Kafa LEMP Linux, Nginx, MySQL/MariaDB, PHP) da PhpMyAdmin akan Ubuntu 15.04 Server


Tarin LEMP shine haɗin Nginx, MySQL/MariaDB da PHP da aka shigar akan yanayin Linux.

Gajarta ta fito ne daga haruffan farko na kowannensu: Linux, Nginx (lafazin Injiniya x), MySQL/MariaDB da PHP.

Wannan labarin zai ƙunshi umarnin mataki-mataki yadda ake shigar da kowace software a cikin rukuni akan uwar garken tushen Ubuntu 15.04 tare da kayan aikin PhpMyAdmin don sarrafa bayanai daga mai binciken gidan yanar gizo.

Kafin kafa LEMP, akwai ƴan buƙatu da ya kamata a cika:

  1. Mafi ƙarancin shigarwa na Ubuntu 15.04.
  2. Shigar da sabar ta hanyar SSH (idan ba ku da damar kai tsaye).
  3. Idan za a kula da tsarin azaman uwar garken dole ne a daidaita adireshin IP na tsaye.

Mataki 1: Saita Sunan Mai watsa shiri da Sabunta Tsari

1. Shiga cikin uwar garken Ubuntu 15.04 ta hanyar SSH da sunan uwar garken saitin. Ana iya samun wannan cikin sauƙi ta hanyar gudanar da umarni mai zuwa:

$ sudo hostnamectl set-hostname your-hostname.com
$ hostnamectl

Tabbas dole ne ku maye gurbin \your-hostname.com da ainihin sunan sunan mai masaukin ku wanda zaku yi amfani da shi.

2. Na gaba, tabbatar da yin cikakken tsarin haɓakawa don kiyaye fakitin Ubuntu na zamani, gudanar da umarni mai zuwa:

$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Mataki 2: Shigar kuma Sanya Nginx Webserver

3. Nginx shine sabar gidan yanar gizo mai sauri wanda za'a iya amfani dashi azaman wakili na baya, daidaita nauyin kaya yana nufin ya zama ƙasa da amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya don ɗaukar ma'amalar haɗin gwiwa.

Ana amfani da shi sau da yawa don hanyoyin kasuwanci kuma a halin yanzu yana iko da kashi 40% na manyan wuraren 10000 mafi yawan business. Nginx a halin yanzu yana iko da shafuka kamar CloudFlare, DropBox, GitHub, WordPress, TED, NETFLIX, Instagram da sauran su.

Ana yin shigar da Nginx cikin sauƙi, ta hanyar ba da umarni mai zuwa:

$ sudo apt-get install nginx

Nginx ba zai fara ta atomatik bayan shigarwa ba, don haka kuna buƙatar farawa da hannu ta hanyar gudu:

$ sudo service nginx start

4. Don saita nginx don farawa akan tsarin boot ɗin yana ba da umarni mai zuwa:

$ sudo systemctl enable nginx 

5. Don gwada idan nginx ya fara kuma yana aiki kawai shiga http://server-ip-address a cikin burauzar ku. Ya kamata ku ga shafi mai kama da wannan:

Idan incase, ba ku san adireshin IP na uwar garken ba, zaku iya nemo adireshin IP ɗinku ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa:

# ifconfig eth0 | grep inet | awk ‘{print $2}’

Lura: A cikin misalin da ke sama kuna buƙatar canza \eth0 tare da gano adaftar cibiyar sadarwar ku.

Lokacin da kake shiga adireshin IP a cikin burauzar gidan yanar gizon, ya kamata ka ga shafi mai kama da wannan:

6. Yanzu lokaci ya yi da za a bude fayil na nginx kuma yin canje-canje masu zuwa.

$ sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

Yanzu yi canje-canjen da aka haskaka kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.

Ajiye fayil ɗin kuma sake kunna nginx don sabbin saitunan su yi tasiri:

$ sudo service nginx restart

Mataki 3: Shigar da MariaDB

7. MariaDB shine buɗaɗɗen kayan aikin sarrafa bayanai wanda aka ƙera daga MySQL, yana nufin ya zama 'yanci ƙarƙashin GNU GPL. MariaDB aikin tushen al'umma ne kuma masu haɓakawa na asali na MySQL ne ke jagorantar ci gabanta. Dalilin ƙulla aikin nasa shine damuwa game da siyan Oracle na MySQL.

