Yadda ake Sanya a saman don Kula da Ayyukan Shiga na Tsarin Tsarin Linux


Atop cikakken allo ne mai lura da aikin allo wanda zai iya ba da rahoton ayyukan duk matakai, har ma da waɗanda aka kammala. Atop kuma yana ba ku damar adana ayyukan tsarin yau da kullun. Ana iya amfani da iri ɗaya don dalilai daban-daban, ciki har da bincike, gyara kurakurai, nuna dalilin yin kisar tsarin da sauransu.

  1. Duba yawan amfani da albarkatu ta kowane tsari
  2. Duba nawa aka yi amfani da albarkatun da ake da su
  3. Login amfani da albarkatu
  4. Duba amfani da albarkatun da zaren guda ɗaya
  5. Duba aikin kowane mai amfani ko kowane shiri
  6. Duba ayyukan cibiyar sadarwa akan kowane tsari

Sabuwar sigar Atop ita ce 2.1 kuma ta ƙunshi abubuwa masu zuwa

  1. Sabuwar tsarin shiga
  2. Sabbin tutocin maɓalli
  3. Sabbin Filaye (counters)
  4. Gyaran kwari
  5. Launuka masu daidaitawa

Shigar da Atop Monitoring Tool akan Linux

1. A cikin wannan labarin, zan nuna muku yadda ake sakawa da daidaitawa atop akan tsarin Linux kamar RHEL/CentOS/Fedora da Debian/Ubuntu tushen abubuwan haɓakawa, ta yadda zaku iya saka idanu akan tsarin tsarinku cikin sauƙi.

Da farko kuna buƙatar kunna ma'ajiyar epel ƙarƙashin tsarin RHEL/CentOS/, don shigar da kayan aikin sa ido a saman.

Bayan kun kunna ma'ajiyar epel, zaku iya amfani da mai sarrafa fakitin yum don shigar da fakitin atop kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.

# yum install atop

A madadin, zaku iya zazzage fakitin rpm kai tsaye ta amfani da bin umarnin wget kuma ku ci gaba da shigarwa na atop, tare da umarni mai zuwa.

------------------ For 32-bit Systems ------------------
# wget http://www.atoptool.nl/download/atop-2.1-1.i586.rpm
# rpm -ivh atop-2.1-1.i586.rpm

------------------ For 64-bit Systems ------------------
# wget http://www.atoptool.nl/download/atop-2.1-1.x86_64.rpm
# rpm -ivh atop-2.1-1.x86_64.rpm 

A ƙarƙashin tsarin tushen Debian, ana iya shigar da atop daga tsoffin ma'ajin ta amfani da umarnin da ya dace.

$ sudo apt-get install atop

2. Bayan installing atop, tabbatar atop zai fara a kan tsarin farawa, gudanar da wadannan umarni:

------------------ Under RedHat based systems ------------------
# chkconfig --add atop
# chkconfig atop on --level 235
$ sudo update-rc.d atop defaults             [Under Debian based systems]

3. Ta hanyar tsoho atop zai shiga duk ayyukan akan kowane sakan 600. Kamar yadda wannan bazai zama da amfani ba, zan canza tsarin atop, don haka duk ayyukan za a shiga cikin tazara na 60 seconds. Don wannan dalili, gudanar da umarni mai zuwa:

# sed 's/600/60/' /etc/atop/atop.daily -i                [Under RedHat based systems]
$ sudo sed 's/600/60/' /etc/default/atop -i              [Under Debian based systems]

Yanzu da kuka girka kuma kun daidaita, tambaya mai ma'ana ta gaba ita ce \Yaya zan yi amfani da shi? A zahiri akwai 'yan hanyoyi don hakan:

4. Idan kawai ka gudu atop a Terminal za ka sami top like interface, wanda zai sabunta kowane 10 seconds.

# atop

Ya kamata ku ga allo mai kama da wannan:

Kuna iya amfani da maɓallai daban-daban a sama don tsara bayanin ta ma'auni daban-daban. Ga wasu misalai:

5. Tsare-tsaren bayanai - maɓalli \s - yana nuna tsarin jadawalin bayanai don babban zaren kowane tsari. Hakanan yana nuna adadin hanyoyin da ke cikin yanayin aiki:

# atop -s

6. Ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya - \m maɓalli - yana nuna bayanan da suka danganci ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya game da duk hanyoyin tafiyarwa Rukunin VSIZE yana nuna jimlar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya kuma RSIZE yana nuna girman mazaunin da aka yi amfani da shi a kowane tsari.

