku a matsayin jerin jagorori mai taken “Linux Clustering For a Failover Scenario”.

Masu zuwa sune jerin jigo na 4 game da Tari a cikin Linux:

Da farko, kuna buƙatar sanin menene clustering, yadda ake amfani da shi a cikin masana'antu da irin fa'idodi da rashin lahani da yake da su da sauransu.

Menene Tari

Clustering shine kafa haɗin kai tsakanin sabar guda biyu ko fiye don sa ta yi aiki kamar ɗaya. Clustering sanannen fasaha ne a tsakanin Sys-Engineers cewa za su iya tara sabobin a matsayin tsarin gazawa, tsarin ma'auni na kaya ko sashin sarrafa layi ɗaya.

Ta wannan jerin jagorar, Ina fatan in jagorance ku don ƙirƙirar gungu na Linux tare da nodes biyu akan RedHat/CentOS don yanayin rashin nasara.

Tun da yanzu kuna da ainihin ra'ayi na menene tari, bari mu gano abin da ake nufi idan ya zo ga tari. Tarin gazawa shine saitin sabobin da ke aiki tare don kula da babban yawan aikace-aikace da ayyuka.

Misali, idan uwar garken ta gaza a wani lokaci, wani kumburi (uwar garken) zai ɗauki nauyin nauyin kuma ya ba mai amfani da ƙarshe rashin gogewar lokaci. Don irin wannan yanayin, muna buƙatar aƙalla sabobin 2 ko 3 don yin saitunan da suka dace.

Na fi son mu yi amfani da sabobin 3; uwar garken guda ɗaya a matsayin uwar garken jar hula da aka kunna uwar garken da sauransu azaman nodes (sabar ƙarshen ƙarshen baya). Bari mu kalli zanen da ke ƙasa don ƙarin fahimta.

Cluster Server: 172.16.1.250
Hostname: clserver.test.net

node01: 172.16.1.222
Hostname: nd01server.test.net

node02: 172.16.1.223
Hostname: nd02server.test.net

A cikin yanayin da ke sama, wani sabar ta daban ce ke gudanar da tari kuma tana sarrafa nodes biyu kamar yadda zane ya nuna. Sabar gudanarwar tari koyaushe tana aika siginar bugun zuciya zuwa kudurorin biyu don bincika ko wani ya gaza. Idan wani ya gaza, ɗayan kumburin yana ɗaukar nauyin.

  1. Clustering sabobin gaba ɗaya mafita ce mai daidaitawa. Kuna iya ƙara albarkatu zuwa gungu daga baya.
  2. Idan uwar garken da ke cikin gungu yana buƙatar kowane kulawa, za ku iya yin ta ta hanyar tsayar da shi yayin da kuke mika lodin ga wasu sabar.
  3. A cikin manyan zaɓuɓɓukan samuwa, tari yana ɗaukar wuri na musamman tunda abin dogaro ne kuma mai sauƙin daidaitawa. Idan uwar garken yana samun matsala wajen samar da ayyukan kuma, sauran sabar da ke cikin gungu za su iya ɗaukar nauyin.

  1. Kudi yana da yawa. Tun da gungu yana buƙatar kayan aiki mai kyau da ƙira, zai yi tsada idan aka kwatanta da ƙirar sarrafa uwar garken mara tari. Kasancewar rashin tasiri shine babban hasara na wannan ƙirar ta musamman.
  2. Tun da tari yana buƙatar ƙarin sabar da kayan masarufi don kafa ɗaya, kulawa da kulawa yana da wahala. Don haka haɓaka abubuwan more rayuwa.

Yanzu bari mu ga irin nau'ikan fakiti/shigarwa da muke buƙatar saita wannan saitin cikin nasara. Ana iya sauke fakitin /RPM masu zuwa ta rpmfind.net.

  1. Ricci (ricci-0.16.2-75.el6.x86_64.rpm)
  2. Luci (luci-0.26.0-63.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm)
  3. Mod_cluster (modcluster-0.16.2-29.el6.x86_64.rpm)
  4. CCS (ccs-0.16.2-75.el6_6.2.x86_64.rpm)
  5. CMAN (cman-3.0.12.1-68.el6.x86_64.rpm)
  6. Clusterlib (clusterlib-3.0.12.1-68.el6.x86_64.rpm)

Bari mu ga abin da kowane shigarwa ke yi mana da ma'anar su.

  1. Ricci daemon ne wanda ake amfani dashi don sarrafa tari da daidaitawa. Yana rarrabawa/aikawa da karɓar saƙonni zuwa ga nodes ɗin da aka saita.
    2. Luci uwar garken sabar ce da ke aiki akan uwar garken cluster management kuma yana sadarwa tare da wasu nodes masu yawa. Yana ba da hanyar haɗin yanar gizo don sauƙaƙe abubuwa.
  2. Mod_cluster kayan aiki ne mai daidaita ma'aunin nauyi dangane da sabis na httpd kuma a nan ana amfani da shi don sadar da buƙatun masu shigowa tare da ƙananan nodes.
  3. Ana amfani da CCS don ƙirƙira da gyaggyara tsarin tari akan nodes masu nisa ta hanyar ricci. Hakanan ana amfani dashi don farawa da dakatar da ayyukan tari.
    4. CMAN yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan amfani na farko banda ricci da luci don wannan saitin musamman, tunda wannan yana aiki azaman mai sarrafa tari. A zahiri, cman yana nufin CLUSTER MANAGER. Yana da babban haɓakawa don RedHat wanda aka rarraba tsakanin nodes a cikin tari.

Karanta labarin, ku fahimci yanayin da za mu ƙirƙira mafita gare shi, kuma saita abubuwan da ake buƙata don aiwatarwa. Mu hadu da Sashe na 2, a labarinmu mai zuwa, inda za mu koyi Yadda ake girka da ƙirƙirar tari don yanayin da aka bayar.

Magana:

  1. Takardun ch-cman
  2. Tsarin Takaddun Rukunin Mod

Ci gaba da haɗin kai tare da Tecment don dacewa da sabuwar Yadda ake. Kasance da Sabis don sashin 02 (Sabis na Linux suna taru tare da Nodes 2 don yanayin rashin nasara akan RedHAT/CentOS - Ƙirƙirar tarin) nan ba da jimawa ba.