Kuna iya shigar da MariaDB cikin sauƙi a cikin Ubuntu 15.04 ta hanyar bin umarni masu zuwa:

$ sudo apt-get install mariadb-server mariadb-client

8. A lokacin shigarwa na mariadb, ba zai tambaye ku don saita kalmar sirri don MariaDB ba. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar ba da umarni masu zuwa:

$ sudo mysql –u root
$ use mysql;
$ update user set plugin='' where User='root';
$ flush privileges;
$ quit

9. Yanzu lokaci ya yi da za a tabbatar da shigarwa na MySQL ta hanyar ba da umarni da jerin tambayoyi.

$ mysql_secure_installation

Mataki 4: Shigar da ɗakunan karatu na PHP da PHP

10. PHP harshe ne mai ƙarfi na shirye-shirye da ake amfani da shi don samar da abubuwa masu ƙarfi a kan gidajen yanar gizo. Yana iko da miliyoyin gidajen yanar gizo kuma wataƙila yana ɗaya daga cikin yarukan da ake yawan amfani da su wajen haɓaka yanar gizo.

Don shigar da PHP a cikin Ubuntu 15.04 gudanar da umarni mai zuwa:

$ sudo apt-get install php5 php5-mysql php5-mcrypt php5-gd php5-fpm

11. Yanzu lokaci ya yi da za a daidaita PHP yadda ya kamata zuwa uwar garken yanar gizo na tushen PHP.

$ sudo vim /etc/php5/fpm/php.ini

Nemo layi mai zuwa:

; cgi.fix_pathinfo=1

Kuma canza shi zuwa:

cgi.fix_pathinfo=0

Yanzu sake kunna sabis na php-fpm kuma tabbatar da matsayi.

$ sudo service php5-fpm restart
$ sudo service php5-fpm status

12. Yanzu za mu gwada saitin PHP ɗin mu ta hanyar ƙirƙirar shafin php_info.php mai sauƙi. Fara ta hanyar kewayawa zuwa tushen gidan yanar gizon ku:

$ cd /var/www/html/
$ sudo vim php_info.php

Saka lambar mai zuwa:

<?php phpinfo(); ?>

13. Yanzu kewaya zuwa gidan yanar gizon yanar gizon kuma buga http://your-ip-address/php_info.php, don ganin bayanan php:

Mataki 5: Sanya PhpMyAdmin

14. A ƙarshe za mu shigar da gaban bayanan sarrafa bayanai - phpMyAdmin kayan aiki na gaba na yanar gizo don gudanar da bayanan MySQL/MariaDB.

$ sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin

15. Yanzu shigar da kalmar sirri don mai amfani na MySQL/MariaDB don haka mai sakawa zai iya ƙirƙirar bayanai don phpMyAdmin.

16. A mataki na gaba za a umarce ku da ku zaɓi uwar garken da ya kamata a saita don gudanar da phpMyAdmin. Nginx baya cikin sabar yanar gizo da aka jera don haka kawai danna TAB kuma ci gaba:

17. A wannan lokacin shigarwa zai cika. Don samun damar shiga phpMyAdmin dubawa a cikin burauzar ku ƙirƙiri alamar alamar mai zuwa:

$ cd /var/www/html
$ sudo ln –s /usr/share/phpmyadmin phpmyadmin

18. Yanzu nuna browser ɗinka Don samun damar PhpMyAdmin a http://your-ip-address/phpmyadmin:

Don tantancewa a cikin phpMyAdmin zaku iya amfani da tushen mai amfani da tushen MySQL/MariaDB da kalmar wucewa.

Kammalawa

Tarin ku na LEMP yanzu an saita kuma an saita shi akan sabar Ubuntu 15.04 ku. Yanzu zaku iya fara gina ayyukan gidan yanar gizon ku. Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi, sharhi ko kuna so in yi muku ƙarin bayani game da tsarin shigarwa, da fatan za a ƙaddamar da sharhi a cikin sashin sharhin da ke ƙasa.