VGROW da RGROW suna nuna girma yayin tazara ta ƙarshe. Rukunin MEM yana nuna amfanin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar mazaunin ta hanyar tsari.

# atop -m

7. Nuna amfani da diski - \d maɓalli - yana nuna ayyukan diski akan matakin tsarin (LVM da ginshiƙan DSK). ( ginshiƙan RDDSK/WRDSK).

# atop -d

8. Nuna m bayanai - \v maɓalli - wannan zaɓin yana nuna yana ba da ƙarin takamaiman bayanai game da tafiyar matakai kamar uid, pid, gid, cpu usage, da sauransu:

# atop -v

9. Nuna umarnin matakai - maɓalli \c:

# atop -c

10. Maɓalli na kowane shiri - \p maɓalli - bayanan da aka nuna a cikin wannan taga ana tattara su akan kowane shirin. Babban ginshiƙi mafi dama yana nuna waɗanne shirye-shirye suke aiki (a lokacin tsaka-tsaki) kuma mafi yawan ginshiƙi na hagu yana nunawa. nawa tsari da suka haifa.

# atop -p

11. Maɓalli ga kowane mai amfani - \u maɓalli - wannan allon yana nuna waɗanne masu amfani suke/suke aiki a lokacin tazarar ƙarshe kuma yana nuna yawan matakai da kowane mai amfani ke gudana/gudu.

# atop -u

12. Amfani da hanyar sadarwa - \n maɓalli (yana buƙatar netatop kernel module) yana nuna ayyukan cibiyar sadarwa kowane matakai.

Don shigar da tsarin netatop kernel module, kuna buƙatar shigar da fakitin dogaro masu zuwa akan tsarin ku daga ma'ajiyar mai rarrabawa.

# yum install kernel-devel zlib-devel                [Under RedHat based systems]
$ sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev                    [Under Debian based systems] 

Na gaba zazzage wasan kwal ɗin netatop kuma gina module da daemon.

# wget http://www.atoptool.nl/download/netatop-0.3.tar.gz
# tar -xvf netatop-0.3.tar.gz
# cd netatop-0.3

Je zuwa 'netatop-0.3' directory kuma gudanar da umarni masu zuwa don shigarwa da gina tsarin.

# make
# make install

Bayan an shigar da tsarin netatop cikin nasara, loda tsarin kuma fara daemon.

# service netatop start
OR
$ sudo service netatop start

Idan kana son loda tsarin ta atomatik bayan taya, gudanar da ɗayan umarni masu zuwa dangane da rarrabawa.

# chkconfig --add netatop                [Under RedHat based systems]
$ sudo update-rc.d netatop defaults      [Under Debian based systems] 

Yanzu duba amfanin hanyar sadarwa ta amfani da maɓallin \n.

# atop -n

13. Directory inda atop ke adana fayilolin tarihin sa.

# /var/log/atop/atop_YYYYMMDD

Inda shekara take YYYY, MM shine watan kuma ranar DD na wata. Misali:

atop_20150423

Duk fayilolin da aka ƙirƙira ta atop binary ne. Ba fayilolin log ko rubutu ba ne kuma a sama kawai ke iya karanta su. Lura duk da haka cewa Logrotate na iya karantawa da juya waɗannan fayilolin.

Bari mu ce kuna son ganin rajistan ayyukan yau daga 05:05 lokacin sabar. Kawai gudanar da umarni mai zuwa.

# atop -r -b 05:05 -l 1

Zaɓuɓɓukan saman suna da yawa sosai kuma kuna iya ganin menu na taimako. Don wannan dalili a saman taga kawai amfani da \? Hali don ganin jerin gardama waɗanda atop za su iya amfani da su.Ga jerin zaɓuɓɓukan da aka fi yawan amfani da su:

Ina fatan labarin nawa yana da amfani kuma ya taimake ku ragewa ko hana al'amura tare da tsarin Linux ɗin ku. Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi ko kuna son karɓar bayani don amfanin atop, da fatan za a buga sharhi a sashin sharhi a ƙasa.

Karanta Hakanan: Kayan Aikin Layin Umurni 20 don Kula da Ayyukan Linux